1
|
Soni JP, Nikitha Reddy G, Rahman Z, Sharma A, Spandana A, Phanindranath R, Dandekar MP, Nagesh N, Shankaraiah N. Synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of DNA-interactive β-carboline indolyl-3-glyoxamide derivatives: Topo-II inhibition and in silico modelling studies. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106313. [PMID: 36516521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In a quest for effective cancer targeted drug therapy, a series of new β-carboline tethered indole-3-glyoxylamide derivatives, conjoining salient pharmacophoric properties with prominent cytotoxicity, were synthesized. The in vitro cytotoxic ability of the compounds was established, and many of the compounds exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity (IC50 < 10 μM) on human cancer cell lines like HCT116, A549, SK-MEL-28, and MCF7. Precisely, compound 12x expressed the best cytotoxic potential against melanoma cancer cell line (SK-MEL-28) with an IC50 value of 4.37 μM. In addition, cytotoxicity evaluation against normal kidney cell line (NRK52E) entrenched the cytospecificity and selectivity index of 12x. The traditional apoptosis assays advised morphological and nuclear alterations such as apoptotic body formation, condensed/horseshoe-shaped/fragmented nuclei, and generation of ROS. The flow cytometric analysis revealed significant early and slight late-stage induction of apoptosis. The target-based physiochemical assays indicated the ability of compound 12x to bind with DNA and inhibition of Topoisomerase II. Moreover, molecular modeling studies affirm the excellent DNA intercalation potential and stabilized interactions of 12x with DNA base pairs. In silico prediction of physicochemical parameters revealed the promising drug-like properties of the synthesized derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Soni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - G Nikitha Reddy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Ziaur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Anamika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Akella Spandana
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Medical Biotechnology Complex, ANNEXE II, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Regur Phanindranath
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Medical Biotechnology Complex, ANNEXE II, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India.
| | - Narayana Nagesh
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Medical Biotechnology Complex, ANNEXE II, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dual-target inhibitors based on PARP1: new trend in the development of anticancer research. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:511-525. [PMID: 35257598 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP1 is a hot target, and its inhibitors have been approved for cancer therapy. However, some undesirable properties restrict the application of PARP1 inhibitors, including drug resistance, side effects and low efficiency. For multifactorial diseases, dual-target drugs have exhibited excellent synergistic effects, such as reduced drug resistance, low side effects and high therapeutic efficacy, by simultaneously regulating the main pathogenic and compensatory signal pathways of diseases. In recent years, several dual-target inhibitors based on PARP1 have been reported and have demonstrated unique advantages. In this review we summarize the research progress in dual-target inhibitors based on PARP1 and discuss the related drug design strategies and structure-activity relationships. This work is expected to provide references for the development of PARP1 inhibitors.
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu S, Liu X, Wu J, Zhou W, Ni M, Meng Z, Jia S, Zhang J, Guo S, Lu S, Li Y. Identification of candidate biomarkers correlated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer via integrated bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23153. [PMID: 33285689 PMCID: PMC7717725 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was carried out to identify potential key genes associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer (BC). METHODS Seven GEO datasets (GSE24124, GSE32641, GSE36295, GSE42568, GSE53752, GSE70947, GSE109169) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BC and normal breast tissue samples were screened by an integrated analysis of multiple gene expression profile datasets. Hub genes related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of BC were verified by employing protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. RESULTS Ten hub genes with high degree were identified, including CDK1, CDC20, CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNB2, BUB1, BUB1B, CDCA8, KIF11, and TOP2A. Lastly, the Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) online database demonstrated that higher expression levels of these genes were related to lower overall survival. Experimental validation showed that all 10 hub genes had the same expression trend as predicted. CONCLUSION The findings of this research would provide some directive significance for further investigating the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to facilitate the molecular targeting therapy of BC, which could be used as a new biomarker for diagnosis and to guide the combination medicine of BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Xinkui Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Mengwei Ni
