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Riepe C, Wąchalska M, Deol KK, Amaya AK, Porteus MH, Olzmann JA, Kopito RR. Small-molecule correctors divert CFTR-F508del from ERAD by stabilizing sequential folding states. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar15. [PMID: 38019608 PMCID: PMC10881158 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-08-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 80% of people with cystic fibrosis (CF) carry the F508del mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride ion channel at the apical plasma membrane (PM) of epithelial cells. F508del impairs CFTR folding causing it to be destroyed by endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD). Small-molecule correctors, which act as pharmacological chaperones to divert CFTR-F508del from ERAD, are the primary strategy for treating CF, yet corrector development continues with only a rudimentary understanding of how ERAD targets CFTR-F508del. We conducted genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screens to systematically identify the molecular machinery that underlies CFTR-F508del ERAD. Although the ER-resident ubiquitin ligase, RNF5 was the top E3 hit, knocking out RNF5 only modestly reduced CFTR-F508del degradation. Sublibrary screens in an RNF5 knockout background identified RNF185 as a redundant ligase and demonstrated that CFTR-F508del ERAD is robust. Gene-drug interaction experiments illustrated that correctors tezacaftor (VX-661) and elexacaftor (VX-445) stabilize sequential, RNF5-resistant folding states. We propose that binding of correctors to nascent CFTR-F508del alters its folding landscape by stabilizing folding states that are not substrates for RNF5-mediated ubiquitylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Riepe
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Magda Wąchalska
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Kirandeep K. Deol
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Network, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Anais K. Amaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | | | - James A. Olzmann
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Network, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Ron R. Kopito
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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Riepe C, Wąchalska M, Deol KK, Amaya AK, Porteus MH, Olzmann JA, Kopito RR. Small molecule correctors divert CFTR-F508del from ERAD by stabilizing sequential folding states. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.15.556420. [PMID: 37745470 PMCID: PMC10515913 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.15.556420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Over 80% of people with cystic fibrosis (CF) carry the F508del mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride ion channel at the apical plasma membrane (PM) of epithelial cells. F508del impairs CFTR folding causing it to be destroyed by endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD). Small molecule correctors, which act as pharmacological chaperones to divert CFTR-F508del from ERAD, are the primary strategy for treating CF, yet corrector development continues with only a rudimentary understanding of how ERAD targets CFTR-F508del. We conducted genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screens to systematically identify the molecular machinery that underlies CFTR-F508del ERAD. Although the ER-resident ubiquitin ligase, RNF5 was the top E3 hit, knocking out RNF5 only modestly reduced CFTR-F508del degradation. Sublibrary screens in an RNF5 knockout background identified RNF185 as a redundant ligase, demonstrating that CFTR-F508del ERAD is highly buffered. Gene-drug interaction experiments demonstrated that correctors tezacaftor (VX-661) and elexacaftor (VX-445) stabilize sequential, RNF5-resistant folding states. We propose that binding of correctors to nascent CFTR-F508del alters its folding landscape by stabilizing folding states that are not substrates for RNF5-mediated ubiquitylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Riepe
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 94305
| | - Magda Wąchalska
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 94305
| | - Kirandeep K. Deol
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA 94720
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA 94720
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA 94158
| | - Anais K. Amaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 94305
| | | | - James A. Olzmann
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA 94720
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA 94720
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA 94158
| | - Ron R. Kopito
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 94305
