1
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Dash SK, Patra B, Sharma V, Das SK, Verma RS. Fluid shear stress in a logarithmic microfluidic device enhances cancer cell stemness marker expression. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:2200-2211. [PMID: 35544034 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc01139a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluid shear stress (FSS) is crucial in cancer cell survival and tumor development. Noteworthily, cancer cells are exposed to several degrees of FSS in the tumor microenvironment and during metastasis. Consequently, the stemness marker expression in cancer cells changes with the FSS signal, although it is unclear how it varies with different magnitudes and during metastasis. The current work explores the stemness and drug resistance characteristics of the cervical cancer cell line HeLa in a microfluidic device with a wide range of physiological FSS. Hence, the microfluidic device was designed to achieve a logarithmic flow distribution in four culture chambers, realizing four orders of biological shear stress on a single chip. The cell cycle analysis demonstrated altered cell proliferation and mitotic arrest after FSS treatment. In addition, EdU staining revealed increased cell proliferation with medium to low FSS, whereas high shear had a suppressing effect. FSS increased competence to withstand higher intracellular ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential in HeLa. Furthermore, stemness-related gene (Sox2, N-cadherin) and cell surface marker (CD44, CD33, CD117) expressions were enhanced by FSS mechanotransduction in a magnitude-dependent manner. In summary, these stemness-like properties were concurrent with the drug resistance capability of HeLa towards doxorubicin. Overall, our microfluidic device elucidates cancer cell survival and drug resistance mechanisms during metastasis and in cancer relapse patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanat Kumar Dash
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Room No. 201, Biotech Old Building, Chennai, India.
| | - Bamadeb Patra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Room No. 201, Biotech Old Building, Chennai, India.
| | - Vineeta Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Room No. 201, Biotech Old Building, Chennai, India.
| | - Sarit K Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Room No. 201, Biotech Old Building, Chennai, India.
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2
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Wang H, Liu H, Zhao X, Chen X. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U-actin complex derived from extracellular vesicles facilitates proliferation and migration of human coronary artery endothelial cells by promoting RNA polymerase II transcription. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11469-11486. [PMID: 35535400 PMCID: PMC9276035 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2066754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) represents a fatal public threat. The involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in CAD has been documented. This study explored the regulation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs)-derived EVs-hnRNPU-actin complex in human coronary artery endothelial cell (HCAEC) growth. Firstly, in vitro HCAEC hypoxia models were established. EVs were extracted from ESCs by ultracentrifugation. HCAECs were treated with EVs and si-VEGF for 24 h under hypoxia, followed by assessment of cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and tube formation. Uptake of EVs by HCAECs was testified. Additionally, hnRNPU, VEGF, and RNA Pol II levels were determined using Western blotting and CHIP assays. Interaction between hnRNPU and actin was evaluated by Co-immunoprecipitation assay. HCAEC viability and proliferation were lowered, apoptosis was enhanced, wound fusion was decreased, and the number of tubular capillary structures was reduced under hypoxia, whereas ESC-EVs treatment counteracted these effects. Moreover, EVs transferred hnRNPU into HCAECs. EVs-hnRNPU-actin complex increased RNA Pol II level on the VEGF gene promoter and promoted VEGF expression in HCAECs. Inhibition of hnRNPU or VEGF both annulled the promotion of EVs on HCAEC growth. Collectively, ESC-EVs-hnRNPU-actin increased RNA Pol II phosphorylation and VEGF expression, thus promoting HCAEC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hengdao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xi Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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3
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Takahashi K, Tanabe R, Ehata S, Kubota SI, Morishita Y, Ueda HR, Miyazono K. Visualization of the cancer cell cycle by tissue-clearing technology using the Fucci reporter system. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:3796-3809. [PMID: 34145937 PMCID: PMC8409402 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-clearing technology is an emerging imaging technique currently utilized not only in neuroscience research but also in cancer research. In our previous reports, tissue-clearing methods were used for the detection of metastatic tumors. Here, we showed that the cell cycles of primary and metastatic tumors were visualized by tissue-clearing methods using a reporter system. First, we established cancer cell lines stably expressing fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (Fucci) reporter with widely used cancer cell lines A549 and 4T1. Fluorescence patterns of the Fucci reporter were investigated in various tumor inoculation models in mice. Interestingly, fluorescence patterns of the Fucci reporter of tumor colonies were different between various organs, and even among colonies in the same organs. The effects of antitumor drugs were also evaluated using these Fucci reporter cells. Of the three antitumor drugs studied, 5-fluorouracil treatment on 4T1-Fucci cells resulted in characteristic fluorescent patterns by the induction of G2 /M arrest both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the combination of a tissue-clearing method with the Fucci reporter is useful for analyzing the mechanisms of cancer metastasis and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Takahashi
