1
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Goetten ALF, Barreta MH, Pinto da Silva Y, Bertolin K, Koch J, Rocha CC, Dias Gonçalves PB, Price CA, Antoniazzi AQ, Portela VM. FGF18 impairs blastocyst viability, DNA double-strand breaks and maternal recognition of pregnancy genes. Theriogenology 2024; 225:81-88. [PMID: 38796960 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Embryonic mortality in cattle is high, reaching 10-40 % in vivo and 60-70 % in vitro. Death of embryos involves reduced expression of genes related to embryonic viability, inhibition of DNA repair and increased DNA damage. In follicular granulosa cells, FGF18 from the theca layer increases apoptosis and DNA damage, so we hypothesized that FGF18 may also affect the oocyte and contribute to early embryonic death. The aims of this study were to identify the effects of FGF18 on cumulus expansion, oocyte maturation and embryo development from cleavage to blastocyst stage using a conventional bovine in vitro embryo production system using ovaries of abattoir origin. Addition of FGF18 during in-vitro maturation did not affect FSH-induced cumulus expansion or rates of nuclear maturation. When FGF18 was present in the culture system, rates of cleavage were not affected however, blastocyst and expanded blastocyst development was substantially inhibited (P < 0.05), indicating a delay of blastulation. The number of phosphorylated histone H2AFX foci per nucleus, a marker of DNA damage, was higher in cleavage-stage embryos cultured with FGF18 than in those from control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, FGF18 decreased accumulation of PTGS2 and IFNT2 mRNA in blastocysts. In conclusion, these novel findings suggest that FGF18 plays a role in the regulation of embryonic death during the early stages of development by impairing DNA double-strand break repair and expression of genes associated with embryo viability and maternal recognition of pregnancy during the progression from oocyte to expanded blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Lucio Fontana Goetten
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction Physiology, LAFRA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcos Henrique Barreta
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction Physiology, LAFRA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
| | - Yago Pinto da Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction Physiology, LAFRA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
| | - Kalyne Bertolin
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Júlia Koch
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Constantino Rocha
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction Physiology, LAFRA, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Bayard Dias Gonçalves
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Molecular and Integrative Physiology of Reproduction Laboratory, MINT, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Christopher Alan Price
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Alfredo Quites Antoniazzi
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Valerio Marques Portela
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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2
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Ma JY, Xia TJ, Li S, Yin S, Luo SM, Li G. Germline cell de novo mutations and potential effects of inflammation on germline cell genome stability. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:316-327. [PMID: 36376195 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled pathogenic genome mutations in germline cells might impair adult fertility, lead to birth defects or even affect the adaptability of a species. Understanding the sources of DNA damage, as well as the features of damage response in germline cells are the overarching tasks to reduce the mutations in germline cells. With the accumulation of human genome data and genetic reports, genome variants formed in germline cells are being extensively explored. However, the sources of DNA damage, the damage repair mechanisms, and the effects of DNA damage or mutations on the development of germline cells are still unclear. Besides exogenous triggers of DNA damage such as irradiation and genotoxic chemicals, endogenous exposure to inflammation may also contribute to the genome instability of germline cells. In this review, we summarized the features of de novo mutations and the specific DNA damage responses in germline cells and explored the possible roles of inflammation on the genome stability of germline cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yu Ma
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tian-Jin Xia
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shen Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Shi-Ming Luo
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guowei Li
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Somfai T, Haraguchi S, Dang-Nguyen TQ, Kaneko H, Kikuchi K. Vitrification of porcine immature oocytes and zygotes results in different levels of DNA damage which reflects developmental competence to the blastocyst stage. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282959. [PMID: 36930621 PMCID: PMC10022796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of vitrification of porcine oocytes either at the immature Germinal Vesicle (GV) stage before in vitro maturation (GV-stage oocytes) or at the pronuclear stage after in vitro maturation and fertilization (zygotes) on DNA integrity in relevance with their subsequent embryo development. Vitrification at the GV stage but not at the pronuclear stage significantly increased the abundance of double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the DNA measured by the relative fluorescence after γH2AX immunostaining. Treatment of GV-stage oocytes with cryoprotectant agents alone had no effect on DSB levels. When oocytes were vitrified at the GV stage and subjected to in vitro maturation and fertilization (Day 0) and embryo culture, significantly increased DSB levels were detected in subsequent cleavage-stage embryos which were associated with low cell numbers on Day 2, the upregulation of the RAD51 gene at the 4-8 cell stage (measured by RT-qPCR) and reduced developmental ability to the blastocyst stage when compared with the non-vitrified control. However, total cell numbers and percentages of apoptotic cells (measured by TUNEL) in resultant blastocysts were not different from those of the non-vitrified control. On the other hand, vitrification of zygotes had no effect on DSB levels and the expression of DNA-repair genes in resultant embryos, and their development did not differ from that of the non-vitrified control. These results indicate that during vitrification GV-stage oocytes are more susceptible to DNA damages than zygotes, which affects their subsequent development to the blastocyst stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Somfai
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Seiki Haraguchi
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Thanh Quang Dang-Nguyen