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Ziqi Meng
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Siyu Guo
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Yingfei Li
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimen, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tokala R, Sana S, Lakshmi UJ, Sankarana P, Sigalapalli DK, Gadewal N, Kode J, Shankaraiah N. Design and synthesis of thiadiazolo-carboxamide bridged β-carboline-indole hybrids: DNA intercalative topo-IIα inhibition with promising antiproliferative activity. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104357. [PMID: 33091673 PMCID: PMC7543778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The conjoining of salient pharmacophoric properties directing the development of prominent cytotoxic agents was executed by constructing thiadiazolo-carboxamide bridged β-carboline-indole hybrids. On the evaluation of in vitro cytotoxic potential, 12c exhibited prodigious cytotoxicity among the synthesized new molecules 12a-k, with an IC50 < 5 μM in all the tested cancer cell lines (A549, MDA-MB-231, BT-474, HCT-116, THP-1) and the best cytotoxic potential was expressed in lung cancer cell line (A549) with an IC50 value of 2.82 ± 0.10 μM. Besides, another compound 12a also displayed impressive cytotoxicity against A549 cell line (IC50: 3.00 ± 1.40 μM). Further target-based assay of these two compounds 12c and 12a revealed their potential as DNA intercalative topoisomerase-IIα inhibitors. Additionally, the antiproliferative activity of compound 12c was measured in A549 cells by traditional apoptosis assays revealing the nuclear, morphological alterations, and depolarization of membrane potential in mitochondria and externalization of phosphatidylserine in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis unveiled the G0/G1 phase inhibition and wound healing assay inferred the inhibition of in vitro cell migration by compound 12c in lung cancer cells. Remarkably, the safety profile of compound 12c was disclosed by screening against normal human lung epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B: IC50: 71.2 ± 7.95 μM) with a selectivity index range of 14.9-25.26. Moreover, Molecular modeling studies affirm the intercalative binding of compound 12c and 12a in the active pocket of topo-IIα. Furthermore, in silico prediction of physico-chemical parameters divulged the propitious drug-like properties of the synthesized derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Tokala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Sravani Sana
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Uppu Jaya Lakshmi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Prasanthi Sankarana
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Dilep Kumar Sigalapalli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Nikhil Gadewal
- Bioinformatics Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Jyoti Kode
- Tumor Immunology & Immunotherapy Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; Homi-Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tokala R, Mahajan S, Kiranmai G, Sigalapalli DK, Sana S, John SE, Nagesh N, Shankaraiah N. Development of β-carboline-benzothiazole hybrids via carboxamide formation as cytotoxic agents: DNA intercalative topoisomerase IIα inhibition and apoptosis induction. Bioorg Chem 2020; 106:104481. [PMID: 33261848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In quest of promising anticancer agents, the pharmacophores of natural (β-carboline) and synthetic origin (benzothiazole) were adjoined by a carboxamide bridge and three-point diversification was accomplished. The in vitro cytotoxic ability of the compounds was established on adherent and suspension human cancer cell lines and compounds 8u and 8f advanced as pre-eminent molecules with IC50 values of 1.46 and 1.81 μM respectively in A549 cell line. The cytospecificity was entrenched for potent compounds 8u and 8f by evaluating against normal human lung epithelial cells and selectivity index was calculated. Furthermore, EtBr displacement, relative viscosity and gel-based topoisomerase II target assays unveiled the intercalative topo-II inhibitory capability and DNA binding studies (absorbance) revealed the dissociation constant (Kd) for compounds 8u and 8f as 98 and 103 μM respectively. Additionally, cell-based flow cytometric assays like Annexin-V/PI dual staining aids in the quantification of apoptosis induced and JC-1 staining disclosed the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential by compound 8u in A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, wound healing assay established the inhibition of in vitro cell migration by compound 8u on A549 cells. In addition, molecular docking studies proved the binding of compounds 8u and 8f in the active site of DNA complexed with topo IIα and stabilized by interactions with DNA base pairs and amino acid residues. Remarkably, the compounds 8u and 8f follow Lipinski's rule of five and are in the recommended range for Jorgensen's rule of three with a minimal violation and other pharmacokinetic parameters revealing druggability of the synthesized hybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Tokala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Surbhi Mahajan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Gaddam Kiranmai
