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Quantitation and Identification of Therapeutic Anti-CD22 Monoclonal Antibodies in a Cell-Based ELISA Method. Antibodies (Basel) 2022; 11:antib11030053. [PMID: 35997347 PMCID: PMC9396980 DOI: 10.3390/antib11030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since they lack native soluble membrane antigens, the analysis and selection of antigen-specific antibodies are commonly performed on whole live cells. Here, we have developed a simple and convenient enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on cell membrane antigens. Soluble cell membrane proteins isolated from Raji cells were immobilized on the polystyrene microplate, which permitted the assessment of a therapeutic anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody. The experiments showed less variability in the intra-assay. Compared to the living cell ELISAs, the advantage of the assay is avoiding cell losses and high variation of optical density (OD) readings. We provide a quantitative and reproducible ELISA that can be potentially applied to the development of specific antibodies against cell surface antigens.
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Zhao Q, Chen X, Li J, Jiang J, Li M, Zhong W, Li Z, Leung SO, Zhang F, Hu P. Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Preliminary Observations for Clinical Activity and Safety of Multiple Doses of Human Mouse Chimeric Anti-CD22 Monoclonal Antibody (SM03) in Chinese Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Clin Drug Investig 2017; 36:889-902. [PMID: 27424629 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-016-0426-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES SM03 is a novel recombinant, human/mouse chimeric immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the CD22 antigen on human B lymphocytes. This was the first study to investigate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, safety and clinical activity of SM03 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS This study was an open, multiple-centre, parallel-group, multiple-ascending-dose, phase I study in 29 SLE patients. Pharmacokinetic assessment was conducted in 22 of these patients. Eligible patients received multiple intravenous infusions of SM03 for 4 weeks (240 mg/m2, 600 or 900 mg, once weekly) and were monitored over an 84-day observation period for pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, safety and clinical response. RESULTS After multiple-dose SM03, the maximal serum concentration of SM03 was reached within 3-7 h. The mean elimination half-life was 15 days. The average accumulation ratios of the area under the time-concentration curve and the maximum concentration after the fourth administration of SM03 were 2.0 and 1.5. CD19+ B-lymphocyte counts were decreased. Infections were the most common adverse events. No drug-related serious adverse events were reported. The therapeutic benefit of SM03 was observed mainly in patients with moderate-to-severe disease activity. CONCLUSION Pharmacokinetic exposure increased in a lower-than-dose-proportional manner up to 900 mg. SM03 was well tolerated at doses ranging from 240 mg/m2 to 900 mg, with no new safety signals identified. SM03 has potential efficacy in Chinese patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 41 Damucang, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 41 Damucang, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ji Jiang
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 41 Damucang, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 41 Damucang, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Zhengdong Li
- SinoMab BioScience, Ltd, BioIncubator No. 1-301, Science and Technology Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, Guangdong, China
| | - Shui-On Leung
- SinoMab BioScience, Ltd, BioIncubator No. 1-301, Science and Technology Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fengchun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Pei Hu
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 41 Damucang, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032, China.
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Glienke W, Esser R, Priesner C, Suerth JD, Schambach A, Wels WS, Grez M, Kloess S, Arseniev L, Koehl U. Advantages and applications of CAR-expressing natural killer cells. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:21. [PMID: 25729364 PMCID: PMC4325659 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to donor T cells, natural killer (NK) cells are known to mediate anti-cancer effects without the risk of inducing graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). In order to improve cytotoxicity against resistant cancer cells, auspicious efforts have been made with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing T- and NK cells. These CAR-modified cells express antigen receptors against tumor-associated surface antigens, thus redirecting the effector cells and enhancing tumor-specific immunosurveillance. However, many cancer antigens are also expressed on healthy tissues, potentially leading to off tumor/on target toxicity by CAR-engineered cells. In order to control such potentially severe side effects, the insertion of suicide genes into CAR-modified effectors can provide a means for efficient depletion of these cells. While CAR-expressing T cells have entered successfully clinical trials, experience with CAR-engineered NK cells is mainly restricted to pre-clinical investigations and predominantly to NK cell lines. In this review we summarize the data on CAR expressing NK cells focusing on the possible advantage using these short-lived effector cells and discuss the necessity of suicide switches. Furthermore, we address the compliance of such modified NK cells with regulatory requirements as a new field in cellular immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Glienke
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruth Esser
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Priesner
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia D Suerth
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Winfried S Wels
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Manuel Grez
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephan Kloess
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Lubomir Arseniev
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrike Koehl
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
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