- Department of Molecular PathologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Ryo Tanabe
- Department of Molecular PathologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Shogo Ehata
- Department of Molecular PathologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Environmental Science CenterThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Shimpei I. Kubota
- Department of Molecular PathologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yasuyuki Morishita
- Department of Molecular PathologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroki R. Ueda
- Department of Systems PharmacologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Laboratory for Synthetic BiologyRIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics ResearchSuitaJapan
| | - Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Molecular PathologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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4
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Damjanović A, Kolundžija B, Matić IZ, Krivokuća A, Zdunić G, Šavikin K, Janković R, Stanković JA, Stanojković TP. Mahonia aquifolium Extracts Promote Doxorubicin Effects against Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells In Vitro. Molecules 2020; 25:E5233. [PMID: 33182665 PMCID: PMC7697947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mahonia aquifolium and its secondary metabolites have been shown to have anticancer potential. We performed MTT, scratch, and colony formation assays; analyzed cell cycle phase distribution and doxorubicin uptake and retention with flow cytometry; and detected alterations in the expression of genes involved in the formation of cell-cell interactions and migration using quantitative real-time PCR following treatment of lung adenocarcinoma cells with doxorubicin, M. aquifolium extracts, or their combination. MTT assay results suggested strong synergistic effects of the combined treatments, and their application led to an increase in cell numbers in the subG1 phase of the cell cycle. Both extracts were shown to prolong doxorubicin retention time in cancer cells, while the application of doxorubicin/extract combination led to a decrease in MMP9 expression. Furthermore, cells treated with doxorubicin/extract combinations were shown to have lower migratory and colony formation potentials than untreated cells or cells treated with doxorubicin alone. The obtained results suggest that nontoxic M. aquifolium extracts can enhance the activity of doxorubicin, thus potentially allowing the application of lower doxorubicin doses in vivo, which may decrease its toxic effects in normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Damjanović
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Branka Kolundžija
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Ivana Z. Matić
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Ana Krivokuća
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Gordana Zdunić
- Department for Pharmaceutical Investigations and Development, Institute for Medicinal Plant Research, Dr. Josif Pančić, 11 070 Belgrade, Serbia; (G.Z.); (K.Š.)
| | - Katarina Šavikin
- Department for Pharmaceutical Investigations and Development, Institute for Medicinal Plant Research, Dr. Josif Pančić, 11 070 Belgrade, Serbia; (G.Z.); (K.Š.)
| | - Radmila Janković
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Jelena Antić Stanković
- Department for Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11 221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana P. Stanojković
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
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5
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Cell cycle dependence of apoptosis photo-triggered using peptide-photosensitizer conjugate. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19087. [PMID: 33154435 PMCID: PMC7644668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigation of the relevance between cell cycle status and the bioactivity of exogenously delivered biomacromolecules is hindered by their time-consuming cell internalization and the cytotoxicity of transfection methods. In this study, we addressed these problems by utilizing the photochemical internalization (PCI) method using a peptide/protein-photosensitizer conjugate, which enables immediate cytoplasmic internalization of the bioactive peptides/proteins in a light-dependent manner with low cytotoxicity. To identify the cell-cycle dependent apoptosis, a TatBim peptide-photosensitizer conjugate (TatBim-PS) with apoptotic activity was photo-dependently internalized into HeLa cells expressing a fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (Fucci2). Upon irradiation, cytoplasmic TatBim-PS internalization exceeded 95% for all cells classified in the G1, S, and G2/M cell cycle phases with no significant differences between groups. TatBim-PS-mediated apoptosis was more efficiently triggered by photoirradiation in the G1/S transition than in the G1 and S/G2/M phases, suggesting high sensitivity of the former phase to Bim-induced apoptosis. Thus, the cell cycle dependence of Bim peptide-induced apoptosis was successfully investigated using Fucci2 indicator and the PCI method. Since PCI-mediated cytoplasmic internalization of peptides is rapid and does not span multiple cell cycle phases, the Fucci-PCI method constitutes a promising tool for analyzing the cell cycle dependence of peptides/protein functions.
