1
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Lambert KA, Clements CM, Mukherjee N, Pacheco TR, Shellman SX, Henen MA, Vögeli B, Goldstein NB, Birlea S, Hintzsche J, Caryotakis G, Tan AC, Zhao R, Norris DA, Robinson WA, Wang Y, VanTreeck JG, Shellman YG. SASH1 S519N Variant Links Skin Hyperpigmentation and Premature Hair Graying to Dysfunction of Melanocyte Lineage. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00393-2. [PMID: 38848986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
A better understanding of human melanocyte (MC) and MC stem cell biology is essential for treating MC-related diseases. This study employed an inherited pigmentation disorder carrying the SASH1S519N variant in a Hispanic family to investigate SASH1 function in the MC lineage and the underlying mechanism for this disorder. We used a multidisciplinary approach, including clinical examinations, human cell assays, yeast 2-hybrid screening, and biochemical techniques. Results linked early hair graying to the SASH1S519N variant, a previously unrecognized clinical phenotype in hyperpigmentation disorders. In vitro, we identified SASH1 as a regulator in MC stem cell maintenance and discovered that TNKS2 is crucial for SASH1's role. In addition, the S519N variant is located in one of multiple tankyrase-binding motifs and alters the binding kinetics and affinity of the interaction. In summary, this disorder links both gain and loss of pigmentation in the same individual, hinting to accelerated aging in human MC stem cells. The findings offer insights into the roles of SASH1 and TNKS2 in MC stem cell maintenance and the molecular mechanisms of pigmentation disorders. We propose that a comprehensive clinical evaluation of patients with MC-related disorders should include an assessment and history of hair pigmentation loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline A Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christopher M Clements
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nabanita Mukherjee
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Theresa R Pacheco
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Samantha X Shellman
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Morkos A Henen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Beat Vögeli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nathaniel B Goldstein
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stanca Birlea
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Gates Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Griffin Caryotakis
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - David A Norris
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - William A Robinson
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jillian G VanTreeck
- College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yiqun G Shellman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Gates Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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2
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Lambert KA, Clements CM, Mukherjee N, Pacheco TR, Shellman SX, Henen MA, Vögeli B, Goldstein NB, Birlea S, Hintzsche J, Tan AC, Zhao R, Norris DA, Robinson WA, Wang Y, VanTreeck JG, Shellman YG. SASH1 interacts with TNKS2 and promotes human melanocyte stem cell maintenance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.26.559624. [PMID: 37808724 PMCID: PMC10557680 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.26.559624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Both aging spots (hyperpigmentation) and hair graying (lack of pigmentation) are associated with aging, two seemingly opposite pigmentation phenotypes. It is not clear how they are mechanistically connected. This study investigated the underlying mechanism in a family with an inherited pigmentation disorder. Clinical examinations identified accelerated hair graying and skin dyspigmentation (intermixed hyper and hypopigmentation) in the family members carrying the SASH1 S519N variant. Cell assays indicated that SASH1 promoted stem-like characteristics in human melanocytes, and SASH1 S519N was defective in this function. Multiple assays showed that SASH1 binds to tankyrase 2 (TNKS2), which is required for SASH1's promotion of stem-like function. Further, the SASH1 S519N variant is in a bona fide Tankyrase-binding motif, and SASH1 S519N alters the binding kinetics and affinity. Results here indicate SASH1 as a novel protein regulating the appropriate balance between melanocyte stem cells (McSC) and mature melanocytes (MCs), with S519N variant causing defects. We propose that dysfunction of McSC maintenance connects multiple aging-associated pigmentation phenotypes in the general population.