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kaneko
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kikuchi
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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4
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Wang H, Ming X, Zhang S, Chen J, Liu X, Wu X, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Cui W, Li W, Liu Y. Knockdown of Toe1 causes developmental arrest during the morula-to-blastocyst transition in mice. Theriogenology 2022; 194:154-161. [PMID: 36257135 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The target of EGR1 protein 1 (TOE1) is evolutionarily conserved from Caenorhabditis elegans to mammals, which plays a critical role in the maturation of a variety of small nuclear RNAs. Mutation in human TOE1 has been reported to cause pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7, a severe neurodegenerative syndrome. However, the role of TOE1 in early embryonic development remains unclear. Herein, we found that Toe1 mRNA and protein were expressed in mouse preimplantation embryos. Silencing Toe1 by siRNA led to morula-to-blastocyst transition failure. This developmental arrest can be rescued by Toe1 mRNA microinjection. EdU incorporation assay showed a defect in blastomere proliferation within developmentally arrested embryos. Further studies revealed that Toe1 knockdown caused increased signals for γH2AX and micronuclei, indicative of sustained DNA damage. Moreover, mRNA levels of cell cycle inhibitor p21 were significantly upregulated in Toe1 knockdown embryos before developmental arrest. Together, these results suggest that TOE1 is indispensable for mouse early embryo development potentially through maintaining genomic integrity. Our findings provide further insight into the role of TOE1 in mouse preimplantation embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcheng Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, 236037, China; Linquan Modern Agricultural Technology Cooperation and Extension Service Center, The Anhui Agricultural University's Comprehensive Experimental Station in the Northwest of Anhui Province, Linquan, Anhui, 236400, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, 236037, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, 236037, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, 236037, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, 236037, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, 236037, China
| | - Shangrong Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, 236037, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Linquan Modern Agricultural Technology Cooperation and Extension Service Center, The Anhui Agricultural University's Comprehensive Experimental Station in the Northwest of Anhui Province, Linquan, Anhui, 236400, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Animal Models Core Facility, Institute for Applied Life Sciences (IALS), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - Wenyong Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, 236037, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, 236037, China; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Animal Models Core Facility, Institute for Applied Life Sciences (IALS), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA.
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5
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Shi L, Zhai Y, Zhao Y, Kong X, Zhang D, Yu H, Li Z. ELF4 is critical to zygotic gene activation and epigenetic reprogramming during early embryonic development in pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:954601. [PMID: 35928113 PMCID: PMC9343831 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.954601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zygotic gene activation (ZGA) and epigenetic reprogramming are critical in early embryonic development in mammals, and transcription factors are involved in regulating these events. However, the effects of ELF4 on porcine embryonic development remain unclear. In this study, the expression of ELF4 was detected in early porcine embryos and different tissues. By knocking down ELF4, the changes of H3K9me3 modification, DNA methylation and ZGA-related genes were analyzed. Our results showed that ELF4 was expressed at all stages of early porcine embryos fertilized in vitro (IVF), with the highest expression level at the 8-cell stage. The embryonic developmental competency and blastocyst quality decreased after ELF4 knockdown (20.70% control vs. 17.49% si-scramble vs. 2.40% si-ELF4; p < 0.001). Knockdown of ELF4 induced DNA damage at the 4-cell stage. Interfering with ELF4 resulted in abnormal increases in H3K9me3 and DNA methylation levels at the 4-cell stage and inhibited the expression of genes related to ZGA. These results suggest that ELF4 affects ZGA and embryonic development competency in porcine embryos by maintaining genome integrity and regulating dynamic changes of H3K9me3 and DNA methylation, and correctly activating ZGA-related genes to promote epigenetic reprogramming. These results provide a theoretical basis for further studies on the regulatory mechanisms of ELF4 in porcine embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhui Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanshen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangjie Kong
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Daoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Hao Yu
| | - Ziyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ziyi Li
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6
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Cleavage of Early Mouse Embryo with Damaged DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073516. [PMID: 35408877 PMCID: PMC8998204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The preimplantation period of embryogenesis is crucial during mammalian ontogenesis. During this period, the mitotic cycles are initiated, the embryonic genome is activated, and the primary differentiation of embryonic cells occurs. All cellular abnormalities occurring in this period are the primary cause of fetal developmental disorders. DNA damage is a serious cause of developmental failure. In the context of DNA damage response on the cellular level, we analyzed the course of embryogenesis and phenotypic changes during the cleavage of a preimplantation embryo. Our results document that DNA damage induced before the resumption of DNA synthesis in a zygote can significantly affect the preimplantation development of the embryo. This developmental ability is related to the level of the DNA damage. We showed that one-cell embryos can correct the first cleavage cycle despite low DNA damage and incomplete replication. It seems that the phenomenon creates a predisposition to a segregation disorder of condensed chromatin that results in the formation of micronuclei in the developmental stages following the first cleavage. We conclude that zygote tolerates a certain degree of DNA damage and considers its priority to complete the first cleavage stage and continue embryogenesis as far as possible.