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6
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Matsumoto Y, Kano M, Murakami K, Toyozumi T, Suito H, Takahashi M, Sekino N, Shiraishi T, Kamata T, Ryuzaki T, Hirasawa S, Kinoshita K, Matsubara H. Tumor-derived exosomes influence the cell cycle and cell migration of human esophageal cancer cell lines. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4348-4358. [PMID: 32969511 PMCID: PMC7734159 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our laboratory previously reported the usefulness as biomarkers of exosomes in the plasma of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. However, the influence of tumor‐derived exosomes on the tumor itself and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We here report changes in the phenotype and gene expression when cancer cells exist in an environment with tumor‐derived exosomes. The exosomes were isolated from the culture medium of human ESCC cells (TE2, T.Tn) by ultracentrifugation; cell proliferation assay, wound‐healing assay, and fluorescence imaging of the cell cycle were performed to clarify the phenotypic changes in the high concentration of tumor‐derived exosomes. Gene expression changes were also assessed by mRNA microarray, and the data were analyzed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The data revealed that the proliferation of both TE2 and T.Tn was inhibited, and cell migration ability was upregulated in the exosome exposure group (P < .05). Fluorescence imaging using a fluorescent ubiquitination‐based cell cycle indicator expressing ESCC cells revealed that the ratio of G1‐phase cells was significantly increased in the exosome exposure group (P < .05). Findings of the GSEA clarified that high‐density exposure of cancer‐derived exosomes to their parent cancer cells downregulated the expression of genes related to cell proliferation and cell cycle, and upregulated the expression of genes related to actin filament length and extracellular structure organization. In conclusion, an environment of high‐density tumor‐derived exosomes induces changes in the gene expression and phenotype of tumor cells and may lead to tumor progression or malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Matsumoto
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kano
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Toyozumi
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suito
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahashi
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobufumi Sekino
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadashi Shiraishi
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiki Kamata
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ryuzaki
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Soichiro Hirasawa
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kinoshita
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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7
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Imig D, Pollak N, Allgöwer F, Rehm M. Sample-based modeling reveals bidirectional interplay between cell cycle progression and extrinsic apoptosis. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007812. [PMID: 32497127 PMCID: PMC7271993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic cell death can be initiated through the extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways. While cell cycle progression promotes the responsiveness to intrinsic apoptosis induced by genotoxic stress or spindle poisons, this has not yet been studied conclusively for extrinsic apoptosis. Here, we combined fluorescence-based time-lapse monitoring of cell cycle progression and cell death execution by long-term time-lapse microscopy with sampling-based mathematical modeling to study cell cycle dependency of TRAIL-induced extrinsic apoptosis in NCI-H460/geminin cells. In particular, we investigated the interaction of cell death timing and progression of cell cycle states. We not only found that TRAIL prolongs cycle progression, but in reverse also that cell cycle progression affects the kinetics of TRAIL-induced apoptosis: Cells exposed to TRAIL in G1 died significantly faster than cells stimulated in S/G2/M. The connection between cell cycle state and apoptosis progression was captured by developing a mathematical model, for which parameter estimation revealed that apoptosis progression decelerates in the second half of the cell cycle. Similar results were also obtained when studying HCT-116 cells. Our results therefore reject the null hypothesis of independence between cell cycle progression and extrinsic apoptosis and, supported by simulations and experiments of synchronized cell populations, suggest that unwanted escape from TRAIL-induced apoptosis can be reduced by enriching the fraction of cells in G1 phase. Besides novel insight into the interrelation of cell cycle progression and extrinsic apoptosis signaling kinetics, our findings are therefore also relevant for optimizing future TRAIL-based treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirke Imig
- University of Stuttgart, Institute for Systems Theory and Automatic Control, Pfaffenwaldring 9, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nadine Pollak
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, Allmandring 31, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, Nobelstr. 15, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Allgöwer
- University of Stuttgart, Institute for Systems Theory and Automatic Control, Pfaffenwaldring 9, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, Nobelstr. 15, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Rehm
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, Allmandring 31, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, Nobelstr. 15, Stuttgart, Germany
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8