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3
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Cusan M, Shen H, Zhang B, Liao A, Yang L, Jin M, Fernandez M, Iyer P, Wu Y, Hart K, Gutierrez C, Nik S, Pruett-Miller SM, Stark J, Obeng EA, Bowman TV, Wu CJ, Lin RJ, Wang L. SF3B1 mutation and ATM deletion codrive leukemogenesis via centromeric R-loop dysregulation. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163325. [PMID: 37463047 PMCID: PMC10471171 DOI: 10.1172/jci163325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing factor SF3B1 is recurrently mutated in various cancers, particularly in hematologic malignancies. We previously reported that coexpression of Sf3b1 mutation and Atm deletion in B cells, but not either lesion alone, leads to the onset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with CLL cells harboring chromosome amplification. However, the exact role of Sf3b1 mutation and Atm deletion in chromosomal instability (CIN) remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that SF3B1 mutation promotes centromeric R-loop (cen-R-loop) accumulation, leading to increased chromosome oscillation, impaired chromosome segregation, altered spindle architecture, and aneuploidy, which could be alleviated by removal of cen-R-loop and exaggerated by deletion of ATM. Aberrant splicing of key genes involved in R-loop processing underlay augmentation of cen-R-loop, as overexpression of the normal isoform, but not the altered form, mitigated mitotic stress in SF3B1-mutant cells. Our study identifies a critical role of splice variants in linking RNA splicing dysregulation and CIN and highlights cen-R-loop augmentation as a key mechanism for leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cusan
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Haifeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Aijun Liao
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Meiling Jin
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Mike Fernandez
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Prajish Iyer
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Yiming Wu
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Kevyn Hart
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Catherine Gutierrez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Nik
- Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shondra M. Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeremy Stark
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Esther A. Obeng
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Teresa V. Bowman
- Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Catherine J. Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ren-Jang Lin
- Center for RNA Biology and Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
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4
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Wu T, Hou H, Dey A, Bachu M, Chen X, Wisniewski J, Kudoh F, Chen C, Chauhan S, Xiao H, Pan R, Ozato K. BRD4 directs mitotic cell division by inhibiting DNA damage. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.02.547436. [PMID: 37546888 PMCID: PMC10401944 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.02.547436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BRD4 binds to acetylated histones to regulate transcription and drive cancer cell proliferation. However, the role of BRD4 in normal cell growth remains to be elucidated. Here we investigated the question by using mouse embryonic fibroblasts with conditional Brd4 knockout (KO). We found that Brd4KO cells grow more slowly than wild type cells: they do not complete replication, fail to achieve mitosis, and exhibit extensive DNA damage throughout all cell cycle stages. BRD4 was required for expression of more than 450 cell cycle genes including genes encoding core histones and centromere/kinetochore proteins that are critical for genome replication and chromosomal segregation. Moreover, we show that many genes controlling R-loop formation and DNA damage response (DDR) require BRD4 for expression. Finally, BRD4 constitutively occupied genes controlling R-loop, DDR and cell cycle progression. We suggest that BRD4 epigenetically marks those genes and serves as a master regulator of normal cell growth.
