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Fatima MT, Islam Z, Ahmad E, Hoque M, Yamin M. Plasma Bead Entrapped Liposomes as a Potential Drug Delivery System to Combat Fungal Infections. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031105. [PMID: 35164370 PMCID: PMC8840493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin-based systems offer promises in drug and gene delivery as well as tissue engineering. We established earlier a fibrin-based plasma beads (PB) system as an efficient carrier of drugs and antigens. In the present work, attempts were made to further improve its therapeutic efficacy exploiting innovative ideas, including the use of plasma alginate composite matrices, proteolytic inhibitors, cross linkers, and dual entrapment in various liposomal formulations. In vitro efficacy of the different formulations was examined. Pharmacokinetics of the formulations encapsulating Amphotericin B (AmpB), an antifungal compound, were investigated in Swiss albino mice. While administration of the free AmpB led to its rapid elimination (<72 h), PB/liposome-PB systems were significantly effective in sustaining AmpB release in the circulation (>144 h) and its gradual accumulation in the vital organs, also compared to the liposomal formulations alone. Interestingly, the slow release of AmpB from PB was unusual compared to other small molecules in our earlier findings, suggesting strong interaction with plasma proteins. Molecular interaction studies of bovine serum albumin constituting approximately 60% of plasma with AmpB using isothermal titration calorimetry and in silico docking verify these interactions, explaining the slow release of AmpB entrapped in PB alone. The above findings suggest that PB/liposome-PB could be used as safe and effective delivery systems to combat fungal infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza Tamkeen Fatima
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit (IBU), Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh 202002, India; (E.A.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zeyaul Islam
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil;
| | - Ejaj Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit (IBU), Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh 202002, India; (E.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Mehboob Hoque
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit (IBU), Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh 202002, India; (E.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Marriam Yamin
- Functional and Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil;
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Khan AA, Alanazi AM, Alsaif N, Algrain N, Wani TA, Bhat MA. Enhanced Efficacy of Thiosemicarbazone Derivative-Encapsulated Fibrin Liposomes against Candidiasis in Murine Model. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030333. [PMID: 33806702 PMCID: PMC7998974 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most studied species for the candidiasis infection and is becoming resistant towards existing antifungal drugs. Considering this, in the current study, we developed and characterized a fibrin liposome-based formulation encapsulating a novel thiosemicarbazone derivative, 2C, and evaluated its antifungal efficacy against murine candidiasis. The 2C-containing formulation was prepared by encapsulating 2C within the liposomes (2C-L) that were further encapsulated in the fibrin beads (2C-FL). The in-house synthesized 2C-FLs were spherical with a zeta potential of −34.12 ± 0.3 mV, an entrapment efficiency of 72.6 ± 4.7%, and a loading efficiency of 9.21 ± 2.3%, and they showed a slow and sustained release of 2C. Compared to free 2C, the formulation was non-toxic and exhibited serum stability, increased tissue specificity, and penetration. The 2C-FL formulation had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 4.92 ± 0.76 µg/mL and was able to induce apoptosis and necrosis in C. albicans in vitro. The administration of 2C-FL in C. albicans-infected mice prolonged their survival and antifungal effects when compared with the free 2C. The 2C-FL antifungal therapy significantly reduced the fungal burden and displayed an improved survival rate. In conclusion, the 2C thiosemicarbazone derivative possesses a potent antifungal activity that became more advantageous upon its encapsulation in the fibrin liposome delivery system.
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Khan AA, Alanazi AM, Jabeen M, Khan S, Malik A. Additive potential of combination therapy against cryptococcosis employing a novel amphotericin B and fluconazole loaded dual delivery system. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 119:171-178. [PMID: 29653177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is one of the most lethal fungi causing mortality across the globe. Immuno-competent patients and patients taking immuno-suppressive medications are extremely susceptible to its infection. For effective removal of cryptococcal burden, there is an urgent need for new forms of therapy. In the present study, we have explored the potential effects of amphotericin B (AMB) and fluconazole (FLC) in combination, against cryptococcosis in Swiss albino mice. To enhance the therapeutic potential of the tested drugs, they were entrapped into fibrin microspheres; a dual delivery vehicle comprising of poly-lactide co-glycolide (PLGA) microsphere that was additionally encapsulated into the fibrin cross-linked plasma bead. Dynamics of fibrin microspheres included survival and fungal burden in lung, liver and spleen of treated mice. While each drug was effective in combination or alone, prominent additive potential of AMB and FLC were clearly observed when used in fibrin microsphere. Significant reduction in fungal burden and increase in survival rate of AMB + FLC-fibrin microspheres treated mice shows an extensive accessibility of both tested drugs without any side-effects. A full potential of two-drug combination encapsulated in fibrin microspheres proposes an effective approach of safe delivery to the target site in their intact form and decrease the drug associated toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amer M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mumtaz Jabeen
- Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Shahanavaj Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Fatima MT, Ahmad E, Hoque M. Effective antigen delivery via dual entrapment in erythrocytes and autologous plasma beads. J Drug Target 2017; 26:162-171. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1350859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ejaj Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mehboob Hoque
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Abstract
Many diseases that were considered major affliction of mankind in the past have been successfully eradicated with introduction of appropriate vaccine strategies. In order to expedite new challenges coming up to deal with various infectious diseases, nano-particulate-based subunit vaccines seem to be the demand of ordeal. The nano-vaccines can find better scope for the diseases that were not rampant in the semi-advanced world few years back. For example in present-day circumstances that corroborate with advancement in the field of medical sciences in terms of cancer chemotherapy, organ transplantation, therapy of autoimmune diseases, etc.; along with prevalence of altogether unheard diseases such as HIV infection, people are at risk of infliction with many more pathogens. In this regard, development of an effective prophylactic strategy against many opportunistic infections primarily caused by fungal pathogens needs better understanding of host pathogen relation and role of active immunity against pathogenic fungi. In the present study, we have tried to decipher effectiveness of a nano-sized vaccine delivery system in imparting protection against fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaleha Zubair
- Women's College, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Asim Azhar
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Nazoora Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Ejaj Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Mohd Ajmal
- Department of Anatomy, JNMC, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India.