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7
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Lin T, Sun L, Lee JE, Kim SY, Jin DI. DNA damage repair is suppressed in porcine aged oocytes. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 63:984-997. [PMID: 34796342 PMCID: PMC8564305 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to evaluate DNA damage and repair in porcine postovulatory aged
oocytes. The DNA damage response, which was assessed by H2A.X expression,
increased in porcine aged oocytes over time. However, the aged oocytes exhibited
a significant decrease in the expression of RAD51, which reflects the DNA damage
repair capacity. Further experiments suggested that the DNA repair ability was
suppressed by the downregulation of genes involved in the homologous
recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways. The expression
levels of the cell cycle checkpoint genes, CHEK1 and
CHEK2, were upregulated in porcine aged oocytes in response
to induced DNA damage. Immunofluorescence results revealed that the expression
level of H3K79me2 was significantly lower in porcine aged oocytes than in
control oocytes. In addition, embryo quality was significantly reduced in aged
oocytes, as assessed by measuring the cell proliferation capacity. Our results
provide evidence that DNA damage is increased and the DNA repair ability is
suppressed in porcine aged oocytes. These findings increase our understanding of
the events that occur during postovulatory oocyte aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China.,Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Ling Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China.,Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jae Eun Lee
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Dong Il Jin
- Division of Animal & Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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8
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Winiarczyk D, Piliszek A, Sampino S, Lukaszewicz M, Modli Ski JA. Embryo structure reorganisation reduces the probability of apoptosis in preimplantation mouse embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:725-735. [PMID: 34488937 DOI: 10.1071/rd21074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death plays a key role in mammalian development because the morphological events of an organism's formation are dependent on apoptosis. In the mouse development, the first apoptotic waves occur physiologically at the blastocyst stage. Cell number and the mean nucleus to cytoplasm (N/C) ratio increase exponentially throughout subsequent embryo cleavages, while cell volume concurrently decreases from the zygote to blastocyst stage. In this study we tested the hypothesis that reorganisation of the embryo structure by manipulating cell number, the N/C ratio and the cell volume of 2-cell embryos may result in the earlier and more frequent occurrence of apoptosis. The results indicate that doubling ('Aggregates' group) or halving ('Embryos 1/2' group) the initial cell number and modifying embryo volume, ploidy ('Embryos 4n' group) and the N/C ratio ('Embryos 2/1' group) reduce the probability of apoptosis in the resulting embryos. There was a higher probability of apoptosis in the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, but apoptotic cells were never observed at the morula stage in any of the experimental groups. Thus, manipulation of cell number, embryo volume, the N/C ratio and ploidy cause subtle changes in the occurrence of apoptosis, although these are mostly dependent on embryo stage and cell lineage (trophectoderm or inner cell mass), which have the greatest effect on the probability of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Winiarczyk
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland; and Corresponding authors. ;
| | - Anna Piliszek
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Silvestre Sampino
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Marek Lukaszewicz
- Department of Animal Improvement and Nutrigenomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Jacek Andrzej Modli Ski
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland; and Corresponding authors. ;
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9
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Glanzner WG, Gutierrez K, Rissi VB, de Macedo MP, Lopez R, Currin L, Dicks N, Baldassarre H, Agellon LB, Bordignon V. Histone Lysine Demethylases KDM5B and KDM5C Modulate Genome Activation and Stability in Porcine Embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:151. [PMID: 32211412 PMCID: PMC7076052 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The lysine demethylases KDM5B and KDM5C are highly, but transiently, expressed in porcine embryos around the genome activation stage. Attenuation of KDM5B and KDM5C mRNA hampered embryo development to the blastocyst stage in fertilized, parthenogenetically activated and nuclear transfer embryos. While KDM5B attenuation increased H3K4me2-3 levels on D3 embryos and H3K4me1-2-3 on D5 embryos, KDM5C attenuation increased H3K9me1 on D3 embryos, and H3K9me1 and H3K4me1 on D5 embryos. The relative mRNA abundance of EIF1AX and EIF2A on D3 embryos, and the proportion of D4 embryos presenting a fluorescent signal for uridine incorporation were severely reduced in both KDM5B- and KDM5C-attenuated compared to control embryos, which indicate a delay in the initiation of the embryo transcriptional activity. Moreover, KDM5B and KDM5C attenuation affected DNA damage response and increased DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), and decreased development of UV-irradiated embryos. Findings from this study revealed that both KDM5B and KDM5C are important regulators of early development in porcine embryos as their attenuation altered H3K4 and H3K9 methylation patterns, perturbed embryo genome activation, and decreased DNA damage repair capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Giehl Glanzner
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Karina Gutierrez
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Vitor Braga Rissi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction - BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Rosalba Lopez
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Luke Currin
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Naomi Dicks
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Hernan Baldassarre