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Huang D, Roy IJ, Murray GF, Reed J, Zangle TA, Teitell MA. Identifying fates of cancer cells exposed to mitotic inhibitors by quantitative phase imaging. Analyst 2020; 145:97-106. [PMID: 31746831 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01346f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle deregulation is a cancer hallmark that has stimulated the development of mitotic inhibitors with differing mechanisms of action. Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is an emerging approach for determining cancer cell sensitivities to chemotherapies in vitro. Cancer cell fates in response to mitotic inhibitors are agent- and dose-dependent. Fates that lead to chromosomal instabilities may result in a survival advantage and drug resistance. Conventional techniques for quantifying cell fates are incompatible with growth inhibition assays that produce binary live/dead results. Therefore, we used QPI to quantify post-mitotic fates of G0/G1 synchronized HeLa cervical adenocarcinoma and M202 melanoma cells during 24 h of escalating-dose exposures to mitotic inhibitors, including microtubule inhibitors paclitaxel and colchicine, and an Aurora kinase A inhibitor, VX-680. QPI determined cell fates by measuring changes in cell biomass, morphology, and mean phase-shift. Cell fates fell into three groups: (1) bipolar division from drug failure; (2) cell death or sustained mitotic arrest; and (3) aberrant endocycling or multipolar division. In this proof-of-concept study, colchicine was most effective in producing desirable outcomes of sustained mitotic arrest or death throughout its dosing range, whereas both paclitaxel and VX-680 yielded dose-dependent multipolar divisions or endocycling, respectively. Furthermore, rapid completion of mitosis associated with bipolar divisions whereas prolonged mitosis associated with multipolar divisions or cell death. Overall, QPI measurement of drug-induced cancer cell fates provides a tool to inform the development of candidate agents by quantifying the dosing ranges over which suboptimal inhibitor choices lead to undesirable, aberrant cancer cell fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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9
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Munoz JL, Walker ND, Mareedu S, Pamarthi SH, Sinha G, Greco SJ, Rameshwar P. Cycling Quiescence in Temozolomide Resistant Glioblastoma Cells Is Partly Explained by microRNA-93 and -193-Mediated Decrease of Cyclin D. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:134. [PMID: 30853911 PMCID: PMC6395452 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a fatal malignancy of the central nervous system, commonly associated with chemoresistance. The alkylating agent Temozolomide (TMZ) is the front-line chemotherapeutic agent and has undergone intense studies on resistance. These studies reported on mismatch repair gene upregulation, ABC-targeted drug efflux, and cell cycle alterations. The mechanism by which TMZ induces cell cycle arrest has not been well-established. TMZ-resistant GBM cells have been linked to microRNA (miRNA) and exosomes. A cell cycle miRNA array identified distinct miRNAs only in exosomes from TMZ-resistant GBM cell lines and primary spheres. We narrowed the miRs to miR-93 and -193 and showed in computational analyses that they could target Cyclin D1. Since Cyclin D1 is a major regulator of cell cycle progression, we performed cause-effect studies and showed a blunting effects of miR-93 and -193 in Cyclin D1 expression. These two miRs also decreased cell cycling quiescence and induced resistance to TMZ. Taken together, our data provide a mechanism by which GBM cells can exhibit TMZ-induced resistance through miRNA targeting of Cyclin D1. The data provide a number of therapeutic approaches to reverse chemoresistance at the miRNA, exosomal and cell cycle points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessian L Munoz
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Nykia D Walker
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Satvik Mareedu
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Sri Harika Pamarthi
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Garima Sinha
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Steven J Greco
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
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10
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A single-cell micro-trench platform for automatic monitoring of cell division and apoptosis after chemotherapeutic drug administration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:18042. [PMID: 30575776 PMCID: PMC6303304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36508-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells vary in their dynamic response to external stimuli, due to stochastic fluctuations and non-uniform progression through the cell cycle. Hence, single-cell studies are required to reveal the range of heterogeneity in their responses to defined perturbations, which provides detailed insight into signaling processes. Here, we present a time-lapse study using arrays of micro-trenches to monitor the timing of cell division and apoptosis in non-adherent cells at the single-cell level. By employing automated cell tracking and division detection, we precisely determine cell cycle duration and sister-cell correlations for hundreds of individual cells in parallel. As a model application we study the response of leukemia cells to the chemostatic drug vincristine as a function of cell cycle phase. The time-to-death after drug addition is found to depend both on drug concentration and cell cycle phase. The resulting timing and dose-response distributions were reproduced in control experiments using synchronized cell populations. Interestingly, in non-synchronized cells, the time-to-death intervals for sister cells appear to be correlated. Our study demonstrates the practical benefits of micro-trench arrays as a platform for high-throughput, single-cell time-lapse studies on cell cycle dependence, correlations and cell fate decisions in general.
