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Goleij P, Sanaye PM, Alam W, Zhang J, Tabari MAK, Filosa R, Jeandet P, Cheang WS, Efferth T, Khan H. Unlocking daidzein's healing power: Present applications and future possibilities in phytomedicine. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 134:155949. [PMID: 39217652 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and a great threat to people around the world. Cancer treatment modalities include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, radiochemotherapy, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy. The best approach is to use a combination of several types. Among the treatment methods mentioned above, chemotherapy is frequently used, but its activity is hampered by the development of drug resistance and many side effects. In this regard, the use of medicinal plants has been discussed, and in recent decades, the use of isolated phytochemicals came into the focus of interest. By critically evaluating the available evidence and emphasizing the unique perspective offered by this review, we provide insights into the potential of daidzein as a promising therapeutic agent, as well as outline future research directions to optimize its efficacy in clinical settings. PURPOSE To summarized the therapeutic potential of daidzein, an isoflavone phytoestrogen in the management of several human diseases with the focuses on the current status and future prospects as a therapeutic agent. METHODS Several search engines, including PubMed, GoogleScholar, and ScienceDirect, were used, with the search terms "daidzein", "daidzein therapeutic potential", or individual effects. The study included all peer-reviewed articles. However, the most recent publications were given priority. RESULTS Daidzein showed protective effects against malignant diseases such as breast cancer, prostate cancer but also non-malignant diseases such as diabetes, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular diseases. Daidzein activates multiple signaling pathways leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as well as antioxidant and anti-metastatic effects in malignant cells. Moreover, the anticancer effects against different cancer cells were more prominent and discussed in detail. CONCLUSIONS In short, daidzein represents a promising compound for drug development. The comprehensive potential anticancer activities of daidzein through various molecular mechanisms and its therapeutic/clinical status required further detail studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Goleij
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research, Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pantea Majma Sanaye
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research, Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Waqas Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research, Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Rosanna Filosa
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Département de Biologie et Biochimie Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles Université de Reims BP 1039 51687, Reims CEDEX 02, France
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
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Frąszczak K, Barczyński B. The Role of Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:40. [PMID: 38201468 PMCID: PMC10778113 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological cancer and the eighth most common female cancer. The early diagnosis of ovarian cancer remains a clinical problem despite the significant development of technology. Nearly 70% of patients with ovarian cancer are diagnosed with stages III-IV metastatic disease. Reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are currently lacking. Ovarian cancer recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy pose vital problems and translate into poor outcomes. Cancer stem cells appear to be responsible for tumour recurrence resulting from chemotherapeutic resistance. These cells are also crucial for tumour initiation due to the ability to self-renew, differentiate, avoid immune destruction, and promote inflammation and angiogenesis. Studies have confirmed an association between CSC occurrence and resistance to chemotherapy, subsequent metastases, and cancer relapses. Therefore, the elimination of CSCs appears important for overcoming drug resistance and improving prognoses. This review focuses on the expression of selected ovarian CSC markers, including CD133, CD44, CD24, CD117, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, which show potential prognostic significance. Some markers expressed on the surface of CSCs correlate with clinical features and can be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer. However, due to the heterogeneity and plasticity of CSCs, the determination of specific CSC phenotypes is difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bartłomiej Barczyński
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology, Medical University in Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
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Reisenauer KN, Aroujo J, Tao Y, Ranganathan S, Romo D, Taube JH. Therapeutic vulnerabilities of cancer stem cells and effects of natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1432-1456. [PMID: 37103550 PMCID: PMC10524555 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00002h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 1995 to 2022Tumors possess both genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity leading to the survival of subpopulations post-treatment. The term cancer stem cells (CSCs) describes a subpopulation that is resistant to many types of chemotherapy and which also possess enhanced migratory and anchorage-independent growth capabilities. These cells are enriched in residual tumor material post-treatment and can serve as the seed for future tumor re-growth, at both primary and metastatic sites. Elimination of CSCs is a key goal in enhancing cancer treatment and may be aided by application of natural products in conjunction with conventional treatments. In this review, we highlight molecular features of CSCs and discuss synthesis, structure-activity relationships, derivatization, and effects of six natural products with anti-CSC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaquelin Aroujo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor Univesrity, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Yongfeng Tao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor Univesrity, Waco, TX, USA
| | | | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor Univesrity, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Joseph H Taube
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Ma H, Tian T, Cui Z. Targeting ovarian cancer stem cells: a new way out. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:28. [PMID: 36788591 PMCID: PMC9926632 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03244-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy due to tumor heterogeneity, the lack of reliable early diagnosis methods and the high incidence of chemoresistant recurrent disease. Although there are developments in chemotherapies and surgical techniques to improve the overall survival of OC patients, the 5-year survival of advanced OC patients is still low. To improve the prognosis of OC patients, it is important to search for novel therapeutic approaches. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor cells that participate in tumor growth, metastasis and chemoresistance. It is important to study the role of CSCs in a highly heterogeneous disease such as OC, which may be significant to a better understanding of the oncogenetic and metastatic pathways of the disease and to develop novel strategies against its progression and platinum resistance. Here, we summarized the current findings about targeting methods against ovarian cancer stem cells, including related signaling pathways, markers and drugs, to better manage OC patients using CSC-based therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Ma
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Tian
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhumei Cui
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
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Daidzein Activates Akt Pathway to Promote the Proliferation of Female Germline Stem Cells through Upregulating Clec11a. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:3021-3032. [PMID: 35655001 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10394-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Female germline stem cells (FGSCs) have been successfully isolated and characterized from postnatal mammalian and human ovarian tissues. However, the effects and mechanisms of action of natural small-molecule compounds on FGSCs are largely unknown. Here, we found that daidzein promoted the viability and proliferation of FGSCs. To elucidate the mechanism underlying this, we performed RNA-Sequence in daidzein-treated FGSCs and controls. The results showed that there were 153 upregulated and 156 downregulated genes in daidzein treatment. We confirmed the expression of some genes related to cell proliferation in the sequencing results by RT-PCR, such as Type C lectin domain family 11 member a (Clec11a), Mucin1 (Muc1), Glutathione peroxidase 3 (Gpx3), and Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (Tet1). The high expression of Clec11a at the protein level after daidzein treatment was also confirmed by western blotting. Furthermore, recombinant mouse Clec11a (rmClec11a) protein was shown to promote the viability and proliferation of FGSCs. However, knockdown of Clec11a inhibited the viability and proliferation of FGSCs, which could not be rescued by the administration of daidzein. These results indicate that daidzein promoted the viability and proliferation of FGSCs through Clec11a. In addition, both daidzein and rmClec11a activated the Akt signaling pathway in FGSCs. However, Clec11a knockdown inhibited this pathway, which could not be rescued by daidzein administration. Taken together, our findings revealed that daidzein activates the Akt signaling pathway to promote cell viability and proliferation through upregulating Clec11a. This study should deepen our understanding of the developmental mechanism of FGSCs and female infertility.
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Targeting Cancer Stem Cells by Dietary Agents: An Important Therapeutic Strategy against Human Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111669. [PMID: 34769099 PMCID: PMC8584029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a multifactorial disease, treatment of cancer depends on understanding unique mechanisms involved in its progression. The cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor stemness and by enhancing colony formation, proliferation as well as metastasis, and these cells can also mediate resistance to therapy. Furthermore, the presence of CSCs leads to cancer recurrence and therefore their complete eradication can have immense therapeutic benefits. The present review focuses on targeting CSCs by natural products in cancer therapy. The growth and colony formation capacities of CSCs have been reported can be attenuated by the dietary agents. These compounds can induce apoptosis in CSCs and reduce tumor migration and invasion via EMT inhibition. A variety of molecular pathways including STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, Sonic Hedgehog, Gli1 and NF-κB undergo down-regulation by dietary agents in suppressing CSC features. Upon exposure to natural agents, a significant decrease occurs in levels of CSC markers including CD44, CD133, ALDH1, Oct4 and Nanog to impair cancer stemness. Furthermore, CSC suppression by dietary agents can enhance sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In addition to in vitro studies, as well as experiments on the different preclinical models have shown capacity of natural products in suppressing cancer stemness. Furthermore, use of nanostructures for improving therapeutic impact of dietary agents is recommended to rapidly translate preclinical findings for clinical use.