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5
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Zimmermann A, Zenke FT, Chiu LY, Dahmen H, Pehl U, Fuchss T, Grombacher T, Blume B, Vassilev LT, Blaukat A. A New Class of Selective ATM Inhibitors as Combination Partners of DNA Double-Strand Break Inducing Cancer Therapies. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:859-870. [PMID: 35405736 PMCID: PMC9381122 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy and chemical DNA-damaging agents are among the most widely used classes of cancer therapeutics today. Double-strand breaks (DSB) induced by many of these treatments are lethal to cancer cells if left unrepaired. Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase plays a key role in the DNA damage response by driving DSB repair and cell-cycle checkpoints to protect cancer cells. Inhibitors of ATM catalytic activity have been shown to suppress DSB DNA repair, block checkpoint controls and enhance the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy and other DSB-inducing modalities. Here, we describe the pharmacological activities of two highly potent and selective ATM inhibitors from a new chemical class, M3541 and M4076. In biochemical assays, they inhibited ATM kinase activity with a sub-nanomolar potency and showed remarkable selectivity against other protein kinases. In cancer cells, the ATM inhibitors suppressed DSB repair, clonogenic cancer cell growth, and potentiated antitumor activity of ionizing radiation in cancer cell lines. Oral administration of M3541 and M4076 to immunodeficient mice bearing human tumor xenografts with a clinically relevant radiotherapy regimen strongly enhanced the antitumor activity, leading to complete tumor regressions. The efficacy correlated with the inhibition of ATM activity and modulation of its downstream targets in the xenograft tissues. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated strong combination potential with PARP and topoisomerase I inhibitors. M4076 is currently under clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Zimmermann
- Translational Innovation Platform Oncology and Immuno-Oncology, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Frank T. Zenke
- Translational Innovation Platform Oncology and Immuno-Oncology, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Li-Ya Chiu
- Translational Innovation Platform Oncology and Immuno-Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Heike Dahmen
- Translational Innovation Platform Oncology and Immuno-Oncology, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Pehl
- Discovery and Development Technologies, Cellular Pharmacology, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas Fuchss
- Discovery and Development Technologies, Global Medicinal Chemistry, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas Grombacher
- Translational Medicine, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Beatrix Blume
- Discovery and Development Technologies, Cellular Pharmacology, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lyubomir T. Vassilev
- Translational Innovation Platform Oncology and Immuno-Oncology, EMD Serono, Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Andree Blaukat
- Translational Innovation Platform Oncology and Immuno-Oncology, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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6
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D’Ambrosio C, Erriquez J, Capellero S, Cignetto S, Alvaro M, Ciamporcero E, Di Renzo MF, Perera T, Valabrega G, Olivero M. Cancer Cells Haploinsufficient for ATM Are Sensitized to PARP Inhibitors by MET Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5770. [PMID: 35628590 PMCID: PMC9146142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The MET oncogene encodes a tyrosine kinase (TK) receptor. Its activation protects cells from death but also stimulates DNA damage response by triggering excess replicative stress. Transcriptomic classification of cancer cell lines based on MET expression showed that response to the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib is poorer in MET overexpressing cell lines. Accordingly, a high MET expressing lung carcinoma cell line was sensitized to PARPi by MET TK inhibition. This was not linked solely to MET overexpression: other MET overexpressing cell lines were biochemically but not functionally responsive to combined inhibition. Moreover, exogenously induced MET overexpression was unable to induce resistance to PARPi. The MET overexpressing cell line, responsive to the combined PARP and MET inhibition, carried a heterozygous mutation of the ATM gene and showed an attenuated response of ATM to PARPi. Among the downstream targets of ATM activation, NuMA was phosphorylated only in response to the combined PARP and MET inhibition. Given the role played by NuMA in mitosis, data show that the latter is affected by MET and PARP inhibition in cells with haploinsufficient ATM. This is important as ATM heterozygous mutation is frequently found in human cancer and in lung carcinomas in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta D’Ambrosio
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.D.); (J.E.); (S.C.); (S.C.); (M.A.); (M.F.D.R.); (M.O.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Jessica Erriquez
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.D.); (J.E.); (S.C.); (S.C.); (M.A.); (M.F.D.R.); (M.O.)
| | - Sonia Capellero
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.D.); (J.E.); (S.C.); (S.C.); (M.A.); (M.F.D.R.); (M.O.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Cignetto
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.D.); (J.E.); (S.C.); (S.C.); (M.A.); (M.F.D.R.); (M.O.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Alvaro
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.D.); (J.E.); (S.C.); (S.C.); (M.A.); (M.F.D.R.); (M.O.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Maria Flavia Di Renzo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.D.); (J.E.); (S.C.); (S.C.); (M.A.); (M.F.D.R.); (M.O.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Timothy Perera
- OCTIMET Oncology NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium; (E.C.); (T.P.)