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Medical Biotechnology Complex, ANNEXE II, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Dilep Kumar Sigalapalli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Sravani Sana
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Stephy Elza John
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Narayana Nagesh
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Medical Biotechnology Complex, ANNEXE II, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang W, Wang S, Pan L. Identification of key differentially expressed mRNAs and microRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer using bioinformatics analysis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3720-3732. [PMID: 32855723 PMCID: PMC7444408 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of NSCLC remains to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the differential expression of mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in NSCLC and to determine how these RNA molecules interact with one another to affect disease progression. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified from the GSE18842, GSE32863 and GSE29250 datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO database). Functional and pathway enrichment analysis were performed based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. STRING, Cytoscape and MCODE were applied to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and to screen hub genes. The interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs were predicted using miRWalk 3.0 and a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed. The prognostic value of the identified hub genes was then evaluated via Kaplan-Meier survival analyses using datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A total of 782 DEGs and 46 DEMs were identified from the 3 GEO datasets. The enriched pathways and functions of the DEGs and target genes of the DEMs included osteoclast differentiation, cell adhesion, response to a drug, plasma membrane, extracellular exosome and protein binding. A subnetwork composed of 11 genes was extracted from the PPI network and the genes in this subnetwork were mainly involved in the cell cycle, cell division and DNA replication. A miRNA-gene regulatory network was constructed with 247 miRNA-gene pairs based on 6 DEMs and 210 DEGs. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the expression of ubiquitin E2 ligase C, cell division cycle protein 20, DNA topoisomerase IIα, aurora kinase A and B, cyclin B2, maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase, slit guidance ligand 3, phosphoglucomutase 5, endomucin, cysteine dioxygenase type 1, dihydropyrimidinase-like 2, miR-130b, miR-1181 and miR-127 was significantly associated with overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. In the present study, a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in NSCLC was established, which may provide future avenues for scientific exploration and therapeutic targeting of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dong S, Liang J, Zhai W, Yu Z. Common and distinct features of potentially predictive biomarkers in small cell lung carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung by systematic and integrated analysis. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1126. [PMID: 31981472 PMCID: PMC7057089 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung (LCNEC) and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) are neuroendocrine neoplasms. However, the underlying mechanisms of common and distinct genetic characteristics between LCNEC and SCLC are currently unclear. Herein, protein expression profiles and possible interactions with miRNAs were provided by integrated bioinformatics analysis, in order to explore core genes associated with tumorigenesis and prognosis in SCLC and LCNEC. METHODS GSE1037 gene expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LCNEC and SCLC, as compared with normal lung tissues, were selected using the GEO2R online analyzer and Venn diagram software. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was performed using Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. The biological pathway analysis was performed using the FunRich database. Subsequently, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was generated using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes and displayed via Cytoscape software. The PPI network was analyzed by the Molecular Complex Detection app from Cytoscape, and 16 upregulated hub genes were selected. The Oncomine database was used to detect expression patterns of hub genes for validation. Furthermore, the biological pathways of these 16 hub genes were re-analyzed, and potential interactions between these genes and miRNAs were explored via FunRich. RESULTS A total of 384 DEGs were identified. A Venn diagram determined 88 common DEGs. The PPI network was constructed with 48 nodes and 221 protein pairs. Among them, 16 hub genes were extracted, 14 of which were upregulated in SCLC samples, as compared with normal lung specimens, and 10 were correlated with the cell cycle pathway. Furthermore, 57 target miRNAs for 8 hub genes were identified, among which 31 miRNAs were correlated with the progression of carcinoma, drug-resistance, radio-sensitivity, or autophagy in lung cancer. CONCLUSION This study provided effective biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for diagnosis and prognosis of SCLC and LCNEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenghua Dong