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Grasso D, Galderisi S, Santucci A, Bernini A. Pharmacological Chaperones and Protein Conformational Diseases: Approaches of Computational Structural Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065819. [PMID: 36982893 PMCID: PMC10054308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Whenever a protein fails to fold into its native structure, a profound detrimental effect is likely to occur, and a disease is often developed. Protein conformational disorders arise when proteins adopt abnormal conformations due to a pathological gene variant that turns into gain/loss of function or improper localization/degradation. Pharmacological chaperones are small molecules restoring the correct folding of a protein suitable for treating conformational diseases. Small molecules like these bind poorly folded proteins similarly to physiological chaperones, bridging non-covalent interactions (hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and van der Waals contacts) loosened or lost due to mutations. Pharmacological chaperone development involves, among other things, structural biology investigation of the target protein and its misfolding and refolding. Such research can take advantage of computational methods at many stages. Here, we present an up-to-date review of the computational structural biology tools and approaches regarding protein stability evaluation, binding pocket discovery and druggability, drug repurposing, and virtual ligand screening. The tools are presented as organized in an ideal workflow oriented at pharmacological chaperones' rational design, also with the treatment of rare diseases in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Grasso
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Galderisi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Bernini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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A robust bacterial high-throughput screening system to evaluate single nucleotide polymorphisms of human homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase in the context of alkaptonuria. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19452. [PMID: 36376482 PMCID: PMC9663557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare inborn error of metabolism caused by a defective homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (HGD), an enzyme involved in the tyrosine degradation pathway. Loss of HGD function leads to the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA) in connective body tissues in a process called ochronosis, which results on the long term in an early-onset and severe osteoarthropathy. HGD's quaternary structure is known to be easily disrupted by missense mutations, which makes them an interesting target for novel treatment strategies that aim to rescue enzyme activity. However, only prediction models are available providing information on a structural basis. Therefore, an E. coli based whole-cell screening was developed to evaluate HGD missense variants in 96-well microtiter plates. The screening principle is based on HGD's ability to convert the oxidation sensitive HGA into maleylacetoacetate. More precisely, catalytic activity could be deduced from pyomelanin absorbance measurements, derived from the auto-oxidation of remaining HGA. Optimized screening conditions comprised several E. coli expression strains, varied expression temperatures and varied substrate concentrations. In addition, plate uniformity, signal variability and spatial uniformity were investigated and optimized. Finally, eight HGD missense variants were generated via site-directed mutagenesis and evaluated with the developed high-throughput screening (HTS) assay. For the HTS assay, quality parameters passed the minimum acceptance criterion for Z' values > 0.4 and single window values > 2. We found that activity percentages versus wildtype HGD were 70.37 ± 3.08% (for M368V), 68.78 ± 6.40% (for E42A), 58.15 ± 1.16% (for A122V), 69.07 ± 2.26% (for Y62C), 35.26 ± 1.90% (for G161R), 35.86 ± 1.14% (for P230S), 23.43 ± 4.63% (for G115R) and 19.57 ± 11.00% (for G361R). To conclude, a robust, simple, and cost-effective HTS system was developed to reliably evaluate and distinguish human HGD missense variants by their HGA consumption ability. This HGA quantification assay may lay the foundation for the development of novel treatment strategies for missense variants in AKU.
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GCase Enhancers: A Potential Therapeutic Option for Gaucher Disease and Other Neurological Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070823. [PMID: 35890122 PMCID: PMC9325019 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical chaperones (PCs) are small compounds able to bind and stabilize misfolded proteins, allowing them to recover their native folding and thus their biological activity. In particular, lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), a class of metabolic disorders due to genetic mutations that result in misfolded lysosomal enzymes, can strongly benefit from the use of PCs able to facilitate their translocation to the lysosomes. This results in a recovery of their catalytic activity. No PC for the GCase enzyme (lysosomal acid-β-glucosidase, or glucocerebrosidase) has reached the market yet, despite the importance of this enzyme not only for Gaucher disease, the most common LSD, but also for neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease. This review aims to describe the efforts made by the scientific community in the last 7 years (since 2015) in order to identify new PCs for the GCase enzyme, which have been mainly identified among glycomimetic-based compounds.