| | - Giorgio Valabrega
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.D.); (J.E.); (S.C.); (S.C.); (M.A.); (M.F.D.R.); (M.O.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Martina Olivero
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.D.); (J.E.); (S.C.); (S.C.); (M.A.); (M.F.D.R.); (M.O.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
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7
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Whiteaker JR, Wang T, Zhao L, Schoenherr RM, Kennedy JJ, Voytovich U, Ivey RG, Huang D, Lin C, Colantonio S, Caceres TW, Roberts RR, Knotts JG, Kaczmarczyk JA, Blonder J, Reading JJ, Richardson CW, Hewitt SM, Garcia-Buntley SS, Bocik W, Hiltke T, Rodriguez H, Harrington EA, Barrett JC, Lombardi B, Marco-Casanova P, Pierce AJ, Paulovich AG. Targeted Mass Spectrometry Enables Quantification of Novel Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers of ATM Kinase Inhibition. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3843. [PMID: 34359745 PMCID: PMC8345163 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATM serine/threonine kinase (HGNC: ATM) is involved in initiation of repair of DNA double-stranded breaks, and ATM inhibitors are currently being tested as anti-cancer agents in clinical trials, where pharmacodynamic (PD) assays are crucial to help guide dose and scheduling and support mechanism of action studies. To identify and quantify PD biomarkers of ATM inhibition, we developed and analytically validated a 51-plex assay (DDR-2) quantifying protein expression and DNA damage-responsive phosphorylation. The median lower limit of quantification was 1.28 fmol, the linear range was over 3 orders of magnitude, the median inter-assay variability was 11% CV, and 86% of peptides were stable for storage prior to analysis. Use of the assay was demonstrated to quantify signaling following ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage in both immortalized lymphoblast cell lines and primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, identifying PD biomarkers for ATM inhibition to support preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R. Whiteaker
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Tao Wang
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Lei Zhao
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Regine M. Schoenherr
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Jacob J. Kennedy
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Ulianna Voytovich
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Richard G. Ivey
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Dongqing Huang
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Chenwei Lin
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Simona Colantonio
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - Tessa W. Caceres
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - Rhonda R. Roberts
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - Joseph G. Knotts
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - Jan A. Kaczmarczyk
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - Josip Blonder
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - Joshua J. Reading
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - Christopher W. Richardson
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - Stephen M. Hewitt
- Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Sandra S. Garcia-Buntley
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - William Bocik
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (S.C.); (T.W.C.); (R.R.R.); (J.G.K.); (J.A.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.R.); (C.W.R.); (S.S.G.-B.); (W.B.)
| | - Tara Hiltke
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (T.H.); (H.R.)
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (T.H.); (H.R.)
| | - Elizabeth A. Harrington
- Translational Sciences, Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK; (E.A.H.); (J.C.B.); (B.L.); (P.M.-C.); (A.J.P.)
| | - J. Carl Barrett
- Translational Sciences, Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK; (E.A.H.); (J.C.B.); (B.L.); (P.M.-C.); (A.J.P.)
| | - Benedetta Lombardi
- Translational Sciences, Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK; (E.A.H.); (J.C.B.); (B.L.); (P.M.-C.); (A.J.P.)
| | - Paola Marco-Casanova
- Translational Sciences, Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK; (E.A.H.); (J.C.B.); (B.L.); (P.M.-C.); (A.J.P.)
| | - Andrew J. Pierce
- Translational Sciences, Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK; (E.A.H.); (J.C.B.); (B.L.); (P.M.-C.); (A.J.P.)
| | - Amanda G. Paulovich
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.R.W.); (T.W.); (L.Z.); (R.M.S.); (J.J.K.); (U.V.); (R.G.I.); (D.H.); (C.L.)