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Zhai
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhuang Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ni M, Liu X, Wu J, Zhang D, Tian J, Wang T, Liu S, Meng Z, Wang K, Duan X, Zhou W, Zhang X. Identification of Candidate Biomarkers Correlated With the Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer via Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Genet 2018; 9:469. [PMID: 30369945 PMCID: PMC6194157 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80-85% of all patients with lung cancer and 5-year relative overall survival (OS) rate is less than 20%, so that identifying novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is urgently demanded. The present study attempted to identify potential key genes associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of NSCLC. Methods: Four GEO datasets (GSE18842, GSE19804, GSE43458, and GSE62113) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between NSCLC samples and normal ones were analyzed using limma package, and RobustRankAggreg (RRA) package was used to conduct gene integration. Moreover, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database (STRING), Cytoscape, and Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) were utilized to establish protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of these DEGs. Furthermore, functional enrichment and pathway enrichment analyses for DEGs were performed by Funrich and OmicShare. While the expressions and prognostic values of top genes were carried out through Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Kaplan Meier-plotter (KM) online dataset. Results: A total of 249 DEGs (113 upregulated and 136 downregulated) were identified after gene integration. Moreover, the PPI network was established with 166 nodes and 1784 protein pairs. Topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), a top gene and hub node with higher node degrees in module 1, was significantly enriched in mitotic cell cycle pathway. In addition, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was enriched in amb2 integrin signaling pathway. The mitotic cell cycle was the most significant pathway in module 1 with the highest P-value. Besides, five hub genes with high degree of connectivity were selected, including TOP2A, CCNB1, CCNA2, UBE2C, and KIF20A, and they were all correlated with worse OS in NSCLC. Conclusion: The results showed that TOP2A, CCNB1, CCNA2, UBE2C, KIF20A, and IL-6 may be potential key genes, while the mitotic cell cycle pathway may be a potential pathway contribute to progression in NSCLC. Further, it could be used as a new biomarker for diagnosis and to direct the synthesis medicine of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Ni
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinkui Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyu Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqi Meng
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kaihuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojiao Duan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-amidobenzimidazole acridine derivatives as dual PARP and Topo inhibitors for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:1135-1146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
10
|
Węsierska-Gądek J, Mauritz M, Mitulovic G, Cupo M. Differential Potential of Pharmacological PARP Inhibitors for Inhibiting Cell Proliferation and Inducing Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2824-39. [PMID: 25981734 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1/2-mutant cells are hypersensitive to inactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1). We recently showed that inhibition of PARP-1 by NU1025 is strongly cytotoxic for BRCA1-positive BT-20 cells, but not BRCA1-deficient SKBr-3 cells. These results raised the possibility that other PARP-1 inhibitors, particularly those tested in clinical trials, may be more efficacious against BRCA1-deficient SKBr-3 breast cancer cells than NU1025. Thus, in the presented study the cytotoxicity of four PARP inhibitors under clinical evaluation (olaparib, rucaparib, iniparib and AZD2461) was examined and compared to that of NU1025. The sensitivity of breast cancer cells to the PARP-1 inhibition strongly varied. Remarkably, BRCA-1-deficient SKBr-3 cells were almost completely insensitive to NU1025, olaparib and rucaparib, whereas BRCA1-expressing BT-20 cells were strongly affected by NU1025 even at low doses. In contrast, iniparib and AZD2461 were cytotoxic for both BT-20 and SKBr-3 cells. Of the four tested PARP-1 inhibitors only AZD2461 strongly affected cell cycle progression. Interestingly, the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic potential of the tested PARP-1 inhibitors clearly correlated with their capacity to damage DNA. Further analyses revealed that proteomic signatures of the two studied breast cancer cell lines strongly differ, and a set of 197 proteins was differentially expressed in NU1025-treated BT-20 cancer cells. These results indicate that BT-20 cells may harbor an unknown defect in DNA repair pathway(s) rendering them sensitive to PARP-1 inhibition. They also imply that therapeutic applicability of PARP-1 inhibitors is not limited to BRCA mutation carriers but can be extended to patients harboring deficiencies in other components of the pathway(s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Józefa Węsierska-Gądek