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Sirotkin AV, Alwasel SH, Harrath AH. The Influence of Plant Isoflavones Daidzein and Equol on Female Reproductive Processes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14040373. [PMID: 33920641 PMCID: PMC8073550 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we explore the current literature on the influence of the plant isoflavone daidzein and its metabolite equol on animal and human physiological processes, with an emphasis on female reproduction including ovarian functions (the ovarian cycle; follicullo- and oogenesis), fundamental ovarian-cell functions (viability, proliferation, and apoptosis), the pituitary and ovarian endocrine regulators of these functions, and the possible intracellular mechanisms of daidzein action. Furthermore, we discuss the applicability of daidzein for the control of animal and human female reproductive processes, and how to make this application more efficient. The existing literature demonstrates the influence of daidzein and its metabolite equol on various nonreproductive and reproductive processes and their disorders. Daidzein and equol can both up- and downregulate the ovarian reception of gonadotropins, healthy and cancerous ovarian-cell proliferation, apoptosis, viability, ovarian growth, follicullo- and oogenesis, and follicular atresia. These effects could be mediated by daidzein and equol on hormone production and reception, reactive oxygen species, and intracellular regulators of proliferation and apoptosis. Both the stimulatory and the inhibitory effects of daidzein and equol could be useful for reproductive stimulation, the prevention and mitigation of cancer development, and the adverse effects of environmental stressors in reproductive biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Sirotkin
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-903561120
| | - Saleh Hamad Alwasel
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.A.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.A.); (A.H.H.)
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Yasui H, Kajiyama H, Tamauchi S, Suzuki S, Peng Y, Yoshikawa N, Sugiyama M, Nakamura K, Kikkawa F. CCL2 secreted from cancer-associated mesothelial cells promotes peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer cells through the P38-MAPK pathway. Clin Exp Metastasis 2019; 37:145-158. [PMID: 31541326 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09993-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is considered to secrete various factors in order to promote peritoneal dissemination through cell-to-cell interaction between cancer and mesothelial cells. We previously revealed that TGF-β secreted from EOC induces normal human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) to differentiate into cancer-associated mesothelial cells (CAMCs). However, the relationship between tumor cells and CAMCs in EOC is still unclear. We hypothesized that CAMCs also secrete chemokines that attract cancer cells and induce peritoneal dissemination of EOC. We examined chemokines secreted from HPMCs and CAMCs by human chemokine array, and revealed that conditioned medium of CAMCs (CAMCs-CM) included many types of chemokines. The signals of CCL2 were the highest compared with other chemokines. The secretion and relative expression of CCL2 were significantly higher in CAMCs. Recombinant CCL2 promoted trans-mesothelial migration of HPMCs and the migration and invasion by EOC cells. In addition, CCL2 secreted from CAMCs promoted invasion of EOC cells. Furthermore, the neutralizing antibody of CCL2 reduced invasion by EOC. Clinical outcomes of patients whose tissue expressed higher CCR2 were significantly poorer than in patients whose tissue expression was lower. CCL2 activated the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In addition, CAMCs-CM activated the p38 MAPK pathway. Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK reduced with the presence of neutralizing antibody of CCL2. In conclusion, these data indicate CCL2 in CAMCs-CM promoted the malignant potential of EOC. CCL2 plays a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Yasui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC C13, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Tamauchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Yoshikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mai Sugiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kae Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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Ning Y, Feng W, Cao X, Ren K, Quan M, Chen A, Xu C, Qiu Y, Cao J, Li X, Luo X. Genistein inhibits stemness of SKOV3 cells induced by macrophages co-cultured with ovarian cancer stem-like cells through IL-8/STAT3 axis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:19. [PMID: 30646963 PMCID: PMC6334437 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-1010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies showed that macrophages co-cultured with ovarian cancer stem-like cells (OCSLCs) induced SKOV3 cell