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Yadav K, Yadav A, Vashistha P, Pandey VP, Dwivedi UN. Protein Misfolding Diseases and Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 20:1226-1245. [PMID: 31187709 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190610092840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein folding is the process by which a polypeptide chain acquires its functional, native 3D structure. Protein misfolding, on the other hand, is a process in which protein fails to fold into its native functional conformation. This misfolding of proteins may lead to precipitation of a number of serious diseases such as Cystic Fibrosis (CF), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) etc. Protein Quality-control (PQC) systems, consisting of molecular chaperones, proteases and regulatory factors, help in protein folding and prevent its aggregation. At the same time, PQC systems also do sorting and removal of improperly folded polypeptides. Among the major types of PQC systems involved in protein homeostasis are cytosolic, Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial ones. The cytosol PQC system includes a large number of component chaperones, such as Nascent-polypeptide-associated Complex (NAC), Hsp40, Hsp70, prefoldin and T Complex Protein-1 (TCP-1) Ring Complex (TRiC). Protein misfolding diseases caused due to defective cytosolic PQC system include diseases involving keratin/collagen proteins, cardiomyopathies, phenylketonuria, PD and ALS. The components of PQC system of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) include Binding immunoglobulin Protein (BiP), Calnexin (CNX), Calreticulin (CRT), Glucose-regulated Protein GRP94, the thiol-disulphide oxidoreductases, Protein Disulphide Isomerase (PDI) and ERp57. ER-linked misfolding diseases include CF and Familial Neurohypophyseal Diabetes Insipidus (FNDI). The components of mitochondrial PQC system include mitochondrial chaperones such as the Hsp70, the Hsp60/Hsp10 and a set of proteases having AAA+ domains similar to the proteasome that are situated in the matrix or the inner membrane. Protein misfolding diseases caused due to defective mitochondrial PQC system include medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD)/Short-chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (SCAD) deficiency diseases, hereditary spastic paraplegia. Among therapeutic approaches towards the treatment of various protein misfolding diseases, chaperones have been suggested as potential therapeutic molecules for target based treatment. Chaperones have been advantageous because of their efficient entry and distribution inside the cells, including specific cellular compartments, in therapeutic concentrations. Based on the chemical nature of the chaperones used for therapeutic purposes, molecular, chemical and pharmacological classes of chaperones have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusum Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Anurag Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Sardar Krushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Banaskantha, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Veda P Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Upendra N Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, U.P, India.,Institute for Development of Advanced Computing, ONGC Centre for Advanced Studies, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, U.P., India
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Liguori L, Monticelli M, Allocca M, Hay Mele B, Lukas J, Cubellis MV, Andreotti G. Pharmacological Chaperones: A Therapeutic Approach for Diseases Caused by Destabilizing Missense Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020489. [PMID: 31940970 PMCID: PMC7014102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The term “pharmacological chaperone” was introduced 20 years ago. Since then the approach with this type of drug has been proposed for several diseases, lysosomal storage disorders representing the most popular targets. The hallmark of a pharmacological chaperone is its ability to bind a protein specifically and stabilize it. This property can be beneficial for curing diseases that are associated with protein mutants that are intrinsically active but unstable. The total activity of the affected proteins in the cell is lower than normal because they are cleared by the quality control system. Although most pharmacological chaperones are reversible competitive inhibitors or antagonists of their target proteins, the inhibitory activity is neither required nor desirable. This issue is well documented by specific examples among which those concerning Fabry disease. Direct specific binding is not the only mechanism by which small molecules can rescue mutant proteins in the cell. These drugs and the properly defined pharmacological chaperones can work together with different and possibly synergistic modes of action to revert a disease phenotype caused by an unstable protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Liguori
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (L.L.); (M.A.)
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare–CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Maria Monticelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Mariateresa Allocca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (L.L.); (M.A.)
