1
|
Villa-Consuegra S, Tallada VA, Jimenez J. Aurora B kinase erases monopolar microtubule-kinetochore arrays at the meiosis I-II transition. iScience 2023; 26:108339. [PMID: 38026180 PMCID: PMC10654595 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During meiosis, faithful chromosome segregation requires monopolar spindle microtubule-kinetochore arrays in MI to segregate homologous chromosomes, but bipolar in MII to segregate sister chromatids. Using fission yeasts, we found that the universal Aurora B kinase localizes to kinetochores in metaphase I and in the mid-spindle during anaphase I, as in mitosis; but in the absence of an intervening S phase, the importin α Imp1 propitiates its release from the spindle midzone to re-localize at kinetochores during meiotic interkinesis. We show that "error-correction" activity of kinetochore re-localized Aurora B becomes essential to erase monopolar arrangements from anaphase I, a prerequisite to satisfy the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and to generate proper bipolar arrays at the onset of MII. This microtubule-kinetochore resetting activity of Aurora B at the MI-MII transition is required to prevent chromosome missegregation in meiosis II, a type of error often associated with birth defects and infertility in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Villa-Consuegra
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Víctor A. Tallada
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Jimenez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu Q, Jiang Z, He X. Pcp1/pericentrin controls the SPB number in fission yeast meiosis and ploidy homeostasis. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:212751. [PMID: 34747981 PMCID: PMC8579193 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202104099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During sexual reproduction, the zygote must inherit exactly one centrosome (spindle pole body [SPB] in yeasts) from the gametes, which then duplicates and assembles a bipolar spindle that supports the subsequent cell division. Here, we show that in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the fusion of SPBs from the gametes is blocked in polyploid zygotes. As a result, the polyploid zygotes cannot proliferate mitotically and frequently form supernumerary SPBs during subsequent meiosis, which leads to multipolar nuclear divisions and the generation of extra spores. The blockage of SPB fusion is caused by persistent SPB localization of Pcp1, which, in normal diploid zygotic meiosis, exhibits a dynamic association with the SPB. Artificially induced constitutive localization of Pcp1 on the SPB is sufficient to cause blockage of SPB fusion and formation of extra spores in diploids. Thus, Pcp1-dependent SPB quantity control is crucial for sexual reproduction and ploidy homeostasis in fission yeast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaodi Jiang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwei He
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Petrova DP, Khabudaev KV, Bedoshvili YD, Likhoshway YV. Phylogeny and structural peculiarities of the EB proteins of diatoms. J Struct Biol 2021; 213:107775. [PMID: 34364984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2021.107775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The end-binding proteins are a family of microtubule-associated proteins; this family belongs to plus-end-tracking proteins (+TIPs) that regulate microtubule growth and stabilisation. Although the genes encoding EB proteins are found in all eukaryotic genomes, most studies of them have centred on one or another taxonomic group, without a broad comparative analysis. Here, we present a first phylogenetic analysis and a comparative analysis of domain structures of diatom EB proteins in comparison with other phyla of Chromista, red and green algae, as well as model organisms A. thaliana and H. sapiens. Phylogenetically, diatom EB proteins are separated into six clades, generally corresponding to the phylogeny of their respective organisms. The domain structure of this family is highly variable, but the CH and EBH domains responsible for binding tubulin and other MAPs are mostly conserved. Homologous modelling of the F. cylindrus EB protein shows that conserved motifs of the CH domain are positioned on the protein surface, which is necessary for their functioning. We hypothesise that high variance of the diatom C-terminal domain is caused by previously unknown interactions with a CAP-GLY motif of dynactin subunit p150. Our findings contribute to wider possibilities for further investigations of the cytoskeleton in diatoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darya P Petrova
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Kirill V Khabudaev
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | | | - Yelena V Likhoshway
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huraiova B, Pozgajova M, Gregan J. Sexual Reproduction: Preventing Re-fertilization in Fission Yeast. Curr Biol 2018; 28:R1300-R1303. [PMID: 30458148 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
During sexual reproduction, two haploid cells fuse to produce a diploid cell called a zygote. A new study describes how fission yeast prevents a zygote from being formed by the fusion of more than two cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Huraiova
- Department of Genetics, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Miroslava Pozgajova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Gregan