stemness via IL-8/STAT3 signaling. Genistein (GEN) demonstrates chemopreventive activity in inflammation-associated cancers. The present study aimed to examine whether and if GEN inhibits the stemness of SKOV3 and OVCA-3R cells induced by co-culture of THP-1 macrophages and SKOV3-derived OCSLCs. METHODS The co-culture was treated with or without different concentrations (10, 20, and 40 μmol/L) of GEN for 24 h. Depletion or addition of IL-8 in Co-CM and knockdown or overexpression of STAT3 in THP-1 macrophages was performed to demonstrate the possible associated mechanisms. The combined effects of GEN and STAT3 knockdown were examined with the nude mouse modle by co-injection of SKOV3-derived OCSLCs with THP-1 macrophages. RESULTS Our results showed that GEN down-regulated CD163 and p-STAT3 expression of THP-1 macrophage, decreased the levels of IL-10, increased the levels of IL-12 and nitric oxide (NO) in the conditioned medium, and reduced the clonogenic and sphere-forming capacities and the expression of CD133 and CD44 in SKOV3 cells induced by co-culture of THP-1 macrophages and OCSLCs in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, depletion or addition of IL-8 enhanced or attenuated the effect of GEN. Additionally, knockdown or overepression of STAT3 in THP-1 macrophages potentiated or attenuated the inhibitory effects of GEN. Importantly, STAT3 overexpression retrieved the effects of IL-8 combined with GEN depletion on M2 polarization of THP-1 macrophages and stemness of SKOV3 cells induced by co-culture. The combination of GEN and STAT3 knockdown cooperatively inhibited the growth of tumors co-inoculated with OCSLCs/THP-1 macrophages in nude mice in vivo through blocking IL-8/STAT3 signaling. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our findings suggested that GEN can inhibit the increased M2 polarization of macrophages and stemness of ovarian cancer cells by co-culture of macrophages with OCSLCs through disrupting IL-8/STAT3 signaling axis. This assisted GEN to be as a potential chemotherapeutic agent in human ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Ning
- grid.470124.4Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120 China ,0000 0004 1760 3828grid.412601.0The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Weifeng Feng
- 0000 0004 1760 3828grid.412601.0The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Xiaocheng Cao
- 0000 0001 0089 3695grid.411427.5Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Kaiqun Ren
- 0000 0001 0089 3695grid.411427.5Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Meifang Quan
- 0000 0001 0089 3695grid.411427.5Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - A. Chen
- 0000 0001 0089 3695grid.411427.5Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Chang Xu
- 0000 0001 0089 3695grid.411427.5Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Yebei Qiu
- 0000 0001 0089 3695grid.411427.5Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- 0000 0001 0089 3695grid.411427.5Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Xiang Li
- 0000 0001 0089 3695grid.411427.5Department of preclinical medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,0000 0001 0089 3695grid.411427.5Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013 China ,Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013 China
| | - Xin Luo
- 0000 0004 1760 3828grid.412601.0The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
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Adipocyte microenvironment promotes Bcl xl expression and confers chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. Apoptosis 2018; 22:558-569. [PMID: 28012060 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to mitochondria-initiated apoptosis is a hallmark of chemoresistant cancer stem cells including CD44+/MyD88+ epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) stem cells. This is controlled by members of the Bcl2 family of proteins, which function as rheostats of mitochondrial stability. We observed a differential expression profile of Bcl2 family members comparing the chemoresistant EOC stem cells and the chemosensitive CD44-/MyD88- EOC cells. Chemoresistant EOC stem cells surprisingly express higher levels of the pro-apoptotic members Bak and Bax compared to the chemosensitive EOC cells. In addition, whereas chemosensitive EOC cells preferentially express Bcl2, chemoresistant EOC stem cells preferentially express Bclxl. In the EOC stem cells, 40% knock-down of Bclxl expression was sufficient to induce the full activation of caspases and this can be reversed by concurrent knock-down of Puma. More importantly, we demonstrate that Bclxl expression levels in EOC cells is dynamic and can be regulated by microenvironments that are enriched with the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 such as the cancer stem cell and adipocyte niches. Adipocyte-induced upregulation of Bclxl correlated with acquisition of chemoresistance and thus demonstrates how a specific microenvironment can regulate the expression of apoptotic proteins and confer chemoresistance.