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11
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Go YH, Lee HJ, Kong HJ, Jeong HC, Lee DY, Hong SK, Sung SH, Kwon OS, Cha HJ. Screening of cytotoxic or cytostatic flavonoids with quantitative Fluorescent Ubiquitination-based Cell Cycle Indicator-based cell cycle assay. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:181303. [PMID: 30662739 PMCID: PMC6304118 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The Fluorescent Ubiquitination-based Cell Cycle Indicator (FUCCI) system can be used not only to study gene expression at a specific cell cycle stage, but also to monitor cell cycle transitions in real time. In this study, we used a single clone of FUCCI-expressing HeLa cells (FUCCI-HeLa cells) and monitored the cell cycle in individual live cells over time by determining the ratios between red fluorescence (RF) of RFP-Cdt1 and green fluorescence (GF) of GFP-Geminin. Cytotoxic and cytostatic compounds, the latter of which induced G2 or mitotic arrest, were identified based on periodic cycling of the RF/GF and GF/RF ratios in FUCCI-HeLa cells treated with anti-cancer drugs. With this cell cycle monitoring system, ten flavonoids were screened. Of these, apigenin and luteolin, which have a flavone backbone, were cytotoxic, whereas kaempferol, which has a flavonol backbone, was cytostatic and induced G2 arrest. In summary, we developed a system to quantitatively monitor the cell cycle in real time. This system can be used to identify novel compounds that modulate the cell cycle and to investigate structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyun Go
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Ju Lee
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Joon Kong
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chang Jeong
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Ki Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Sung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Seon Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jin Cha
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Panagiotakopoulou M, Lendenmann T, Pramotton FM, Giampietro C, Stefopoulos G, Poulikakos D, Ferrari A. Cell cycle-dependent force transmission in cancer cells. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:2528-2539. [PMID: 30113874 PMCID: PMC6254576 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-12-0726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of traction forces and their transmission to the extracellular environment supports the disseminative migration of cells from a primary tumor. In cancer cells, the periodic variation of nuclear stiffness during the cell cycle provides a functional link between efficient translocation and proliferation. However, the mechanical framework completing this picture remains unexplored. Here, the Fucci2 reporter was expressed in various human epithelial cancer cells to resolve their cell cycle phase transition. The corresponding tractions were captured by a recently developed reference-free confocal traction-force microscopy platform. The combined approach was conducive to the analysis of phase-dependent force variation at the level of individual integrin contacts. Detected forces were invariably higher in the G1 and early S phases than in the ensuing late S/G2, and locally colocalized with high levels of paxillin phosphorylation. Perturbation of paxillin phosphorylation at focal adhesions, obtained through the biochemical inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) or the transfection of nonphosphorylatable or phosphomimetic paxillin mutants, significantly diminished the force transmitted to the substrate. These data demonstrate a reproducible modulation of force transmission during the cell cycle progression of cancer cells, instrumental to their invasion of dense environments. In addition, they delineate a model in which paxillin phosphorylation supports the mechanical maturation of adhesions relaying forces to the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalini Panagiotakopoulou
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Lendenmann
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Michela Pramotton
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Costanza Giampietro
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Georgios Stefopoulos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Ferrari
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute for Mechanical Systems, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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13
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The radiotherapy-sensitization effect of cantharidin: Mechanisms involving cell cycle regulation, enhanced DNA damage, and inhibited DNA damage repair. Pancreatology 2018; 18:822-832. [PMID: 30201439 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cantharidin is an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A), and has been frequently used in clinical practice. In our previous study, we proved that cantharidin could arrest cell cycle in G2/M phase. Since cells at G2/M phase are sensitive to radiotherapy, in the present study, we investigated the radiotherapy-sesitization effect of cantharidin and the potential mechanisms involved. METHODS Cell growth was determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry. DNA damage was visualized by phospho-Histone H2A.X staining. Expression of mRNA was tested by microarray assay and real-time PCR. Clinical information and RNA-Seq expression data were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pancreatic cancer cohort. Survival analysis was obtained by Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS Cantharidin strengthened the growth inhibition effect of irradiation. Cantharidin drove pancreatic cancer cells out of quiescent G0/G1 phase and arrested cell cycle in G2/M phase. As a result, cantharidin strengthened DNA damage which was induced by irradiation. Moreover, cantharidin repressed expressions of several genes participating in DNA damage repair, including UBE2T, RPA1, GTF2HH5, LIG1, POLD3, RMI2, XRCC1, PRKDC, FANC1, FAAP100, RAD50, RAD51D, RAD51B and DMC1, through JNK, ERK, PKC, p38 and/or NF-κB pathway dependent manners. Among these genes, worse overall survival for pancreatic cancer patients were associated with high mRNA expressions of POLD3, RMI2, PRKDC, FANC1, RAD50 and RAD51B, all of which could be down-regulated by cantharidin. CONCLUSION Cantharidin can sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to radiotherapy. Multiple mechanisms, including cell cycle regulation, enhanced DNA damage, and inhibited DNA damage repair, may be involved.