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare–CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Bruno Hay Mele
- Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Jan Lukas
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht-Kossel”, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany;
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Maria Vittoria Cubellis
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare–CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-679118; Fax: +39-081-679233
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Disorders of FZ-CRD; insights towards FZ-CRD folding and therapeutic landscape. Mol Med 2019; 26:4. [PMID: 31892318 PMCID: PMC6938638 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ER is hub for protein folding. Proteins that harbor a Frizzled cysteine-rich domain (FZ-CRD) possess 10 conserved cysteine motifs held by a unique disulfide bridge pattern which attains a correct fold in the ER. Little is known about implications of disease-causing missense mutations within FZ-CRD families. Mutations in FZ-CRD of Frizzled class receptor 4 (FZD4) and Muscle, skeletal, receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) and Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) cause Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome (CMS), and Robinow Syndrome (RS) respectively. We highlight reported pathogenic inherited missense mutations in FZ-CRD of FZD4, MuSK and ROR2 which misfold, and traffic abnormally in the ER, with ER-associated degradation (ERAD) as a common pathogenic mechanism for disease. Our review shows that all studied FZ-CRD mutants of RS, FEVR and CMS result in misfolded proteins and/or partially misfolded proteins with an ERAD fate, thus we coin them as “disorders of FZ-CRD”. Abnormal trafficking was demonstrated in 17 of 29 mutants studied; 16 mutants were within and/or surrounding the FZ-CRD with two mutants distant from FZ-CRD. These ER-retained mutants were improperly N-glycosylated confirming ER-localization. FZD4 and MuSK mutants were tagged with polyubiquitin chains confirming targeting for proteasomal degradation. Investigating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of these mutations is important since misfolded protein and ER-targeted therapies are in development. The P344R-MuSK kinase mutant showed around 50% of its in-vitro autophosphorylation activity and P344R-MuSK increased two-fold on proteasome inhibition. M105T-FZD4, C204Y-FZD4, and P344R-MuSK mutants are thermosensitive and therefore, might benefit from extending the investigation to a larger number of chemical chaperones and/or proteasome inhibitors. Nonetheless, FZ-CRD ER-lipidation it less characterized in the literature and recent structural data sheds light on the importance of lipidation in protein glycosylation, proper folding, and ER trafficking. Current treatment strategies in-place for the conformational disease landscape is highlighted. From this review, we envision that disorders of FZ-CRD might be receptive to therapies that target FZ-CRD misfolding, regulation of fatty acids, and/or ER therapies; thus paving the way for a newly explored paradigm to treat different diseases with common defects.
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Cicaloni V, Trezza A, Pettini F, Spiga O. Applications of in Silico Methods for Design and Development of Drugs Targeting Protein-Protein Interactions. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:534-554. [PMID: 30836920 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190304153901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) is a major challenge in modern molecular biology and biochemistry research, due to the unquestionable role of proteins in cells, biological process and pathological states. Over the past decade, the PPIs have evolved from being considered a highly challenging field of research to being investigated and examined as targets for pharmacological intervention. OBJECTIVE Comprehension of protein interactions is crucial to known how proteins come together to build signalling pathways, to carry out their functions, or to cause diseases, when deregulated. Multiplicity and great amount of PPIs structures offer a huge number of new and potential targets for the treatment of different diseases. METHODS Computational techniques are becoming predominant in PPIs studies for their effectiveness, flexibility, accuracy and cost. As a matter of fact, there are effective in silico approaches which are able to identify PPIs and PPI site. Such methods for computational target prediction have been developed through molecular descriptors and data-mining procedures. RESULTS In this review, we present different types of interactions between protein-protein and the application of in silico methods for design and development of drugs targeting PPIs. We described computational approaches for the identification of possible targets on protein surface and to detect of stimulator/ inhibitor molecules. CONCLUSION A deeper study of the most recent bioinformatics methodologies for PPIs studies is vital for a better understanding of protein complexes and for discover new potential PPI modulators in therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Cicaloni
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Dept. of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.,Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alfonso Trezza