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Luis B Agellon
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
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10
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Ma N, Mochel NRD, Pham PD, Yoo TY, Cho KWY, Digman MA. Label-free assessment of pre-implantation embryo quality by the Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM)-phasor approach. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13206. [PMID: 31519916 PMCID: PMC6744410 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of quantitative, safe and rapid techniques for assessing embryo quality provides significant advances in Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). Instead of assessing the embryo quality by the standard morphologic evaluation, we apply the phasor-FLIM (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy) method to capture endogenous fluorescent biomarkers of pre-implantation embryos as a non-morphological caliber for embryo quality. Here, we identify, under hypoxic and non-hypoxic conditions, the unique spectroscopic trajectories at different stages of mouse pre-implantation development, which is referred to as the developmental, or “D-trajectory”, that consists of fluorescence lifetime from different stages of mouse pre-implantation embryos. The D-trajectory correlates with intrinsic fluorescent species from a distinctive energy metabolism and oxidized lipids, as seen with Third Harmonic Generation (THG) that changes over time. In addition, we have defined a non-morphological Embryo Viability Index (EVI) to distinguish pre-implantation embryo quality using the Distance Analysis (DA), a machine learning algorithm to process the fluorescence lifetime distribution patterns. We show, under our experimental conditions, that the phasor-FLIM approach provides a much-needed non-invasive quantitative technology for identifying healthy embryos at the early compaction stage with 86% accuracy. The DA and phasor-FLIM method may provide the opportunity to improve implantation success rates for in vitro fertilization clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Laboratory of Fluorescence Dynamics (LFD), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nabora Reyes de Mochel
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA
| | - Paula Duyen Pham
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tae Yeon Yoo
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ken W Y Cho
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Michelle A Digman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA. .,Laboratory of Fluorescence Dynamics (LFD), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA. .,Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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11
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Yao T, Suzuki R, Furuta N, Suzuki Y, Kabe K, Tokoro M, Sugawara A, Yajima A, Nagasawa T, Matoba S, Yamagata K, Sugimura S. Live-cell imaging of nuclear-chromosomal dynamics in bovine in vitro fertilised embryos. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7460. [PMID: 29748644 PMCID: PMC5945782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25698-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear/chromosomal integrity is an important prerequisite for the assessment of embryo quality in artificial reproductive technology. However, lipid-rich dark cytoplasm in bovine embryos prevents its observation by visible light microscopy. We performed live-cell imaging using confocal laser microscopy that allowed long-term imaging of nuclear/chromosomal dynamics in bovine in vitro fertilised (IVF) embryos. We analysed the relationship between nuclear/chromosomal aberrations and in vitro embryonic development and morphological blastocyst quality. Three-dimensional live-cell imaging of 369 embryos injected with mRNA encoding histone H2B-mCherry and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-α-tubulin was performed from single-cell to blastocyst stage for eight days; 17.9% reached the blastocyst stage. Abnormalities in the number of pronuclei (PN), chromosomal segregation, cytokinesis, and blastomere number at first cleavage were observed at frequencies of 48.0%, 30.6%, 8.1%, and 22.2%, respectively, and 13.0%, 6.2%, 3.3%, and 13.4%, respectively, for abnormal embryos developed into blastocysts. A multivariate analysis showed that abnormal chromosome segregation (ACS) and multiple PN correlated with delayed timing and abnormal blastomere number at first cleavage, respectively. In morphologically transferrable blastocysts, 30-40% of embryos underwent ACS and had abnormal PN. Live-cell imaging may be useful for analysing the association between nuclear/chromosomal dynamics and embryonic development in bovine embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuma Yao
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology (BOST), Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
- Research and Development Center, Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Rie Suzuki
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology (BOST), Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Natsuki Furuta
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology (BOST), Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Suzuki
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology (BOST), Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kabe
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology (BOST), Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Mikiko Tokoro
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology (BOST), Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
- Asada Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Asada Ladies Clinic, Aichi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sugawara
- Department of Biological Production, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, University of Hawaii Medical School, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Akira Yajima
- Department of Biological Production, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nagasawa
- Department of Biological Production, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Matoba
- Division of Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO (NILGS), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamagata
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology (BOST), Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Sugimura