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Kamal MM, Nazzal S. Novel sulforaphane-enabled self-microemulsifying delivery systems (SFN-SMEDDS) of taxanes: Formulation development and in vitro cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2018; 536:187-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Takigawa H, Kitadai Y, Shinagawa K, Yuge R, Higashi Y, Tanaka S, Yasui W, Chayama K. Multikinase inhibitor regorafenib inhibits the growth and metastasis of colon cancer with abundant stroma. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:601-8. [PMID: 26865419 PMCID: PMC5001714 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction between tumor cells and stromal cells plays an important role in the growth and metastasis of colon cancer. We previously found that carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) expressed platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) and that PDGFR targeted therapy using imatinib or nilotinib inhibited stromal reaction. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migrate to tumor stroma and differentiate into CAFs. A novel oral multikinase inhibitor regorafenib inhibits receptor tyrosine kinases expressed on stromal cells (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1-3, TIE2, PDGFR-β, and fibroblast growth factors) and tumor cells (c-KIT, RET, and BRAF). These molecules are involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and stromal activation. Therefore, we examined whether regorafenib impaired the tumor-promoting effect of CAFs/MSCs. KM12SM human colon cancer cells alone or KM12SM cells with MSCs were transplanted into the cecal wall of nude mice. Co-implantation of KM12SM cells with MSCs into the cecal wall of nude mice produced tumors with abundant stromal component and promoted tumor growth and lymph node metastasis. Single treatment with regorafenib inhibited tumor growth and metastasis by inhibiting both tumor cells and stromal reaction. This tumor-inhibitory effect of regorafenib was more obvious in tumors developed by co-implanting KM12SM cells with MSCs. Our data suggested that targeting of the tumor microenvironment with regorafenib affected tumor cell-MSC interaction, which in turn inhibited the growth and metastasis of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Takigawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and MetabolismHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Yasuhiko Kitadai
- Department of Gastroenterology and MetabolismHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Kei Shinagawa
- Department of EndoscopyHiroshima Prefectural HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Ryo Yuge
- Department of Gastroenterology and MetabolismHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and MedicineHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of EndoscopyHiroshima University HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Department of Molecular PathologyHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and MetabolismHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
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Alvero AB, Heaton A, Lima E, Pitruzzello M, Sumi N, Yang-Hartwich Y, Cardenas C, Steinmacher S, Silasi DA, Brown D, Mor G. TRX-E-002-1 Induces c-Jun-Dependent Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells and Prevents Recurrence In Vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1279-90. [PMID: 27196760 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major hurdle in the management of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and is responsible for its high mortality. Studies have shown that chemoresistance is due to the presence of a subgroup of cancer cells with stemness properties and a high capacity for tumor repair. We have developed a library of super-benzopyran analogues to generate potent compounds that can induce cell death in chemoresistant cancer stem cells. TRX-E-002-1 is identified as the most potent analogue and can induce cell death in all chemoresistant CD44(+)/MyD88(+) ovarian cancer stem cells tested (IC50 = 50 nmol/L). TRX-E-002-1 is also potent against spheroid cultures formed from cancer stem cells, chemosensitive CD44(-)/MyD88(-) ovarian cancer cells, and heterogeneous cultures of ovarian cancer cells. Cell death was associated with the phosphorylation and increased levels of c-Jun and induction of caspases. In vivo, TRX-E-002-1 given as daily intraperitoneal monotherapy at 100 mg/kg significantly decreased intraperitoneal tumor burden compared with vehicle control. When given in combination with cisplatin, animals receiving the combination of cisplatin and TRX-E-002-1 showed decreased tumor burden compared with each monotherapy. Finally, TRX-E-002-1 given as maintenance treatment after paclitaxel significantly delayed disease recurrence. Our results suggest that TRX-E-002-1 may fill the current need for better therapeutic options in the control and management of recurrent ovarian cancer and may help improve patient survival. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(6); 1279-90. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha B Alvero
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Andrew Heaton
- CanTx, New Haven, Connecticut. Novogen Ltd., Hornsby, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eydis Lima
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mary Pitruzzello
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Natalia Sumi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yang Yang-Hartwich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Carlos Cardenas
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sahra Steinmacher
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Dan-Arin Silasi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David Brown
- CanTx, New Haven, Connecticut. Novogen Ltd., Hornsby, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gil Mor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. CanTx, New Haven, Connecticut.
