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Orwig SD, Chi PV, Du Y, Hill SE, Cavitt MA, Suntharalingam A, Turnage KC, Dickey CA, France S, Fu H, Lieberman RL. Ligands for glaucoma-associated myocilin discovered by a generic binding assay. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:517-25. [PMID: 24279319 DOI: 10.1021/cb4007776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the olfactomedin domain of myocilin (myoc-OLF) are the strongest link to inherited primary open angle glaucoma. In this recently identified protein misfolding disorder, aggregation-prone disease variants of myocilin hasten glaucoma-associated elevation of intraocular pressure, leading to vision loss. Despite its well-documented pathogenic role, myocilin remains a domain of unknown structure or function. Here we report the first small-molecule ligands that bind to the native state of myoc-OLF. To discover these molecules, we designed a general label-free, mix-and-measure, high throughput chemical assay for restabilization (CARS), which is likely readily adaptable to discover ligands for other proteins. Of the 14 hit molecules identified from screening myoc-OLF against the Sigma-Aldrich Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds using CARS, surface plasmon resonance binding studies reveal three are stoichiometric ligand scaffolds with low micromolar affinity. Two compounds, GW5074 and apigenin, inhibit myoc-OLF amyloid formation in vitro. Structure-activity relationship-based soluble derivatives reduce aggregation in vitro as well as enhance secretion of full-length mutant myocilin in a cell culture model. Our compounds set the stage for a new chemical probe approach to clarify the biological function of wild-type myocilin and represent lead therapeutic compounds for diminishing intracellular sequestration of toxic mutant myocilin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan D. Orwig
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Pamela V. Chi
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Yuhong Du
- Department
of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Shannon E. Hill
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Marchello A. Cavitt
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Amrithaa Suntharalingam
- Department
of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave. Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
| | - Katherine C. Turnage
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Chad A. Dickey
- Department
of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave. Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
| | - Stefan France
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Haian Fu
- Department
of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Raquel L. Lieberman
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
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Keep your eyes open: challenges and opportunities in ophthalmic therapeutics. Future Med Chem 2012. [PMID: 23190095 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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