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8
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The Significance of Targeting Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 in Pancreatic Cancer for Providing a New Therapeutic Paradigm. Int J Mol Sci 2021. [PMID: 33805293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073509.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide studies focusing on elucidating the effects on cancer progression have enabled the consequent identification of a distinct subpopulation of pancreatic cancer cells with unstable genomic characteristics. Based on this background, deleterious changes by poly (adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP)-1 have been concentrated in oncology. One of the critical functions of PARP-1 is the response to DNA damage, which plays a pivotal role in DNA repair in cancers. PARP-1 also has widespread functions that are essential for the survival and growth of cancer cells. It regulates oxidative stress in mitochondria through the regulation of superoxide and oxidation. PARP-1 is in charge of regulating mitosis, which is a crucial role in tumorigenesis and remodels histones and chromatin enzymes related to transcriptional regulation, causing alterations in epigenetic markers and chromatin structure. Given the significance of these processes, it can be understood that these processes in cancer cells are at the frontline of the pathogenetic changes required for cancer cell survival, and these contributions can result in malignant transformation. Therefore, this review addresses the current molecular biological features for understanding the multifactorial function of PARP-1 in pancreatic cancer related to the aforementioned roles, along with the summary of recent approaches with PARP-1 inhibition in clinical studies targeting pancreatic cancer. This understanding could help to embrace the importance of targeting PARP-1 in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, which may present the potential to find out a variety of research topics that can be both challenged clinically and non-clinically.
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9
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Jeong KY, Park MH. The Significance of Targeting Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 in Pancreatic Cancer for Providing a New Therapeutic Paradigm. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073509. [PMID: 33805293 PMCID: PMC8037971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide studies focusing on elucidating the effects on cancer progression have enabled the consequent identification of a distinct subpopulation of pancreatic cancer cells with unstable genomic characteristics. Based on this background, deleterious changes by poly (adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP)-1 have been concentrated in oncology. One of the critical functions of PARP-1 is the response to DNA damage, which plays a pivotal role in DNA repair in cancers. PARP-1 also has widespread functions that are essential for the survival and growth of cancer cells. It regulates oxidative stress in mitochondria through the regulation of superoxide and oxidation. PARP-1 is in charge of regulating mitosis, which is a crucial role in tumorigenesis and remodels histones and chromatin enzymes related to transcriptional regulation, causing alterations in epigenetic markers and chromatin structure. Given the significance of these processes, it can be understood that these processes in cancer cells are at the frontline of the pathogenetic changes required for cancer cell survival, and these contributions can result in malignant transformation. Therefore, this review addresses the current molecular biological features for understanding the multifactorial function of PARP-1 in pancreatic cancer related to the aforementioned roles, along with the summary of recent approaches with PARP-1 inhibition in clinical studies targeting pancreatic cancer. This understanding could help to embrace the importance of targeting PARP-1 in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, which may present the potential to find out a variety of research topics that can be both challenged clinically and non-clinically.
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10
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Armstrong SA, Schultz CW, Azimi-Sadjadi A, Brody JR, Pishvaian MJ. ATM Dysfunction in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Associated Therapeutic Implications. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 18:1899-1908. [PMID: 31676541 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal solid malignancies with very few therapeutic options to treat advanced or metastatic disease. The utilization of genomic sequencing has identified therapeutically relevant alterations in approximately 25% of PDAC patients, most notably in the DNA damage response and repair (DDR) genes, rendering cancer cells more sensitive to DNA-damaging agents and to DNA damage response inhibitors, such as PARP inhibitors. ATM is one of the most commonly mutated DDR genes, with somatic mutations identified in 2% to 18% of PDACs and germline mutations identified in 1% to 34% of PDACs. ATM plays a complex role as a cell-cycle checkpoint kinase, regulator of a wide array of downstream proteins, and responder to DNA damage for genome stability. The disruption of ATM signaling leads to downstream reliance on ATR and CHK1, among other DNA-repair mechanisms, which may enable exploiting the inhibition of downstream proteins as therapeutic targets in ATM-mutated PDACs. In this review, we detail the function of ATM, review the current data on ATM deficiency in PDAC, examine the therapeutic implications of ATM alterations, and explore the current clinical trials surrounding the ATM pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Armstrong
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Christopher W Schultz
- The Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ariana Azimi-Sadjadi
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jonathan R Brody
- The Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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11