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Qu XL, Fang Y, Zhang M, Zhang YZ. Phytoestrogen intake and risk of ovarian cancer: a meta- analysis of 10 observational studies. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:9085-91. [PMID: 25422183 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.21.9085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiology studies have shown an inconclusive relationship between phytoestrogen intake and ovarian cancer risk and there have been no relevant meta-analyses directly regarding this topic. The purpose of the present meta-analysis was therefore to investigate any association between phytoestrogen intake and ovarian cancer in detail. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a search of PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCO, the Cochrane Library, CNKI and Chinese Biomedical Database (up to April 2014) using common keywords for studies that focused on phytoestrogen and ovarian cancer risk. Study-specific risk estimates (RRs) were pooled using fixed effect or random-effect models. RESULTS Ten epidemiologic studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. The total results indicated higher phytoestrogen intake was associated with a reduced ovarian cancer risk (RR, 0.70; 95%CI: 0.56-0.87). The association was similar in sensitivity analysis. Meta regression analysis demonstrated sources and possibly types and regions as heterogeneous factors. Subgroup analysis of types, sources and regions showed that isoflavones (RR: 0.63; 95%CI: 0.46, 0.86), soy foods (RR: 0.51; 95%CI: 0.39, 0.68) and an Asian diet (RR: 0.48; 95%CI: 0.37, 0.63) intake could reduce the incidence of ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show possible protection by phytoestrogens against ovarian cancer. We emphasize specific phytoestrogens from soy foods, but not all could reduce the risk. The habit of plentiful phytoestrogen intake by Asians is worthy to recommendation. However, we still need additional larger well designed observational studies to fully characterize underlying associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lan Qu
- The Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China E-mail :
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15
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16
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Eiffe E, Pasquier E, Kavallaris M, Herbert C, StC Black D, Kumar N. Synthesis, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activity of novel 2-substituted isoflavenes. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5182-93. [PMID: 25189689 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen novel 2-substituted isoflavenes were synthesised via nucleophilic addition to isoflavylium salts. Twelve of the newly synthesised isoflavenes, along with the unsubstituted parent isoflavene, were tested in cell viability assays against the SHEP neuroblastoma and MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma cell lines. While the 2-substituted isoflavenes displayed a range of anti-proliferative activities, in most cases they were less active that the unsubstituted isoflavene (IC50=9.9 μM vs SHEP; IC50=33 μM vs MDA-MB-231). However, compound 7f, derived from the reaction between isoflavylium salt 5 and para-methoxyacetophenone, showed improved anti-proliferative activity against breast cancer cells (IC50=7.6 μM). Furthermore, compound 7f, as well as analogues 7a, 7c, 11d and 14, inhibited the production of interleukin-6 in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Eiffe
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Eddy Pasquier
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia; Metronomics Global Health Initiative, Marseille, France
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia; Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Cristan Herbert
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David StC Black
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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17
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Pier DM, Shehatou GSG, Giblett S, Pullar CE, Trezise DJ, Pritchard CA, Challiss RAJ, Mitcheson JS. Long-term channel block is required to inhibit cellular transformation by human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG1) potassium channels. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 86:211-21. [PMID: 24830940 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.091439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Both human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG1) and the closely related human ether-à-go-go (hEAG1) channel are aberrantly expressed in a large proportion of human cancers. In the present study, we demonstrate that transfection of hERG1 into mouse fibroblasts is sufficient to induce many features characteristic of malignant transformation. An important finding of this work is that this transformation could be reversed by chronic incubation (for 2-3 weeks) with the hERG channel blocker dofetilide (100 nM), whereas more acute applications (for 1-2 days) were ineffective. The hERG1 expression resulted in a profound loss of cell contact inhibition, multiple layers of overgrowing cells, and high saturation densities. Cells also changed from fibroblast-like to a more spindle-shaped morphology, which was associated with a smaller cell size, a dramatic increase in cell polarization, a reduction in the number of actin stress fibers, and less punctate labeling of focal adhesions. Analysis of single-cell migration and scratch-wound closure clearly demonstrated that hERG1-expressing cells migrated more rapidly than