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cell Cycle Regulation Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Mauritz
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cell Cycle Regulation Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Goran Mitulovic
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine Proteomics Core Facility, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Maria Cupo
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cell Cycle Regulation Group, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
EGCG regulates the cross-talk between JWA and topoisomerase IIα in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11009. [PMID: 26046674 PMCID: PMC4457146 DOI: 10.1038/srep11009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a well-known cancer chemopreventive agent. The potential mechanisms include regulation of multiple molecules. Carcinogenesis in lung cancer is related to the imbalance of tumor suppressor and oncogene. JWA is a structurally novel microtubule-binding protein and is a potential tumor suppressor. DNA topoisomerase IIα is a nuclear enzyme that governs DNA topology and is usually highly expressed in many types of cancer. It serves as a target of anticancer drugs. In the current study, the regulation of JWA and topoisomerase IIα by EGCG, and thereafter the mutual interaction between them was investigated. The results revealed that EGCG up-regulated JWA while decreased topoisomerase IIα expression in both human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and an NSCLC xenograft mice model. There was a negative correlation between JWA and topoisomerase IIα in NSCLC as well as in human NSCLC tissue specimens. Topoisomerase IIα overexpression reduced JWA at the translational level. Meanwhile, JWA-induced topoisomerase IIα degradation was regulated both in the transcriptional and post-translational level. Interestingly, JWA and topoisomerase IIα regulated each other in the cells arrested in G2/M. Furthermore, JWA and topoisomerase IIα synergistically affected NCI-H460 cells invasion. These results may serve a novel mechanism for cancer prevention.
Collapse
|
12
|
Xiong T, Chen X, Wei H, Xiao H. Influence of PJ34 on the genotoxicity induced by melphalan in human multiple myeloma cells. Arch Med Sci 2015; 11:301-6. [PMID: 25995744 PMCID: PMC4424240 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2014.43164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential biological activity of N-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydrophenanthridin-2-yl)-(N,N-dimethylamino)acetamide hydrochloride (PJ34) on the genotoxicity induced by melphalan in human multiple myeloma cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS The inhibitory effects of the drugs on the growth of RPMI8226 cells were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The expression of Fanconi anemia/breast cancer (FA/BRCA) pathway related genes was determined by western blot analysis. Cell cycle phase and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Coadministration of PJ34 and melphalan had additional effects on cell cycle distribution and enhanced apoptosis of RPMI8226 cells. PJ34 plus melphalan inhibited cell-cycle progression, as evidenced by the increased proportion of cells in the G2/M phase with the decreasing proportion of cells in the G0/1 and S phases. RESULTS However, no significant synergistic effect of PJ34 and melphalan on cell proliferation was observed. These effects were accompanied by inhibition of the FA/BRCA pathway by downregulation of Fanconi D2 (FANCD2) protein expression. The results showed that treatment with 60 µmol/l of PJ34 previously to melphalan administration increased cell apoptosis. Pretreatment also caused cell cycle arrest. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that enhancement of melphalan efficacy may be best achieved by the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitor PJ34. The effects of PJ34 are associated with inhibition of the FA/BRCA pathway, increased apoptosis percentage, and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Administration of PJ34 has been shown to protect DNA from damage induced by melphalan. This corroborates the biological activities of PJ34 and points to the need for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiong
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Wei