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Bensimon A, Koch JP, Francica P, Roth SM, Riedo R, Glück AA, Orlando E, Blaukat A, Aebersold DM, Zimmer Y, Aebersold R, Medová M. Deciphering MET-dependent modulation of global cellular responses to DNA damage by quantitative phosphoproteomics. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1185-1206. [PMID: 32336009 PMCID: PMC7266272 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that interference with growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling can affect DNA damage response (DDR) networks, with a consequent impact on cellular responses to DNA-damaging agents widely used in cancer treatment. In that respect, the MET RTK is deregulated in abundance and/or activity in a variety of human tumors. Using two proteomic techniques, we explored how disrupting MET signaling modulates global cellular phosphorylation response to ionizing radiation (IR). Following an immunoaffinity-based phosphoproteomic discovery survey, we selected candidate phosphorylation sites for extensive characterization by targeted proteomics focusing on phosphorylation sites in both signaling networks. Several substrates of the DDR were confirmed to be modulated by sequential MET inhibition and IR, or MET inhibition alone. Upon combined treatment, for two substrates, NUMA1 S395 and CHEK1 S345, the gain and loss of phosphorylation, respectively, were recapitulated using invivo tumor models by immunohistochemistry, with possible utility in future translational research. Overall, we have corroborated phosphorylation sites at the intersection between MET and the DDR signaling networks, and suggest that these represent a class of proteins at the interface between oncogene-driven proliferation and genomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Bensimon
- Department of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Systems BiologyETH ZürichSwitzerland
- Present address:
CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Jonas P. Koch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
| | - Paola Francica
- Department of Radiation Oncology, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
| | - Selina M. Roth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
| | - Rahel Riedo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
| | - Astrid A. Glück
- Department of Radiation Oncology, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
| | - Eleonora Orlando
- Department of Radiation Oncology, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
| | | | - Daniel M. Aebersold
- Department of Radiation Oncology, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
| | - Yitzhak Zimmer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Department of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Systems BiologyETH ZürichSwitzerland
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Michaela Medová
- Department of Radiation Oncology, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernSwitzerland
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12
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Völkening L, Vatselia A, Asgedom G, Bastians H, Lavin M, Schindler D, Schambach A, Bousset K, Dörk T. RAD50 regulates mitotic progression independent of DNA repair functions. FASEB J 2020; 34:2812-2820. [PMID: 31908056 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902318r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Mre11A/RAD50/NBN complex (MRN) is an essential regulator of the cellular damage response after DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). More recent work has indicated that MRN may also impact on the duration of mitosis. We show here that RAD50-deficient fibroblasts exhibit a marked delay in mitotic progression that can be rescued by lentiviral transduction of RAD50. The delay was observed throughout all mitotic phases in live cell imaging using GFP-labeled H2B as a fluorescent marker. In complementation assays with RAD50 phosphorylation mutants, modifications at Ser635 had little effect on mitotic progression. By contrast with RAD50, fibroblast strains deficient in ATM or NBN did not show a significant slowing of mitotic progression. Ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder (ATLD) fibroblasts with nuclease-deficient MRE11A (p.W210C) tended to show slower mitosis, though by far not as significant as RAD50-deficient cells. Inhibitor studies indicated that ATM kinase activity might not grossly impact on mitotic progression, while treatment with MRE11A inhibitor PFM39 modestly prolonged mitosis. Inhibition of ATR kinase significantly prolonged mitosis but this effect was mostly independent of RAD50 status. Taken together, our data unravel a mitotic role of RAD50 that can be separated from its known functions in DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Völkening
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Vatselia
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Girmay Asgedom
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Bastians
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Lavin
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Detlev Schindler
- Institute of Human Genetics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA
| | - Kristine Bousset
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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13
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Abstract
ADP-ribosylation (ADPr) is an ancient reversible modification of cellular macromolecules controlling major biological processes as diverse as DNA damage repair, transcriptional regulation, intracellular transport, immune and stress responses, cell survival and proliferation. Furthermore, enzymatic reactions of ADPr are central in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, including infectious conditions. By providing a review of ADPr signalling in bacterial systems, we highlight the relevance of this chemical modification in the pathogenesis of human diseases depending on host-pathogen interactions. The post-antibiotic era has raised the need to find alternative approaches to antibiotic administration, as major pathogens becoming resistant to antibiotics. An in-depth understanding of ADPr reactions provides the rationale for designing novel antimicrobial strategies for treatment of infectious diseases. In addition, the understanding of mechanisms of ADPr by bacterial virulence factors offers important hints to improve our knowledge on cellular processes regulated by eukaryotic homologous enzymes, which are often involved in the pathogenesis of human diseases.