vector-transfected control cells. In contrast to previous studies on hEAG1, there were no increases in rates of proliferation, or loss of growth factor dependency; however, hERG1-expressing cells were capable of substrate-independent growth. Allogeneic transplantation of hERG1-expressing cells into nude mice resulted in an increased incidence of tumors. In contrast to hEAG1, the mechanism of cellular transformation is dependent on ion conduction. Trafficking-deficient and conduction-deficient hERG1 mutants also prevented cellular transformation. These results provide evidence that hERG1 expression is sufficient to induce cellular transformation by a mechanism distinct from hEAG1. The most important conclusion of this study is that selective hERG1 channel blockers have therapeutic potential in the treatment of hERG1-expressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Pier
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - George S G Shehatou
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Susan Giblett
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Christine E Pullar
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Derek J Trezise
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Catrin A Pritchard
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - R A John Challiss
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - John S Mitcheson
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
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Sotiropoulou PA, Christodoulou MS, Silvani A, Herold-Mende C, Passarella D. Chemical approaches to targeting drug resistance in cancer stem cells. Drug Discov Today 2014; 19:1547-62. [PMID: 24819719 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells with high clonogenic capacity and ability to reform parental tumors upon transplantation. Resistance to therapy has been shown for several types of CSC and, therefore, they have been proposed as the cause of tumor relapse. Consequently, much effort has been made to design molecules that can target CSCs specifically and sensitize them to therapy. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying CSC resistance, the potential biological targets to overcome resistance and the chemical compounds showing activity against different types of CSC. The chemical compounds discussed here have been divided according to their origin: natural, natural-derived and synthetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota A Sotiropoulou
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 808 route de Lennik, BatC, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Michael S Christodoulou
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Silvani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Division of Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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19
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Joo WD, Visintin I, Mor G. Targeted cancer therapy--are the days of systemic chemotherapy numbered? Maturitas 2013; 76:308-14. [PMID: 24128673 PMCID: PMC4610026 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapy or molecular targeted therapy has been defined as a type of treatment that blocks the growth of cancer cells by interfering with specific cell molecules required for carcinogenesis and tumor growth, rather than by simply interfering with all rapidly dividing cells as with traditional chemotherapy. There is a growing number of FDA approved monoclonal antibodies and small molecules targeting specific types of cancer suggestive of the growing relevance of this therapeutic approach. Targeted cancer therapies, also referred to as "Personalized Medicine", are being studied for use alone, in combination with other targeted therapies, and in combination with chemotherapy. The objective of personalized medicine is the identification of patients that would benefit from a specific treatment based on the expression of molecular markers. Examples of this approach include bevacizumab and olaparib, which have been designated as promising targeted therapies for ovarian cancer. Combinations of trastuzumab with pertuzumab, or T-DM1 and mTOR inhibitors added to an aromatase inhibitor are new therapeutic strategies for breast cancer. Although this approach has been seen as a major step in the expansion of personalized medicine, it has substantial limitations including its high cost and the presence of serious adverse effects. The Cancer Genome Atlas is a useful resource to identify novel and more effective targets, which may help to overcome the present limitations. In this review we will discuss the clinical outcome of some of these new therapies with a focus on ovarian and breast cancer. We will also discuss novel concepts in targeted therapy, the target of cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Duk Joo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Irene Visintin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gil Mor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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20