- Department of Genetics, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Advanced Microscopy Facility, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria; Department of Chromosome Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vještica A, Merlini L, Nkosi PJ, Martin SG. Gamete fusion triggers bipartite transcription factor assembly to block re-fertilization. Nature 2018; 560:397-400. [PMID: 30089908 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0407-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ploidy cycle, which is integral to sexual reproduction, requires meiosis to halve chromosome numbers as well as mechanisms that ensure zygotes are formed by exactly two partners1-4. During sexual reproduction of the fungal model organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe, haploid P and M cells fuse to form a diploid zygote that immediately enters meiosis5. Here we reveal that rapid post-fusion reconstitution of a bipartite transcription factor blocks re-fertilization. We first identify mutants that undergo transient cell fusion involving cytosol exchange but not karyogamy, and show that this drives distinct cell fates in the two gametes. The P partner undergoes lethal haploid meiosis, whereas the M cell persists in mating. The zygotic transcription that drives meiosis is rapidly initiated first from the P parental genome, even in wild-type cells. This asymmetric gene expression depends on a bipartite complex formed post-fusion between the cytosolic M-cell-specific peptide Mi and the nuclear P-cell-specific homeobox protein Pi6,7, which captures Mi in the P nucleus. Zygotic transcription is thus poised to initiate in the P nucleus as fast as Mi reaches it after fusion, a design that we reconstruct using two synthetic interactors localized to the nucleus and the cytosol of two respective partner cells. Notably, delaying zygotic transcription-by postponing Mi expression or deleting its transcriptional target in the P genome-leads to zygotes fusing with additional gametes, thus forming polyploids and eventually aneuploid progeny. The signalling cascade to block re-fertilization shares components with, but bifurcates from, meiotic induction8-10. Thus, a cytoplasmic connection upon gamete fusion leads to asymmetric reconstitution of a bipartite transcription factor to rapidly block re-fertilization and induce meiosis, ensuring genome maintenance during sexual reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Vještica
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Merlini
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Junior Nkosi
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sophie G Martin
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dbl2 Regulates Rad51 and DNA Joint Molecule Metabolism to Ensure Proper Meiotic Chromosome Segregation. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006102. [PMID: 27304859 PMCID: PMC4909299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify new proteins required for faithful meiotic chromosome segregation, we screened a Schizosaccharomyces pombe deletion mutant library and found that deletion of the dbl2 gene led to missegregation of chromosomes during meiosis. Analyses of both live and fixed cells showed that dbl2Δ mutant cells frequently failed to segregate homologous chromosomes to opposite poles during meiosis I. Removing Rec12 (Spo11 homolog) to eliminate meiotic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) suppressed the segregation defect in dbl2Δ cells, indicating that Dbl2 acts after the initiation of meiotic recombination. Analyses of DSBs and Holliday junctions revealed no significant defect in their formation or processing in dbl2Δ mutant cells, although some Rec12-dependent DNA joint molecules persisted late in meiosis. Failure to segregate chromosomes in the absence of Dbl2 correlated with persistent Rad51 foci, and deletion of rad51 or genes encoding Rad51 mediators also suppressed the segregation defect of dbl2Δ. Formation of foci of Fbh1, an F-box helicase that efficiently dismantles Rad51-DNA filaments, was impaired in dbl2Δ cells. Our results suggest that Dbl2 is a novel regulator of Fbh1 and thereby Rad51-dependent DSB repair required for proper meiotic chromosome segregation and viable sex cell formation. The wide conservation of these proteins suggests that our results apply to many species. Meiosis produces haploid gametes from diploid precursor cells. This reduction of chromosome number is achieved by two successive divisions after only a single round of DNA replication. To identify novel regulators of meiosis, we screened a library of fission yeast deletion mutants and found that deletion of the dbl2 gene led to missegregation of chromosomes during meiosis. Analysis of live dbl2Δ cells by fluorescence microscopy showed that chromosomes frequently failed to segregate during the first meiotic division. Further cytological and biochemical analyses revealed that this segregation defect is due to persistent intermediates of DNA double-strand break repair, also called DNA joint molecules. Our results indicate that Dbl2 is required for formation of Fbh1 DNA helicase foci at the sites of DNA double-strand break repair in order to process DNA joint molecules and allow segregation of chromosomes during meiotic divisions. Our bioinformatics searches revealed that Dbl2 is highly conserved in fungi, animals and plants, suggesting that Dbl2 plays a similar role in other organisms–the formation of viable sex cells and healthy progeny.