- Department of Biological Production, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
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12
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Bohrer RC, Dicks N, Gutierrez K, Duggavathi R, Bordignon V. Double‐strand DNA breaks are mainly repaired by the homologous recombination pathway in early developing swine embryos. FASEB J 2018; 32:1818-1829. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700800r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Naomi Dicks
- Department of Animal ScienceMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Karina Gutierrez
- Department of Animal ScienceMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Raj Duggavathi
- Department of Animal ScienceMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal ScienceMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
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13
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Bittner L, Wyck S, Herrera C, Siuda M, Wrenzycki C, van Loon B, Bollwein H. Negative effects of oxidative stress in bovine spermatozoa on in vitro development and DNA integrity of embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 30:1359-1368. [DOI: 10.1071/rd17533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress in spermatozoa has effects on subsequent embryo development. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether sperm oxidative stress results in increased DNA damage in the embryo. To this end, bovine spermatozoa were incubated for 1 h at 37°C without or with 100 µM H2O2, resulting in non-oxidised (NOX-S) and oxidised (OX-S) spermatozoa respectively. Non-incubated spermatozoa served as the control group (CON-S). After IVF, developmental rates 30, 46 and 60 h and 7 days after IVF were assessed. DNA damage was analysed in embryos using the comet assay and a DNA damage marker (γH2AX immunostaining); the apoptotic index was determined in blastocysts. Exposure of spermatozoa to H2O2 induced a significant amount of sperm chromatin damage. The use of OX-S in IVF resulted in significantly reduced cleavage and blastocyst rates compared with the use of CON-S and NOX-S. Furthermore, in embryos resulting from the use of OX-S, a developmental delay was evident 30 and 46 h after IVF. γH2AX immunostaining was lower in blastocysts than in early embryos. In blastocysts, the comet and apoptotic indices were significantly higher in embryos resulting from the use of OX-S than CON-S and NOX-S. In conclusion, oxidative stress in spermatozoa induces developmental abnormalities and is a source of DNA damage in the resulting embryos.
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14
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Guo J, Zhao MH, Shin KT, Niu YJ, Ahn YD, Kim NH, Cui XS. The possible molecular mechanisms of bisphenol A action on porcine early embryonic development. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8632. [PMID: 28819136 PMCID: PMC5561233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental contaminant widely used in the plastic industry. BPA has been demonstrated to be an endocrine disruptor and has an adverse effect on the embryonic development of mammals. However, the mechanism of action of BPA is limited. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanism of BPA in porcine embryonic development. First, the parthenotes were treated with different concentrations of BPA. We found that blastocyst formation was impaired and the parthenotes were arrested at the 4-cell stage after treatment with 100 μm BPA. Second, ROS increased following the addition of BPA, which further caused mitochondrial damage, and cytochrome c was released from the mitochondria to induce apoptosis. The adaptive response was demonstrated through LC3 immunofluorescence staining and by assessing autophagy-related gene expression. In addition, BPA caused DNA damage through the p53-p21 signaling pathway. Thus, our results indicate that BPA displays an adverse effect on porcine early embryonic development through mitochondrial and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Insititute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Shin
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying-Jie Niu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Ahn
- Cheongwon Natural Island, 203, Urongni, Seowongu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 362-823, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Jin ZL, Kim NH. RAD51 maintains chromosome integrity and mitochondrial distribution during porcine oocyte maturation in vitro. J Reprod Dev 2017; 63:489-496. [PMID: 28757527 PMCID: PMC5649098 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2017-078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1 (RAD51) plays a central role in homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA breaks. HR depends on the formation of a RAD51 recombinase filament that facilitates strand invasion. However, the role of RAD51 during porcine oocyte maturation is unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression and function of RAD51 during porcine oocyte maturation in vitro. RAD51 was mainly localized to the nucleus at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage, and was widely distributed in the cytoplasm between the GV breakdown (GVBD) and metaphase II stage. DNA damage induced by etoposide was accompanied by the formation of RAD51 foci that were colocalized with γH2AX. Inhibition of RAD51 increased DNA damage and induced metaphase I arrest along with spindle defects, chromosomal misalignment, and abnormal spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) activity. Inhibition of RAD51 also increased ROS levels and led to an abnormal mitochondrial distribution. Our results indicate that RAD51 plays a critical role in maintaining chromosome integrity and mitochondrial activity during porcine oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Long Jin
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
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16