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Ahmad E, Zia Q, Fatima MT, Owais M, Saleemuddin M. Vaccine potential of plasma bead-based dual antigen delivery system against experimental murine candidiasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:100-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Ahmad E, Fatima MT, Hoque M, Owais M, Saleemuddin M. Fibrin matrices: The versatile therapeutic delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:121-36. [PMID: 26231328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin sealants, that have been employed for over a century by surgeons to stop post surgery bleeding, are finding novel applications in the controlled delivery of antibiotics and several other therapeutics. Fibrinogen can be easily purified from blood plasma and converted by thrombolysis to fibrin that undergoes spontaneous aggregation to form insoluble clot. During the gelling, fibrin can be formulated into films, clots, threads, microbeads, nanoconstructs and nanoparticles. Whole plasma clots in the form of beads and microparticles can also be prepared by activating endogenous thrombin, for possible drug delivery. Fibrin formulations offer remarkable scope for controlling the porosity as well as in vivo degradability and hence the release of the associated therapeutics. Binding/covalent-linking of therapeutics to the fibrin matrix, crosslinking of the matrix with bifunctional reagents and coentrapment of protease inhibitors have been successful in regulating both in vitro and in vivo release of the therapeutics. The release rates can also be remarkably lowered by preentrapment of therapeutics in insoluble particles like liposomes or by anchoring them to the matrix via molecules that bind them as well as fibrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejaj Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | | | - Mehboob Hoque
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammed Saleemuddin
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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Fatima MT, Ahmad E, Saleemuddin M. Entrapment in plasma microparticles: A promising strategy for antigen delivery. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 102:1244-54. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Munazza T. Fatima
- The Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Ejaj Ahmad
- The Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Mohammed Saleemuddin
- The Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 India
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Plasma beads loaded with Candida albicans cytosolic proteins impart protection against the fungal infection in BALB/c mice. Vaccine 2012; 30:6851-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Khan AA, Jabeen M, Chauhan A, Owais M. Vaccine potential of cytosolic proteins loaded fibrin microspheres of Cryptococcus neoformans in BALB/c mice. J Drug Target 2012; 20:453-66. [PMID: 22553959 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.685474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcosis is a leading mycological cause of mortality among immunologically compromised individuals. In order to develop an effective vaccine against Cryptococcus neoformans, the cytosolic proteins (Cp) of the pathogen have been used as an antigen in combination with different formulations. In the present study, we have demonstrated that Cp encapsulated poly-lactide co-glycolide (PLGA) microsphere further co-encapsulated into the biocompatible fibrin cross-linked plasma beads (Fib-PLGA-Cp) mediated cytosolic delivery elicited strong immune response in the BALB/c mice. In contrast, other formulations of Cp failed to impart significant level of protection. The immune response, involved with Fib-PLGA-Cp protection, appear to interact with the target cells by both endocytosis as well as membrane fusion mode, thus helping in the activation of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells. Analysis of cytokine profiles in immunized animals revealed that the protective response was associated with the Th1/Th2 polarization in favor of type-1 cytokine [interferons (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2] cells. Furthermore, vaccination with Fib-PLGA-Cp elicited high immunoglobulin (Ig) G(l) and IgG(2a) isotype response; successfully cleared fungal burden in vital organs and also increased the survival rate of immunized animals. Altogether the present study is a clear indicative of the possible use of fibrin microsphere-based targeted delivery of cytosolic proteins to induce protective immune responses against experimental murine cryptococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmat Ali Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
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