1
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Wang L, Yang P, Yuan J, Lian W, Jin X, Zhang S, Yang L, Xing D. Visible-Light-Promoted Deoxygenative Alkylation of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones with Activated Alcohols. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6334-6344. [PMID: 38616699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
A one-pot strategy for deoxygenative alkylation of alcohols with quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones was developed by using xanthate salts as alcohol-activating groups for radical generation in the presence of tricyclohexylphosphine under visible-light-promoted conditions. The remarkable features of this reaction include a broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, mild conditions, and simple operation. Moreover, the synthetic utility of this reaction was validated by the success of two-step one-pot reactions, scale-up synthesis, and chemoselective radical monodeoxygenation of diols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jinwei Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xinrong Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Sanyu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Liangru Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Xing
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
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2
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Güleç Ö, Türkeş C, Arslan M, Demir Y, Dincer B, Ece A, İrfan Küfrevioğlu Ö, Beydemir Ş. Novel spiroindoline derivatives targeting aldose reductase against diabetic complications: Bioactivity, cytotoxicity, and molecular modeling studies. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107221. [PMID: 38387398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant developments in therapeutic strategies, Diabetes Mellitus remains an increasing concern, leading to various complications, e.g., cataracts, neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, and several cardiovascular diseases. The polyol pathway, which involves Aldose reductase (AR) as a critical enzyme, has been focused on by many researchers as a target for intervention. On the other hand, spiroindoline-based compounds possess remarkable biological properties. This guided us to synthesize novel spiroindoline oxadiazolyl-based acetate derivatives and investigate their biological activities. The synthesized molecules' structures were confirmed herein, using IR, NMR (1H and 13C), and Mass spectroscopy. All compounds were potent inhibitors with KI constants spanning from 0.186 ± 0.020 μM to 0.662 ± 0.042 μM versus AR and appeared as better inhibitors than the clinically used drug, Epalrestat (EPR, KI: 0.841 ± 0.051 μM). Besides its remarkable inhibitory profile compared to EPR, compound 6k (KI: 0.186 ± 0.020 μM) was also determined to have an unusual pharmacokinetic profile. The results showed that 6k had less cytotoxic effect on normal mouse fibroblast (L929) cells (IC50 of 569.58 ± 0.80 μM) and reduced the viability of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells (IC50 of 110.87 ± 0.42 μM) more than the reference drug Doxorubicin (IC50s of 98.26 ± 0.45 μM and 158.49 ± 2.73 μM, respectively), thus exhibiting more potent anticancer activity. Moreover, molecular dynamic simulations for 200 ns were conducted to predict the docked complex's stability and reveal significant amino acid residues that 6k interacts with throughout the simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özcan Güleç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187 Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, 24002 Erzincan, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Arslan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187 Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, 75700 Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Busra Dincer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55020 Samsun, Turkey
| | - Abdulilah Ece
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, 34010 İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, 11230 Bilecik, Turkey
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3
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Han Z, Li J, Xu Z, Su Y, Wang Y, Zhuo L, Du J, Zhu C, Hao X. Design and synthesis of novel quinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors targeting AKR1B1. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200577. [PMID: 36707406 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of aldose reductase (AKR1B1) is a promising option for the treatment of diabetic complications. However, most of the developed small molecule inhibitors lack selectivity or suffer from low bioactivity. To address this limitation, a novel series of quinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors of AKR1B1 were designed and synthesized. Aldose reductase inhibitory activities of the novel compounds were characterized by IC50 values ranging from 0.015 to 31.497 μM. Markedly enhanced selectivity of these derivatives was also recorded, which was further supported by docking studies. Of these inhibitors, compound 5g exhibited the highest inhibition activity with selectivity indices reaching 1190.8. The structure-activity relationship highlighted the importance of N1-acetic acid and N3-benzyl groups with electron-withdrawing substituents on the quinazolin-4(1H)-one scaffold for the construction of efficient and selective AKR1B1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfei Han
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Zilu Xu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Yu Su
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Lili Zhuo
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Jiaming Du
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Changjin Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Hao
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
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Tassopoulou VP, Tzara A, Kourounakis AP. Design of Improved Antidiabetic Drugs: A Journey from Single to Multitarget Agents. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200320. [PMID: 36184571 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Multifactorial diseases exhibit a complex pathophysiology with several factors contributing to their pathogenesis and development. Examples of such disorders are neurodegenerative (e. g. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's) and cardiovascular diseases (e. g. atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, diabetes II). Traditional therapeutic approaches with single-target drugs have been proven, in many cases, unsatisfactory for the treatment of multifactorial diseases such as diabetes II. The well-established by now strategy of multitarget drugs is constantly gaining interest and momentum, as a more effective approach. The development of pharmacomolecules able to simultaneously modulate multiple relevant-to-the-disease targets has already several successful examples in various fields and has, as such, inspired the design of multitarget antidiabetic agents; this review highlights the design aspect and efficacy of this approach for improved antidiabetics by presenting several examples of successful pharmacophore combinations in (multitarget) agents that modulate two or more molecular targets involved in diabetes II, resulting in a superior antihyperglycemic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki-Panagiota Tassopoulou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Ariadni Tzara
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki P Kourounakis
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771, Athens, Greece
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5
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Wang M, Zhang Y, Yang X, Sun P. Phenanthrenequinone (PQ) catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling of alkanes with quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones and simple N-heteroarenes under visible light irradiation. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2467-2472. [PMID: 35262545 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00278g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A direct and convenient strategy to 3-alkylquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones and other alkyl N-heteroarenes via a photocatalyzed alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones and other N-heterocycles with commercially available, low-cost alkanes under ambient conditions using phenanthrenequinone (PQ) as a photocatalyst was developed. This transformation has advantages of environment-friendly protocol, mild conditions, good functional-group tolerance, and high yields of products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. .,Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education; Department of chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China.
| | - Yicheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education; Department of chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China.