Collapse
|
7
|
Scheffler K, Minnes R, Fraisier V, Paoletti A, Tran PT. Microtubule minus end motors kinesin-14 and dynein drive nuclear congression in parallel pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 209:47-58. [PMID: 25869666 PMCID: PMC4395489 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201409087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Long-term imaging via microfluidic chambers shows that two minus end–directed motors, dynein and Klp2, work in parallel at distinct subcellular structures to promote efficient nuclear congression. Microtubules (MTs) and associated motors play a central role in nuclear migration, which is crucial for diverse biological functions including cell division, polarity, and sexual reproduction. In this paper, we report a dual mechanism underlying nuclear congression during fission yeast karyogamy upon mating of haploid cells. Using microfluidic chambers for long-term imaging, we captured the precise timing of nuclear congression and identified two minus end–directed motors operating in parallel in this process. Kinesin-14 Klp2 associated with MTs may cross-link and slide antiparallel MTs emanating from the two nuclei, whereas dynein accumulating at spindle pole bodies (SPBs) may pull MTs nucleated from the opposite SPB. Klp2-dependent nuclear congression proceeds at constant speed, whereas dynein accumulation results in an increase of nuclear velocity over time. Surprisingly, the light intermediate chain Dli1, but not dynactin, is required for this previously unknown function of dynein. We conclude that efficient nuclear congression depends on the cooperation of two minus end–directed motors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Scheffler
- Centre de Recherche and BioImaging Cell and Tissue Core Facility of the Institut Curie (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, F-75248 Paris, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Mixte de Recherche 144, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Refael Minnes
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Vincent Fraisier
- Centre de Recherche and BioImaging Cell and Tissue Core Facility of the Institut Curie (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, F-75248 Paris, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Mixte de Recherche 144, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Anne Paoletti
- Centre de Recherche and BioImaging Cell and Tissue Core Facility of the Institut Curie (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, F-75248 Paris, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Mixte de Recherche 144, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Phong T Tran
- Centre de Recherche and BioImaging Cell and Tissue Core Facility of the Institut Curie (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, F-75248 Paris, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Mixte de Recherche 144, F-75248 Paris, France Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Absence of SUN-domain protein Slp1 blocks karyogamy and switches meiotic recombination and synapsis from homologs to sister chromatids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E4015-23. [PMID: 25210014 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1415758111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Karyogamy, the process of nuclear fusion is required for two haploid gamete nuclei to form a zygote. Also, in haplobiontic organisms, karyogamy is required to produce the diploid nucleus/cell that then enters meiosis. We identify sun like protein 1 (Slp1), member of the mid-Sad1p, UNC-84-domain ubiquitous family, as essential for karyogamy in the filamentous fungus Sordaria macrospora, thus uncovering a new function for this protein family. Slp1 is required at the last step, nuclear fusion, not for earlier events including nuclear movements, recognition, and juxtaposition. Correspondingly, like other family members, Slp1 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and also to its extensions comprising the nuclear envelope. Remarkably, despite the absence of nuclear fusion in the slp1 null mutant, meiosis proceeds efficiently in the two haploid "twin" nuclei, by the same program and timing as in diploid nuclei with a single dramatic exception: the normal prophase program of recombination and synapsis between homologous chromosomes, including loading of recombination and synaptonemal complex proteins, occurs instead between sister chromatids. Moreover, the numbers of recombination-initiating double-strand breaks (DSBs) and ensuing recombinational interactions, including foci of the essential crossover factor Homo sapiens enhancer of invasion 10 (Hei10), occur at half the diploid level in each haploid nucleus, implying per-chromosome specification of DSB formation. Further, the distribution of Hei10 foci shows interference like in diploid meiosis. Centromere and spindle dynamics, however, still occur in the diploid mode during the two meiotic divisions. These observations imply that the prophase program senses absence of karyogamy and/or absence of a homolog partner and adjusts the interchromosomal interaction program accordingly.
Collapse
|
9
|
Nosek J, Tomaska L. Timing of meiosis: microtubules on the move. Cell Cycle 2013; 13:13. [PMID: 24270859 PMCID: PMC3925723 DOI: 10.4161/cc.27298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Nosek
- Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Comenius University in Bratislava; Bratislava-Staré Mesto, Slovak Republic
| | - Lubomir Tomaska
- Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Comenius University in Bratislava; Bratislava-Staré Mesto, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|