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Dept. of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Pettini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Dept. of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ottavia Spiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Dept. of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Enshaei H, Molina BG, Del Valle LJ, Estrany F, Arnan C, Puiggalí J, Saperas N, Alemán C. Scaffolds for Sustained Release of Ambroxol Hydrochloride, a Pharmacological Chaperone That Increases the Activity of Misfolded β-Glucocerebrosidase. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1900130. [PMID: 31222941 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ambroxol is a pharmacological chaperone (PC) for Gaucher disease that increases lysosomal activity of misfolded β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) while displaying a safe toxicological profile. In this work, different poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-based systems are developed to regulate the sustained release of small polar drugs in physiological environments. For this purpose, ambroxol is selected as test case since the encapsulation and release of PCs using polymeric scaffolds have not been explored yet. More specifically, ambroxol is successfully loaded in electrospun PCL microfibers, which are subsequently coated with additional PCL layers using dip-coating or spin-coating. The time needed to achieve 80% release of loaded ambroxol increases from ≈15 min for uncoated fibrous scaffolds to 3 days and 1 week for dip-coated and spin-coated systems, respectively. Furthermore, it is proven that the released drug maintains its bioactivity, protecting GCase against induced thermal denaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Enshaei
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Brenda G Molina
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis J Del Valle
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Estrany
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Arnan
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Saperas
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Brasil S, Briso-Montiano A, Gámez A, Underhaug J, Flydal M, Desviat L, Merinero B, Ugarte M, Martinez A, Pérez B. New perspectives for pharmacological chaperoning treatment in methylmalonic aciduria cblB type. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:640-648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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12
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Gámez A, Yuste-Checa P, Brasil S, Briso-Montiano Á, Desviat L, Ugarte M, Pérez-Cerdá C, Pérez B. Protein misfolding diseases: Prospects of pharmacological treatment. Clin Genet 2017; 93:450-458. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Gámez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - P. Yuste-Checa
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - S. Brasil
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - Á. Briso-Montiano
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - L.R. Desviat
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Ugarte
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - C. Pérez-Cerdá
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - B. Pérez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
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13
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Bernini A, Galderisi S, Spiga O, Bernardini G, Niccolai N, Manetti F, Santucci A. Toward a generalized computational workflow for exploiting transient pockets as new targets for small molecule stabilizers: Application to the homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase mutants at the base of rare disease Alkaptonuria. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 70:133-141. [PMID: 28869836 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Alkaptonuria (AKU) is an inborn error of metabolism where mutation of homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (HGD) gene leads to a deleterious or misfolded product with subsequent loss of enzymatic degradation of homogentisic acid (HGA) whose accumulation in tissues causes ochronosis and degeneration. There is no licensed therapy for AKU. Many missense mutations have been individuated as responsible for quaternary structure disruption of the native hexameric HGD. A new approach to the treatment of AKU is here proposed aiming to totally or partially rescue enzyme activity by targeting of HGD with pharmacological chaperones, i.e. small molecules helping structural stability. Co-factor pockets from oligomeric proteins have already been successfully exploited as targets for such a strategy, but no similar sites are present at HGD surface; hence, transient pockets are here proposed as a target for pharmacological chaperones. Transient pockets are detected along the molecular dynamics trajectory of the protein and filtered down to a set of suitable sites for structural stabilization by mean of biochemical and pharmacological criteria. The result is a computational workflow relevant to other inborn errors of metabolism requiring rescue of oligomeric, misfolded enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bernini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Silvia Galderisi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ottavia Spiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bernardini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Neri Niccolai
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Manetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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14
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Waløen K, Kleppe R, Martinez A, Haavik J. Tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases as therapeutic targets in human disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 21:167-180. [PMID: 27973928 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1272581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ancient and ubiquitous monoamine signalling molecules serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine are involved in multiple physiological functions. The aromatic amino acid hydroxylases tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), and tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) catalyse the rate-limiting steps in the biosynthesis of these monoamines. Genetic variants of TH, TPH1, and TPH2 genes are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. The interest in these enzymes as therapeutic targets is increasing as new roles of these monoamines have been discovered, not only in brain function and disease, but also in development, cardiovascular function, energy and bone homeostasis, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and liver function. Areas covered: Physiological roles of TH, TPH1, and TPH2. Enzyme structures, catalytic and regulatory mechanisms, animal models, and associated diseases. Interactions with inhibitors, pharmacological chaperones, and regulatory proteins relevant for drug development. Expert opinion: Established inhibitors of these enzymes mainly target their amino acid substrate binding site, while tetrahydrobiopterin analogues, iron chelators, and allosteric ligands are less studied. New insights into monoamine biology and 3D-structural information and new computational/experimental tools have triggered the development of a new generation of more selective inhibitors and pharmacological chaperones. The enzyme complexes with their regulatory 14-3-3 proteins are also emerging as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Waløen