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education; Department of chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China.
| | - Peipei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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6
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Jiang X, Wu K, Bai R, Zhang P, Zhang Y. Functionalized quinoxalinones as privileged structures with broad-ranging pharmacological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 229:114085. [PMID: 34998058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Quinoxalinones are a class of heterocyclic compounds which attract extensive attention owing to their potential in the field of organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. During the past few decades, many new synthetic strategies toward the functionalization of quinoxalinone based scaffolds have been witnessed. Regrettably, there are only a few reports on the pharmacological activities of quinoxalinone scaffolds from a medicinal chemistry perspective. Therefore, herein we intend to outline the applications of multifunctional quinoxalinones as privileged structures possessing various biological activities, including anticancer, neuroprotective, antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, anti-cardiovascular, anti-diabetes, antioxidation, etc. We hope that this review will facilitate the development of quinoxalinone derivatives in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Jiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China; College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Kaiyu Wu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Renren Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China.
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7
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Horgan C, O' Sullivan TP. Recent Developments in the Practical Application of Novel Carboxylic Acid Bioisosteres. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2203-2234. [PMID: 34420501 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210820112126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The carboxylic acid is an important functional group which features in the pharmacophore of some 450 drugs. Unfortunately, some carboxylic acid-containing drugs have been withdrawn from market due to unforeseen toxicity issues. Other issues associated with the carboxylate moiety include reduced metabolic stability or limited passive diffusion across biological membranes. Medicinal chemists often turn to bioisosteres to circumvent such obstacles. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the various applications of novel carboxylic acid bioisosteres which have appeared in the literature since 2013. RESULTS We have summarised the most recent developments in carboxylic acid bioisosterism. In particular, we focus on the changes in bioactivity, selectivity or physiochemical properties brought about by these substitutions, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each isostere. CONCLUSION The topics discussed herein highlight the continued interest in carboxylate bioisosteres. The development of novel carboxylic acid substitutes which display improved pharmacological profiles is testament to the innovation and creativity required to overcome the challenges faced in modern drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Horgan
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Cork. Ireland
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8
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Kiran, Rani P, Chahal S, Sindhu J, Kumar S, Varma RS, Singh R. Transition metal-free C-3 functionalization of quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones: recent advances and sanguine future. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03445f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A gradual shift from metal-catalyzed to metal-free methods is occurring, as the latter are more environmentally benign. This review discusses sustainable protocols for the construction of C–C, C–N, C–P, C–S, and C–O bonds via C–H functionalization of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Payal Rani
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Sandhya Chahal
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Jayant Sindhu
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Rajender S. Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rajvir Singh
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, India
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9
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Han Z, Qi G, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Yan K, Zhu C, Hao X. Novel 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives as dual inhibitor targeting AKR1B1/ROS for treatment of diabetic complications: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104428. [PMID: 33161249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AKR1B1 (Aldose reductase) has been used as therapeutic intervention target for treatment of diabetic complications over 50 years, and more recently for inflammation and cancer. However, most developed small molecule inhibitors have the defect of low bioactivity. To address this limitation, novel series of 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives as dual inhibitor targeting AKR1B1/ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) were designed and synthesized. Most of these derivatives were found to be potent and selective against AKR1B1, and compound 8a was the most active with an IC50 value of 0.035 μM. Moreover, some prepared derivatives showed strong anti-ROS activity, and among them the phenolic 3,5-dihydroxyl compound 8b was proved to be the most potent, even comparable to that of the well-known antioxidant Trolox at a concentration of 100 μM. Thus the results suggested a success in the construction of potent dual inhibitor for the therapeutic intervention target of AKR1B1/ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfei Han
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China; Department of Applied Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Qi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Junkai Zhu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Yundong Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Yin Xu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Kang Yan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Changjin Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Hao
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China.
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Kousaxidis A, Petrou A, Lavrentaki V, Fesatidou M, Nicolaou I, Geronikaki A. Aldose reductase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors as a promising therapeutic approach for diabetes mellitus. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112742. [PMID: 32871344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels and usually associated with several chronic pathologies. Aldose reductase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B enzymes have identified as two novel molecular targets associated with the onset and progression of type II diabetes and related comorbidities. Although many inhibitors against these enzymes have already found in the field of diabetic mellitus, the research for discovering more effective and selective agents with optimal pharmacokinetic properties continues. In addition, dual inhibition of these target proteins has proved as a promising therapeutic approach. A variety of diverse scaffolds are presented in this review for the future design of potent and selective inhibitors of aldose reductase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B based on the most important structural features of both enzymes. The discovery of novel dual aldose reductase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors could be effective therapeutic molecules for the treatment of insulin-resistant type II diabetes mellitus. The methods used comprise a literature survey and X-ray crystal structures derived from Protein Databank (PDB). Despite the available therapeutic options for type II diabetes mellitus, the inhibitors of aldose reductase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B could be two promising approaches for the effective treatment of hyperglycemia and diabetes-associated pathologies. Due to the poor pharmacokinetic profile and low in vivo efficacy of existing inhibitors of both targets, the research turned to more selective and cell-permeable agents as well as multi-target molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Kousaxidis
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Anthi Petrou
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Lavrentaki
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Maria Fesatidou
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Ioannis Nicolaou
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.
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