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Węsierska-Gądek J, Heinzl S. Interactions Between Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase Inhibition, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 Inhibition and BRCA1 Status in Breast Cancer Cells. J Cancer Prev 2014; 19:125-36. [PMID: 25337581 PMCID: PMC4204161 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2014.19.2.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cells harboring BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations are hypersensitive to inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). We recently showed that interference with PARP-1 activity by NU1025 is strongly cytotoxic for BRCA1-positive BT-20 cells but not BRCA1-deficient SKBr-3 cells. These unexpected observations prompted speculation that other PARP-1 inhibitor(s) may be more cytotoxic towards SKBr-3 cells. In addition, interference with the DNA damage signaling pathway via (for instance) Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase inhibition may induce synthetic lethality in DNA repair-deficient breast cancer cells and pharmacological interference with ATM activity may sensitize breast cancer cells to PARP-1 inactivation. METHODS We determined drug cytotoxicity in human MCF-7 and SKBr-3 breast cancer cells using the CellTiterGLO Luminescent cell viability assay and a Tecan multi-label, multitask plate counter to measure generated luminescence. Changes in cell cycle progression were monitored by flow cytometric measurement of DNA content in cells stained with propidium iodide. RESULTS Unlike NU1025, AZD2461, a new PARP-1 inhibitor, markedly reduced the numbers of living MCF-7 and SKBr-3 cells. ATM kinase inhibition (CP466722) was also cytotoxic for both MCF-7 and SKBr-3 cells. Furthermore, AZD2461 enhanced the cytotoxicity of CP466722 in both cell lines by inducing apoptosis, and concurrent inhibition of ATM and PARP-1 reduced cell proliferation more strongly than either single treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that inhibition of PARP-1 by AZD2461 is synthetically lethal for NU1025-resistant MCF-7 and SKBr-3 breast cancer cells. They also indicate that DNA damage signaling is essential for survival of both SKBr-3 and MCF-7 cells, especially after inactivation of PARP-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Józefa Węsierska-Gądek
- Cell Cycle Regulation Group, Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Heinzl
- Cell Cycle Regulation Group, Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Interview: Interview with Future Medicinal Chemistry’s US Senior Editor, Iwao Ojima. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:2019-22. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Professor Iwao Ojima studied at the University of Tokyo (Japan) before being appointed as a Senior Research Fellow and Group Leader at the Sagami Institute of Chemical Research. He is now Director of the Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery at State University of New York (USA) and has been a visiting professor in European, North American and Asian academic institutions. Professor Ojima agreed to serve as the US Senior Editor of Future Medicinal Chemistry when it launched in 2009 and continues to provide his expertise to the journal. Professor Ojima spoke to Future Medicinal Chemistry about why medicinal chemistry is such an exciting field to work in, the state of the pharmaceutical industry, and what features and issues make this journal unique. Interview conducted by Isaac Bruce, Commissioning Editor.
Collapse
|
15
|
Węsierska-Gądek J, Zulehner N, Ferk F, Składanowski A, Komina O, Maurer M. PARP inhibition potentiates the cytotoxic activity of C-1305, a selective inhibitor of topoisomerase II, in human BRCA1-positive breast cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 84:1318-31. [PMID: 22906755 PMCID: PMC3494830 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Two cellular proteins encoded by the breast and ovarian cancer type 1 susceptibility (BRCA1 and BRCA2) tumor suppressor genes are essential for DNA integrity and the maintenance of genomic stability. Approximately 5–10% of breast and ovarian cancers result from inherited alterations or mutations in these genes. Remarkably, BRCA1/BRCA2-deficient cells are hypersensitive to selective inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 (PARP-1), whose primary functions are related to DNA base excision repair; PARP-1 inhibition significantly potentiates the cytotoxicity of various anti-cancer drugs, including inhibitors of topoisomerase I and II. In the present study, we examined the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of C-1305, a selective inhibitor of topoisomerase II, on human breast cancer cell lines with different BRCA1 and p53 statuses. BRCA1-competent breast cancer cell lines exhibited different responses to topoisomerase II inhibition. BT-20 cells that express high levels of BRCA1 levels were most resistant to C-1305 than other tested cells. Surprisingly, pharmacological interference with PARP-1 activity strongly inhibited their proliferation and potentiated the efficacy of C-1305 treatment. In contrast, PARP-1 inhibition only weakly affected the proliferation of BRCA1-deficient SKBr-3 cells and was not synergistic with the effects of C-1305. Further experiments revealed that the inhibition of PARP-1 in BT-20 cells caused the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and induced caspase-3 dependent apoptosis. These results seem to indicate that PARP-1 inhibition can potentiate the cytotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs in cancer cells with functional BRCA1 and suggest that mutations in other DNA repair proteins may render cancer cells more sensitive to interference with PARP-1 activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Józefa Węsierska-Gądek
- Cell Cycle Regulation Group, Dept. of Medicine I, Div.: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|