- a Department of Biomedicine and K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| | - Rune Kleppe
- b Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| | - Aurora Martinez
- a Department of Biomedicine and K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| | - Jan Haavik
- a Department of Biomedicine and K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
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15
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Yuste-Checa P, Brasil S, Gámez A, Underhaug J, Desviat LR, Ugarte M, Pérez-Cerdá C, Martinez A, Pérez B. Pharmacological Chaperoning: A Potential Treatment for PMM2-CDG. Hum Mutat 2016; 38:160-168. [PMID: 27774737 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) due to phosphomannomutase 2 deficiency (PMM2-CDG), the most common N-glycosylation disorder, is a multisystem disease for which no effective treatment is available. The recent functional characterization of disease-causing mutations described in patients with PMM2-CDG led to the idea of a therapeutic strategy involving pharmacological chaperones (PC) to rescue PMM2 loss-of-function mutations. The present work describes the high-throughput screening, by differential scanning fluorimetry, of 10,000 low-molecular-weight compounds from a commercial library, to search for possible PCs for the enzyme PMM2. This exercise identified eight compounds that increased the thermal stability of PMM2. Of these, four compounds functioned as potential PCs that significantly increased the stability of several destabilizing and oligomerization mutants and also increased PMM activity in a disease model of cells overexpressing PMM2 mutations. Structural analysis revealed one of these compounds to provide an excellent starting point for chemical optimization since it passed tests based on a number of pharmacochemical quality filters. The present results provide the first proof-of-concept of a possible treatment for PMM2-CDG and describe a promising chemical structure as a starting point for the development of new therapeutic agents for this severe orphan disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Yuste-Checa
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Brasil
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Gámez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jarl Underhaug
- Department of Biomedicine and KG Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lourdes R Desviat
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena Ugarte
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Pérez-Cerdá
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Martinez
- Department of Biomedicine and KG Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Belén Pérez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Biffi A. Gene therapy for lysosomal storage disorders: a good start. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 25:R65-75. [PMID: 26604151 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited diseases with a collective frequency of ∼1 in 7000 births, resulting from the deficiency in one or more enzymes or transporters that normally reside within the lysosomes. Pathology results from the progressive accumulation of uncleaved lipids, glycoproteins and/or glycosaminoglycans in the lysosomes and secondary damages that affect the brain, viscera, bones and connective tissues. Most treatment modalities developed for LSD, including gene therapy (GT), are based on the lysosome-specific cross-correction mechanism, by which close proximity of normal cells leads to the correction of the biochemical consequences of enzymatic deficiency within the neighboring cells. Here, GT efforts addressing these disorders are reviewed with an up-to-date discussion of their impact on the LSD disease phenotype in animal models and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Biffi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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17
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Discovery of compounds that protect tyrosine hydroxylase activity through different mechanisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2015; 1854:1078-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Abstract
Many mutations responsible of Fabry disease destabilize lysosomal alpha-galactosidase, but retain the enzymatic activity. These mutations are associated to a milder phenotype and are potentially curable with a pharmacological therapy either with chaperones or with drugs that modulate proteostasis. We demonstrate the effectiveness of molecular dynamics simulations to correlate the genotype to the severity of the disease. We studied the relation between protein flexibility and residual enzymatic activity of pathological missense mutants in the cell. We found that mutations occurring at flexible sites are likely to retain activity in vivo. The usefulness of molecular dynamics for diagnostic purposes is not limited to lysosomal galactosidase because destabilizing mutations are widely encountered in other proteins, too, and represent a large share of all the ones associated to human diseases. Residual alpha-galactosidase activity may relate to mild phenotype in Fabry disease. Molecular dynamics identifies flexible residues in lysosomal alpha-galactosidase. Mutations at flexible sites tend to maintain residual alpha-galactosidase activity.
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Li Z, Li T, Dai S, Xie X, Ma X, Zhao W, Zhang W, Li J, Wang PG. New Insights into the Pharmacological Chaperone Activity of C2-Substituted Glucoimidazoles for the Treatment of Gaucher Disease. Chembiochem 2013; 14:1239-47. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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