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Chen H, Qu Z, Liu W. Effects of Simulated Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Radiation on Fertilization and Embryo Development. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2017; 36:123-129. [PMID: 27983879 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1261974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of 935-MHz electromagnetic radiation (ER) on fertilization and subsequent embryonic development in mice. Ovulating mice were irradiated at three ER intensities for 4 h/day (d) or 2 h/d for three consecutive days; the ova were then harvested for in vitro fertilization to observe the 6-h fertilization rate (6-FR), 72-h morula rate (72-MR), and 110-h blastula rate (110-BR). Compared with the control group, the 6-FR, 72-MR, and 110-BR were decreased in the low ER intensity group, but the differences were not significant; in the mid- and high-intensity ER groups, 72-MR and 110-BR in the 4 h/d and 2 h/d subgroups were decreased, showing significant differences compared with the control group. Moreover, the comparison between 4 h/d and 2 h/d subgroups showed significant differences. Mid- and high-intensity ER at 935 MHz can reduce the fertilization rate in mice, and reduce the blastulation rate, thus reducing the possibility of embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- a Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Zaiqing Qu
- b The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- a Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
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17
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Greulich KO. Manipulation of cells with laser microbeam scissors and optical tweezers: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:026601. [PMID: 28008877 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/80/2/026601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of laser microbeams and optical tweezers in a wide field of biological applications from genomic to immunology is discussed. Microperforation is used to introduce a well-defined amount of molecules into cells for genetic engineering and optical imaging. The microwelding of two cells induced by a laser microbeam combines their genetic outfit. Microdissection allows specific regions of genomes to be isolated from a whole set of chromosomes. Handling the cells with optical tweezers supports investigation on the attack of immune systems against diseased or cancerous cells. With the help of laser microbeams, heart infarction can be simulated, and optical tweezers support studies on the heartbeat. Finally, laser microbeams are used to induce DNA damage in living cells for studies on cancer and ageing.
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18
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Guo J, Shin KT, Cui XS. Analysis of Cyclin E1 Functions in Porcine Preimplantation Embryonic Development by Fluorescence Microscopy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2017; 23:69-76. [PMID: 28162122 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616012733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) is a core component of cell cycle regulation that drives the transition into the S phase. CCNE1 plays critical roles in cell cycle, cell proliferation, and cellular functions. However, the function of CCNE1 in early embryonic development is limited. In the present study, the function and expression of Ccne1 in porcine early parthenotes were examined. Immunostaining experiments showed that CCNE1 localized in the nucleus, starting at the four-cell stage. Knockdown of Ccne1 by double-stranded RNA resulted in the failure of blastocyst formation and induced blastocyst apoptosis. Ccne1 depletion increased expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax, and decreased the expression of Oct4 and the rate of inner cell mass (ICM)/trophectoderm formation. The results indicated that CCNE1 affects blastocyst formation by inducing cell apoptosis and ICM formation during porcine embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Animal Sciences,Chungbuk National University,Chungbuk,Cheongju 361-763,Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Shin
- Department of Animal Sciences,Chungbuk National University,Chungbuk,Cheongju 361-763,Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Sciences,Chungbuk National University,Chungbuk,Cheongju 361-763,Republic of Korea
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19
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Xu YW, Cao LR, Wang M, Xu Y, Wu X, Liu J, Tong C, Fan HY. Maternal DCAF2 is crucial for maintenance of genome stability during the first cell cycle in mice. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:3297-3307. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.206664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise regulation of DNA replication and genome integrity is crucial for gametogenesis and early embryogenesis. Cullin ring-finger ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4) has multiple functions in the maintenance of germ cell survival, oocyte meiotic maturation, and maternal-zygotic transition in mammals. DDB1-cullin 4-associated factor-2 (DCAF2, also known as DTL or CDT2) is an evolutionarily conserved substrate receptor of CRL4. To determine whether DCAF2 is a key CRL4 substrate adaptor in mammalian oocytes, we generated a novel mouse strain that carries a Dcaf2 allele flanked by LoxP sequences, and specifically deleted Dcaf2 in oocytes. Dcaf2 knockout in mouse oocytes leads to female infertility. Although Dcaf2 null oocytes were able to develop and mature normally, the embryos derived from them were arrested at 1- to 2-cell stages owing to prolonged DNA replication and accumulation of massive DNA damage. These results indicate that DCAF2 is a previously unrecognized maternal factor that safeguards zygotic genome stability. Maternal DCAF2 protein is crucial for prevention of DNA rereplication in the first and unique mitotic cell cycle of the zygote.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Xu
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301158, China
| | - Lan-Rui Cao
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301158, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junping Liu
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chao Tong
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301158, China
| | - Heng-Yu Fan
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 301158, China
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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20