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14
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Sane S, Hafner A, Srinivasan R, Masood D, Slunecka JL, Noldner CJ, Hanson AD, Kruisselbrink T, Wang X, Wang Y, Yin J, Rezvani K. UBXN2A enhances CHIP-mediated proteasomal degradation of oncoprotein mortalin-2 in cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:1753-1777. [PMID: 30107089 PMCID: PMC6166003 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of oncoproteins is a major cause of treatment failure using current chemotherapeutic drugs. Drug-induced degradation of oncoproteins is feasible and can improve clinical outcomes in diverse types of cancers. Mortalin-2 (mot-2) is a dominant oncoprotein in several tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). In addition to inactivating the p53 tumor suppressor protein, mot-2 enhances tumor cell invasion and migration. Thus, mot-2 is considered a potential therapeutic target in several cancer types. The current study investigated the biological role of a ubiquitin-like protein called UBXN2A in the regulation of mot-2 turnover. An orthogonal ubiquitin transfer technology followed by immunoprecipitation, in vitro ubiquitination, and Magnetic Beads TUBE2 pull-down experiments revealed that UBXN2A promotes carboxyl terminus of the HSP70-interacting protein (CHIP)-dependent ubiquitination of mot-2. We subsequently showed that UBXN2A increases proteasomal degradation of mot-2. A subcellular compartmentalization experiment revealed that induced UBXN2A decreases the level of mot-2 and its chaperone partner, HSP60. Pharmacological upregulation of UBXN2A using a small molecule, veratridine (VTD), decreases the level of mot-2 in cancer cells. Consistent with the in vitro results, UBXN2A+/- mice exhibited selective elevation of mot-2 in colon tissues. An in vitro Anti-K48 TUBE isolation approach showed that recombinant UBXN2A enhances proteasomal degradation of mot-2 in mouse colon tissues. Finally, we observed enhanced association of CHIP with the UBXN2A-mot-2 complex in tumors in an azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse CRC model. The existence of a multiprotein complex containing UBXN2A, CHIP, and mot-2 suggests a synergistic tumor suppressor activity of UBXN2A and CHIP in mot-2-enriched tumors. This finding validates the UBXN2A-CHIP axis as a novel and potential therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Sane
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
| | - Andre Hafner
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
| | - Rekha Srinivasan
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
| | - Daniall Masood
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
| | - John l. Slunecka
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
| | - Collin J. Noldner
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
| | - Alex D. Hanson
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
| | - Taylor Kruisselbrink
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Diagnostics & TherapeuticsGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Diagnostics & TherapeuticsGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Khosrow Rezvani
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesSanford School of MedicineThe University of South DakotaVermillionSDUSA
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15
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Silakit R, Kitirat Y, Thongchot S, Loilome W, Techasen A, Ungarreevittaya P, Khuntikeo N, Yongvanit P, Yang JH, Kim NH, Yook JI, Namwat N. Potential role of HIF-1-responsive microRNA210/HIF3 axis on gemcitabine resistance in cholangiocarcinoma cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199827. [PMID: 29953500 PMCID: PMC6023215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-210 (miR-210) is a robust target for hypoxia-inducible factor, and its overexpression has been detected in a variety of solid tumors. However, the role of miR-210 in the development, progression and response to therapy in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains undefined. We report here that high miR-210 expression was significantly correlated with the shorter survival of CCA patients. Overexpression of miR-210 inhibited CCA cell proliferation at the G2/M phase and reduced the gemcitabine sensitivity in CCA cells under CoCl2-induced pseudohypoxia. Concomitantly, inhibition of endogenous miR-210 activity using miRNA sponges increased cell proliferation under CoCl2-induced pseudohypoxia, resulting in an increase in gemcitabine sensitivity in CCA cells. We showed that HIF-3α, a negative controller of HIF-1α, was a target of miR-210 constituting a feed-forward hypoxic regulatory loop. Our data suggest an important role of miR-210 in sustaining HIF-1α activity via the suppression of HIF-3α, regulating cell growth and chemotherapeutic drug resistance in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runglawan Silakit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Yingpinyapat Kitirat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Suyanee Thongchot
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Watcharin Loilome
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Techasen
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Piti Ungarreevittaya
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Narong Khuntikeo
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Puangrat Yongvanit