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Chefetz I, Alvero AB, Holmberg JC, Lebowitz N, Craveiro V, Yang-Hartwich Y, Yin G, Squillace L, Gurrea Soteras M, Aldo P, Mor G. TLR2 enhances ovarian cancer stem cell self-renewal and promotes tumor repair and recurrence. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:511-21. [PMID: 23324344 DOI: 10.4161/cc.23406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ovarian cancer is responsive to treatment, but chemoresistant recurrent disease ensues in majority of patients. Recent compelling evidence demonstrates that a specific population of cancer cells, the cancer stem cells, initiates and sustains tumors. It is therefore possible that this cell population is also responsible for recurrence. We have shown previously that CD44+/MyD88+ epithelial ovarian cancer stem cells (CD44+/MyD88+ EOC stem cells) are responsible for tumor initiation. In this study, we demonstrate that this population drives tumor repair following surgery- and chemotherapy-induced tumor injury. Using in vivo and in vitro models, we also demonstrate that during the process of tumor repair, CD44+/MyD88+ EOC stem cells undergo self-renewal as evidenced by upregulation of stemness-associated genes. More importantly, we show that a pro-inflammatory microenvironment created by the TLR2-MyD88-NFκB pathway supports EOC stem cell-driven repair and self-renewal. Overall, our findings point to a specific cancer cell population, the CD44+/MyD88+ EOC stem cells and a specific pro-inflammatory pathway, the TLR2-MyD88-NFκB pathway, as two of the required players promoting tumor repair, which is associated with enhanced cancer stem cell load. Identification of these key players is the first step in elucidating the steps necessary to prevent recurrence in EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Chefetz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Reproductive Immunology Unit, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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21
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CHOI EUNJEONG, LEE JAEIN, KIM GUNHEE. Anticancer effects of O-desmethylangolensin are mediated through cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in Hep3B human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2013; 31:726-30. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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22
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Yin G, Alvero AB, Craveiro V, Holmberg JC, Fu HH, Montagna MK, Yang Y, Chefetz-Menaker I, Nuti S, Rossi M, Silasi DA, Rutherford T, Mor G. Constitutive proteasomal degradation of TWIST-1 in epithelial-ovarian cancer stem cells impacts differentiation and metastatic potential. Oncogene 2012; 32:39-49. [PMID: 22349827 PMCID: PMC3703656 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process for embryogenesis but is abnormally activated during cancer metastasis and recurrence. This process enables epithelial cancer cells to acquire mobility and traits associated with stemness. It is unknown whether epithelial stem cells or epithelial cancer stem cells are able to undergo EMT, and what molecular mechanism regulates this process in these specific cell types. We found that Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Stem cells (EOC stem cells) are the source of metastatic progenitor cells through a differentiation process involving EMT and Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition (MET). We demonstrate both in vivo and in vitro the differentiation of EOC stem cells into mesenchymal spheroid-forming cells (MSFCs) and their capacity to initiate an active carcinomatosis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that human EOC stem cells injected i.p in mice are able to form ovarian tumors, suggesting that the EOC stem cells have the ability to “home” to the ovaries and establish tumors. Most interestingly, we found that TWIST1 is constitutively degraded in EOC stem cells, and that the acquisition of TWIST1 requires additional signals that will trigger the differentiation process. These findings are relevant for understanding the differentiation and metastasis process in EOC stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Reproductive Immunology Unit, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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23
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Leizer AL, Alvero AB, Fu HH, Holmberg JC, Cheng YC, Silasi DA, Rutherford T, Mor G. Regulation of inflammation by the NF-κB pathway in ovarian cancer stem cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 65:438-47. [PMID: 20825380 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2010.00914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The NFκB pathway is a major source of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may contribute to cancer chemoresistance. We showed that constitutive NFκB activity is characteristic of the ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs). The aim of this study is to determine whether the inhibition of NFκB by Eriocalyxin B (EriB) in the OCSCs may induce cell death in otherwise chemoresistant cells. METHODS OCSCs and mature ovarian cancer cells (mOCCs) were treated with increasing concentrations of EriB. Cell viability was measured using the Celltiter 96 assay, and caspase activity was quantified using Caspase-Glo™ assay. Cytokine levels were quantified using xMAP technology. RESULTS EriB decreased the percent of viable cells in all cultures tested with GI(50) of 0.5-1 μm after 48 hrs of treatment. The intracellular changes associated with EriB-induced cell death are: (i) inhibition of NF-κB activity; (ii) decreased cytokine production; (iii) activation of caspases; and (iv) down-regulation of XIAP. In addition, EriB is able to sensitize OCSCs to TNFα and FasL-mediated cell death. CONCLUSION Inhibition of the NFκB pathway induces cell death in the OCSCs. Because the OCSCs may represent the source of recurrence and chemoresistance, the use of NFκB inhibitors like EriB may prevent recurrence in patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliza L Leizer
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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