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Wang H, Luo Y, Zhao MH, Lin Z, Kwon J, Cui XS, Kim NH. DNA double-strand breaks disrupted the spindle assembly in porcine oocytes. Mol Reprod Dev 2015; 83:132-43. [PMID: 26642846 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We used etoposide (25-100 µg/mL) to induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in porcine oocytes at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage to determine how such damage affects oocyte maturation. We observed that DNA damage did not delay the rate of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), but did inhibit the final stages of maturation, as indicated by the failure to extrude the first polar body. Oocytes with low levels of DSBs failed to effectively activate ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase, while those with severe DNA DSBs failed to activate checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1)--the two regulators of the DNA damage response pathway--indicating that porcine oocytes lack an efficient G2/M phase checkpoint. DSBs induced spindle defects and chromosomal misalignments, leading to the arrest of these oocytes at meiotic metaphase I. The activity of maturation-promoting factor also did not increase appropriately in oocytes with DNA DSBs, although its abundance was sufficient to promote GVBD and chromosomal condensation. Following parthenogenetic activation, embryos from etoposide-treated oocytes formed numerous micronuclei. Thus, our results indicate that DNA DSBs do not efficiently activate the ATM/CHK1-dependent DNA-damage checkpoint in porcine oocytes, allowing these DNA-impaired oocytes to enter M phase. Oocytes with DNA damage did, however, arrest at metaphase I in response to spindle defects and chromosomal misalignments, which limited the ability of these oocytes to reach meiotic metaphase II.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiYang Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Naesudong-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - YiBo Luo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Naesudong-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Naesudong-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - ZiLi Lin
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Naesudong-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Kwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Naesudong-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Naesudong-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Naesudong-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
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21
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Effect of ATM and HDAC Inhibition on Etoposide-Induced DNA Damage in Porcine Early Preimplantation Embryos. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142561. [PMID: 26556501 PMCID: PMC4640854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte maturation and embryonic development are sensitive to DNA damage. Compared with somatic cells or oocytes, little is known about the response to DNA damage in early preimplantation embryos. In this study, we examined DNA damage checkpoints and DNA repair mechanisms in parthenogenetic preimplantation porcine embryos. We found that most of the etoposide-treated embryos showed delay in cleavage and ceased development before the blastocyst stage. In DNA-damaged embryos, the earliest positive TUNEL signals were detected on Day 5 of in vitro culture. Caffeine, which is an ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein) kinase inhibitor, and KU55933, which is an ATM kinase inhibitor, were equally effective in rescuing the etoposide-induced cell-cycle blocks. This indicates that ATM plays a central role in the regulation of the checkpoint mechanisms. Treating the embryos with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) increased embryonic development and reduced etoposide-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs). The mRNA expression of genes involved in non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) pathways for DSB repair was reduced upon HDACi treatment in 5-day-old embryos. Furthermore, HDACi treatment increased the expression levels of pluripotency-related genes (OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG) and decreased the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (CASP3 and BAX). These results indicate that early embryonic cleavage and development are disturbed by etoposide-induced DNA damage. ATMi (caffeine or KU55933) treatment bypasses the checkpoint while HDACi treatment improves the efficiency of DSB repair to increase the cleavage and blastocyst rate in porcine early preimplantation embryos.
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22
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Lin F, Ma XS, Wang ZB, Wang ZW, Luo YB, Huang L, Jiang ZZ, Hu MW, Schatten H, Sun QY. Different fates of oocytes with DNA double-strand breaks in vitro and in vivo. Cell Cycle 2015; 13:2674-80. [PMID: 25486355 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2015.945375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In female mice, despite the presence of slight DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), fully grown oocytes are able to undergo meiosis resumption as indicated by germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD); however, severe DNA DSBs do reduce and delay entry into M phase through activation of the DNA damage checkpoint. But little is known about the effect of severe DNA DSBs on the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) during oocyte maturation. We showed that nearly no first polar body (PB1) was extruded at 12 h of in vitro maturation (IVM) in severe DNA DSBs oocytes, and the limited number of oocytes with PB1 were actually at telophase. However, about 60% of the severe DNA DSBs oocytes which underwent GVBD at 2 h of IVM released a PB1 at 18 h of IVM and these oocytes did reach the second metaphase (MII) stage. Chromosome spread at MI and MII stages showed that chromosomes fragmented after GVBD in severe DNA DSBs oocytes. The delayed PB1 extrusion was due to the disrupted attachment of microtubules to kinetochores and activation of the SAC. At the same time, misaligned chromosome fragments became obvious at the first metaphase (MI) in severe DNA DSBs oocytes. These data implied that the inactivation of SAC during the metaphase-anaphase transition of first meiosis was independent of chromosome integrity. Next, we induced DNA DSBs in vivo, and found that the number of superovulated oocytes per mouse was significantly reduced; moreover, this treatment increased the percentage of apoptotic oocytes. These results suggest that DNA DSBs oocytes undergo apoptosis in vivo.