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ji Hye Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong In Yook
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (NN); (JIY)
| | - Nisana Namwat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail: (NN); (JIY)
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16
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Fuge G, Hong Y, Riecken K, Zeng AP, Jandt U. CHO cells engineered for fluorescence read out of cell cycle and growth rate in real time. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:1408-1417. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grischa Fuge
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology; Hamburg Germany
| | - Yaeseong Hong
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology; Hamburg Germany
| | - Kristoffer Riecken
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation; University Medical Centre (UMC) Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - An-Ping Zeng
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology; Hamburg Germany
| | - Uwe Jandt
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology; Hamburg Germany
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17
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Wu X, Wu MY, Jiang M, Zhi Q, Bian X, Xu MD, Gong FR, Hou J, Tao M, Shou LM, Duan W, Chen K, Shen M, Li W. TNF-α sensitizes chemotherapy and radiotherapy against breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:13. [PMID: 28127258 PMCID: PMC5260016 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0382-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Despite new developments in cancer therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain the cornerstone of breast cancer treatment. Therefore, finding ways to reduce the toxicity and increase sensitivity is particularly important. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) exerts multiple functions in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated whether TNF-α could enhance the effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy against breast cancer cells. Methods Cell growth was determined by MTT assay in vitro, and by using nude mouse tumor xenograft model in vivo. Cell cycle and apoptosis/necrosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. DNA damage was visualized by phospho-Histone H2A.X staining. mRNA expression was assessed by using real-time PCR. Protein expression was tested by Western blot assay. Results TNF-α strengthened the cytotoxicity of docetaxel, 5-FU and cisplatin against breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. TNF-α activated NF-κB pathway and dependently up-regulated expressions of CyclinD1, CyclinD2, CyclinE, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6, the key regulators participating in G1→S phase transition. As a result, TNF-α drove cells out of quiescent G0/G1 phase, entering vulnerable proliferating phases. Treatment of TNF-α brought more DNA damage after Cs137-irradiation and strengthened G2/M and S phase cell cycle arrest induced by docetaxel and cisplatin respectively. Moreover, the up-regulation of RIP3 (a necroptosis marker) by 5-FU, and the activation of RIP3 by TNF-α, synergistically triggered necroptosis (programmed necrosis). Knockdown of RIP3 attenuated the synergetic effect of TNF-α and 5-FU. Conclusion TNF-α presented radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-sensitizing effects against breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Meng-Yao Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Qiaoming Zhi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Xiaojie Bian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Meng-Dan Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Fei-Ran Gong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Juan Hou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China.,Department of Oncology, the People's Hospital of Jingjiang, Jingjiang, 214500 China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China.,PREMED Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021 China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, Suzhou, 215006 China.,Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021 China
| | - Liu-Mei Shou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Weiming Duan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Meng Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China.,PREMED Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021 China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, Suzhou, 215006 China.,Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
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18
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Pearl Mizrahi S, Gefen O, Simon I, Balaban NQ. Persistence to anti-cancer treatments in the stationary to proliferating transition. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:3442-3453. [PMID: 27801609 PMCID: PMC5224467 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1248006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous responses of clonal cancer cells to treatment is understood to be caused by several factors, including stochasticity, cell-cycle dynamics, and different micro-environments. In a tumor, cancer cells may encounter fluctuating conditions and transit from a stationary culture to a proliferating state, for example this may occur following treatment. Here, we undertake a quantitative evaluation of the response of single cancerous lymphoblasts (L1210 cells) to various treatments administered during this transition. Additionally, we developed an experimental system, a “Mammalian Mother Machine,” that tracks the fate of thousands of mammalian cells over several generations under transient exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs. Using our developed system, we were able to follow the same cell under repeated treatments and continuously track many generations. We found that the dynamics of the transition between stationary and proliferative states are highly variable and affect the response to drug treatment. Using cell-cycle markers, we were able to isolate a subpopulation of persister cells with distinctly higher than average survival probability. The higher survival rate encountered with cell-cycle phase specific drugs was associated with a significantly longer time-till-division, and was reduced by a non cell-cycle specific drug. Our results suggest that the variability of transition times from the stationary to the proliferating state may be an obstacle hampering the effectiveness of drugs and should be taken into account when designing treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Pearl Mizrahi
- a Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel.,b Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics , IMRIC, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Orit Gefen
- a Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Itamar Simon
- b Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics , IMRIC, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Nathalie Q Balaban
- a Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
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19
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Miwa S, Yano S, Kimura H, Yamamoto M, Toneri M, Murakami T, Hayashi K, Yamamoto N, Fujiwara T, Tsuchiya H, Hoffman RM. Heterogeneous cell-cycle behavior in response to UVB irradiation by a population of single cancer cells visualized by time-lapse FUCCI imaging. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:1932-7. [PMID: 25946083 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1033598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study analyzed the heterogeneous cell-cycle dependence and fate of single cancer cells in a population treated with UVB using a fluorescence ubiquitination-based cell-cycle (FUCCI) imaging system. HeLa cells expressing FUCCI were irradiated by 100 or 200 J/m(2) UVB. Modulation of the cell-cycle and apoptosis were observed by time-lapse confocal microscopy imaging every 30 min for 72 h. Correlation between cell survival and factors including cell-cycle phase at the time of the irradiation of UVB, mitosis and the G1/S transition were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method along with the log rank test. Time-lapse FUCCI imaging of HeLa cells demonstrated that UVB irradiation induced cell-cycle arrest in S/G2/M phase in the majority of the cells. The cells irradiated by 100 or 200 J/m(2) UVB during G0/G1 phase had a higher survival rate than the cells irradiated during S/G2/M phase. A minority of cells could escape S/G2/M arrest and undergo mitosis which significantly correlated with decreased survival of the cells. In contrast, G1/S transition significantly correlated with increased survival of the cells after UVB irradiation. UVB at 200 J/m(2) resulted in a greater number of apoptotic cells.
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20
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Zhang L, Wu C, Hoffman RM. Prostate Cancer Heterogeneous High-Metastatic Multi-Organ-Colonizing Chemo-Resistant Variants Selected by Serial Metastatic Passage in Nude Mice Are Highly Enriched for Multinucleate Giant Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140721. [PMID: 26536025 PMCID: PMC4633180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to further understand the role of tumor heterogeneity in metastasis and chemo-resistance, high metastatic PC-3 human prostate cancer variants were selected by injecting parental PC-3 cells, expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the footpad of nude mice, which then metastasize to inguinal lymph nodes. The PC-3-GFP cells which metastasized to the inguinal lymph nodes were collected and were re-injected to the footpad. After 6 such cycles, the PC-3-GFP cells collected from inguinal lymph nodes (PC-3-GFP-LN) were again injected to the footpad. PC-3-GFP-LN showed 100% metastasis to major lymph nodes (popliteal, inguinal, axillary, and cervical), and 100% metastasis to bone and lung. The percent of giant cell variants was enriched in PC-3-GFP-LN-6 compared to parental cells and increased with each cycle of selection, which in turn had increased metastasis. PC-3-GFP-LN-6 cells were resistant to 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and cisplatinum, compared to parental PC-3. However, PC-3-GFP-LN-6 was sensitive to the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal mixture LQ, similar to the parental cells. These results suggest that PC-3 tumors are heterogenous and that subpopulations of highly metastatic, drug-resistant cells can be step-wise selected using a mouse model of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Chengyu Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- * E-mail: (CW); (RMH)
| | - Robert M. Hoffman
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CW); (RMH)
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