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Oliver AJ, Keam SP, von Scheidt B, Zanker DJ, Harrison AJ, Tantalo DG, Darcy PK, Kershaw MH, Slaney CY. Primary and metastatic breast tumors cross-talk to influence immunotherapy responses. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1802979. [PMID: 32939322 PMCID: PMC7470186 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1802979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of a tumor can alter host immunity systematically. The immune-tumor interaction in one site may impact the local immune microenvironment in distal tissues through the circulation, and therefore influence the efficacy of immunotherapies to distant metastases. Improved understanding of the immune-tumor interactions during immunotherapy treatment in a metastatic setting may enhance the efficacy of current immunotherapies. Here we investigate the response to αPD-1/αCTLA4 and trimAb (αDR5, α4-1BB, αCD40) of 67NR murine breast tumors grown simultaneously in the mammary fat pad (MFP) and lung, a common site of breast cancer metastasis, and compared to tumors grown in isolation. Lung tumors present in isolation were resistant to both therapies. However, in MFP and lung tumor-bearing mice, the presence of a MFP tumor could increase lung tumor response to immunotherapy and decrease the number of lung metastases, leading to complete eradication of lung tumors in a proportion of mice. The MFP tumor influence on lung metastases was mediated by CD8+ T cells, as CD8+ T cell depletion abolished the difference in lung metastases. Furthermore, mice with concomitant MFP and lung tumors had increased tumor specific, effector CD8+ T cells infiltration in the lungs. Thus, we propose a model where tumors in an immunogenic location can give rise to systemic anti-tumor CD8+ T cell responses that could be utilized to target metastatic tumors. These results highlight the requirement for clinical consideration of cross-talk between primary and metastatic tumors for effective immunotherapy for cancers otherwise resistant to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Oliver
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Simon P Keam
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bianca von Scheidt
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Damien J Zanker
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Aaron J Harrison
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniela Gm Tantalo
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phillip K Darcy
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Michael H Kershaw
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Clare Y Slaney
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Martinez A, Delord JP, Ayyoub M, Devaud C. Preclinical and Clinical Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1761. [PMID: 32630708 PMCID: PMC7409311 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past 20 years, the immune system has increasingly been recognized as a major player in tumor cell control, leading to considerable advances in cancer treatment. While promising with regards to melanoma, renal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, immunotherapy provides, for the time being, limited success in other cancers, including ovarian cancer, potentially due to insufficient immunogenicity or to a particularly immunosuppressive microenvironment. In this review, we provide a global description of the immune context of ovarian cancer, in particular epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We describe the adaptive and innate components involved in the EOC immune response, including infiltrating tumor-specific T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and natural killer and myeloid cells. In addition, we highlight the rationale behind the use of EOC preclinical mouse models to assess resistance to immunotherapy, and we summarize the main preclinical studies that yielded anti-EOC immunotherapeutic strategies. Finally, we focus on major published or ongoing immunotherapy clinical trials concerning EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Martinez
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1037, 31037 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (J.-P.D.); (M.A.)
- Department of Surgery, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT), 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Delord
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1037, 31037 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (J.-P.D.); (M.A.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1037, 31037 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (J.-P.D.); (M.A.)
- Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31037 Toulouse, France
- Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Christel Devaud
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1037, 31037 Toulouse, France; (A.M.); (J.-P.D.); (M.A.)
- Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, 31037 Toulouse, France
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Oliver AJ, Lau PKH, Unsworth AS, Loi S, Darcy PK, Kershaw MH, Slaney CY. Tissue-Dependent Tumor Microenvironments and Their Impact on Immunotherapy Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:70. [PMID: 29445373 PMCID: PMC5797771 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cancer immunology have led to a better understanding of the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Tumors can occur at many locations within the body and coevolution between malignant tumor cells and non-malignant cells sculpts the TME at these sites. It has become increasingly clear that there are specific differences of the TMEs at different anatomical locations, and these tissue-specific TMEs regulate tumor growth, determine metastatic progression, and impact on the outcome of therapy responses. Herein, we review the scientific advances in understanding tissue-specific TMEs, discuss their impact on immunotherapeutic response, and assess the current clinical knowledge in this emerging field. A deeper understanding of the tissue-specific TME will help to develop effective immunotherapies against tumors and their metastases and assist in predicting clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Oliver
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter K H Lau
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashleigh S Unsworth
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sherene Loi
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Phillip K Darcy
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael H Kershaw
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Clare Y Slaney
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Apigenin inhibits TNFα/IL-1α-induced CCL2 release through IKBK-epsilon signaling in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175558. [PMID: 28441391 PMCID: PMC5404872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mortality associated with breast cancer is attributable to aggressive metastasis, to which TNFα plays a central orchestrating role. TNFα acts on breast tumor TNF receptors evoking the release of chemotactic proteins (e.g. MCP-1/CCL2). These proteins direct inward infiltration/migration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), T-regulatory cells (Tregs), T helper IL-17-producing cells (Th17s), metastasis-associated macrophages (MAMs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Tumor embedded infiltrates collectively enable immune evasion, tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In the current study, we investigate the potential of apigenin, a known anti-inflammatory constituent of parsley, to downregulate TNFα mediated release of chemokines from human triple-negative cells (MDA-MB-231 cells). The results show that TNFα stimulation leads to large rise of CCL2, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF), IL-1α and IL-6, all suppressed by apigenin. While many aspects of the transcriptome for NFkB signaling were evaluated, the data show signaling patterns associated with CCL2 were blocked by apigenin and mediated through suppressed mRNA and protein synthesis of IKBKe. Moreover, the data show that the attenuation of CCL2 by apigenin in the presence TNFα paralleled the suppression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK 1/ 2). In summary, the obtained findings suggest that there exists a TNFα evoked release of CCL2 and other LSP recruiting cytokines from human breast cancer cells, which can be attenuated by apigenin.
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Murphy KA, James BR, Wilber A, Griffith TS. A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28448047 DOI: 10.3791/55080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) affects > 60,000 people in the United States annually, and ~ 30% of RCC patients have multiple metastases at the time of diagnosis. Metastatic RCC (mRCC) is incurable, with a median survival time of only 18 months. Immune-based interventions (e.g., interferon (IFN) and interleukin (IL)-2) induce durable responses in a fraction of mRCC patients, and multikinase inhibitors (e.g., sunitinib or sorafenib) or anti-VEGF receptor monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are largely palliative, as complete remissions are rare. Such shortcomings in current therapies for mRCC patients provide the rationale for the development of novel treatment protocols. A key component in the preclinical testing of new therapies for mRCC is a suitable animal model. Beneficial features that recapitulate the human condition include a primary renal tumor, renal tumor metastases, and an intact immune system to investigate any therapy-driven immune effector responses and the formation of tumor-induced immunosuppressive factors. This report describes an orthotopic mRCC mouse model that has all of these features. We describe an intrarenal implantation technique using the mouse renal adenocarcinoma cell line Renca, followed by the assessment of tumor growth in the kidney (primary site) and lungs (metastatic site).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Murphy
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | - Britnie R James
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota; Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota
| | - Andrew Wilber
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; Simmons Cancer Institute
| | - Thomas S Griffith
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota; Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota;
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