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Key Words
- DDR, DNA damage response
- DNA double-strand breaks
- DSBs, DNA double-strand breaks
- GVBD, germinal vesicle breakdown
- ICL, interstrand crosslinks
- IVM, in vitro maturation
- MI, the first metaphase
- MII, the second metaphase
- PB1, first polar body
- PBE, PB1 extrusion
- SAC, spindle assembly checkpoint
- apoptosis
- meiosis
- oocyte
- spindle assembly checkpoint
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lin
- a State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Beijing , China
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Bohrer RC, Coutinho ARS, Duggavathi R, Bordignon V. The Incidence of DNA Double-Strand Breaks Is Higher in Late-Cleaving and Less Developmentally Competent Porcine Embryos. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:59. [PMID: 26134870 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.130542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in different species, including human, mice, bovine, and swine, demonstrated that early-cleaving embryos have higher capacity to develop to the blastocyst stage and produce better quality embryos with superior capacity to establish pregnancy than late-cleaving embryos. It has also been shown that experimentally induced DNA damage delays embryo cleavage kinetics and reduces blastocyst formation. To gain additional insights into the effects of genome damage on embryo cleavage kinetics and development, the present study compared the occurrence of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) with the expression profile of genes involved in DNA repair and cell cycle control between early- and late-cleaving embryos. Porcine oocytes matured in vitro were activated, and then early-cleaving (before 24 h) and late-cleaving (between 24 and 48 h) embryos were identified and cultured separately. Developing embryos, on Days 3, 5, and 7, were used to evaluate the total cell number and presence of DSBs (by counting the number of immunofluorescent foci for phosphorylated histone H2A.x [H2AX139ph] and RAD51 proteins) and to quantify transcripts of genes involved in DNA repair and cell cycle control by quantitative RT-PCR. Early-cleaving embryos had fewer DSBs, lower transcript levels for genes encoding DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint proteins, and more cells than late-cleaving embryos. Interestingly, at the blastocyst stage, embryos that developed from early- and late-cleaving groups had similar number of DSBs as well as transcript levels of genes induced by DNA damage. This indicates that only embryos with less DNA damage and/or superior capacity for DNA repair are able to progress to the blastocyst stage. Collectively, findings in this study revealed a negative correlation between the occurrence of DSBs and embryo cleavage kinetics and embryo developmental capacity to the blastocyst stage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Rita S Coutinho
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Raj Duggavathi
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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24
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Bohrer RC, Duggavathi R, Bordignon V. Inhibition of histone deacetylases enhances DNA damage repair in SCNT embryos. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:2138-48. [PMID: 24841373 DOI: 10.4161/cc.29215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that DNA damage affects embryo development and also somatic cell reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. It has been also shown that treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) improves development of embryos produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and enhances somatic cell reprogramming. There is evidence that increasing histone acetylation at the sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is critical for DNA damage repair. Therefore, we hypothesized that HDACi treatment enhances cell programming and embryo development by facilitating DNA damage repair. To test this hypothesis, we first established a DNA damage model wherein exposure of nuclear donor cells to ultraviolet (UV) light prior to nuclear transfer reduced the development of SCNT embryos proportional to the length of UV exposure. Detection of phosphorylated histone H2A.x (H2AX139ph) foci confirmed that exposure of nuclear donor cells to UV light for 10 s was sufficient to increase DSBs in SCNT embryos. Treatment with HDACi during embryo culture increased development and reduced DSBs in SCNT embryos produced from UV-treated cells. Transcript abundance of genes involved in either the homologous recombination (HR) or nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways for DSBs repair was reduced by HDACi treatment in developing embryos at day 5 after SCNT. Interestingly, expression of HR and NHEJ genes was similar between HDACi-treated and control SCNT embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage. This suggested that the increased number of embryos that could achieve the blastocyst stage in response to HDACi treatment have repaired DNA damage. These results demonstrate that DNA damage in nuclear donor cells is an important component affecting development of SCNT embryos, and that HDACi treatment after nuclear transfer enhances DSBs repair and development of SCNT embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raj Duggavathi
- Department of Animal Science; McGill University; Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal Science; McGill University; Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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25
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Effects of DNA damage and short-term spindle disruption on oocyte meiotic maturation. Histochem Cell Biol 2014; 142:185-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-014-1182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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26
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Qiao J, Li M. Getting the broken blastomere out of development. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:3247-8. [PMID: 24088820 PMCID: PMC3885634 DOI: 10.4161/cc.26636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mo Li
- Division of Molecular Medicine & Genetics; Department of Internal Medicine; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI USA
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