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14
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Palazzo L, Mikolčević P, Mikoč A, Ahel I. ADP-ribosylation signalling and human disease. Open Biol 2019; 9:190041. [PMID: 30991935 PMCID: PMC6501648 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation (ADPr) is a reversible post-translational modification of proteins, which controls major cellular and biological processes, including DNA damage repair, cell proliferation and differentiation, metabolism, stress and immune responses. In order to maintain the cellular homeostasis, diverse ADP-ribosyl transferases and hydrolases are involved in the fine-tuning of ADPr systems. The control of ADPr network is vital, and dysregulation of enzymes involved in the regulation of ADPr signalling has been linked to a number of inherited and acquired human diseases, such as several neurological disorders and in cancer. Conversely, the therapeutic manipulation of ADPr has been shown to ameliorate several disorders in both human and animal models. These include cardiovascular, inflammatory, autoimmune and neurological disorders. Herein, we summarize the recent findings in the field of ADPr, which support the impact of this modification in human pathophysiology and highlight the curative potential of targeting ADPr for translational and molecular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Palazzo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Petra Mikolčević
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andreja Mikoč
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3RE Oxford, UK
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15
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Zheng D, Xie W, Li L, Jiang W, Zou Y, Chiang C, Shao G, Yan K. RXXPEG motif of MERIT40 is required to maintain spindle structure and function through its interaction with Tankyrase1. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:174-181. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zheng
- Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital; Shenzhen 518110 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention; Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Wangqing Xie
- Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital; Shenzhen 518110 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention; Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell Biology; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Wenqi Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention; Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Yongdong Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention; Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Chengyao Chiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention; Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Genze Shao
- Department of Cell Biology; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Kaowen Yan
- Institute for Translational Medicine; Qingdao University; Qingdao 266071 China
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16
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Palazzo L, Ahel I. PARPs in genome stability and signal transduction: implications for cancer therapy. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:1681-1695. [PMID: 30420415 PMCID: PMC6299239 DOI: 10.1042/bst20180418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) superfamily of enzymes catalyses the ADP-ribosylation (ADPr) of target proteins by using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as a donor. ADPr reactions occur either in the form of attachment of a single ADP-ribose nucleotide unit on target proteins or in the form of ADP-ribose chains, with the latter called poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. PARPs regulate many cellular processes, including the maintenance of genome stability and signal transduction. In this review, we focus on the PARP family members that possess the ability to modify proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, namely PARP1, PARP2, Tankyrase-1, and Tankyrase-2. Here, we detail the cellular functions of PARP1 and PARP2 in the regulation of DNA damage response and describe the function of Tankyrases in Wnt-mediated signal transduction. Furthermore, we discuss how the understanding of these pathways has provided some major breakthroughs in the treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Palazzo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, U.K.
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17
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Sethy R, Rakesh R, Patne K, Arya V, Sharma T, Haokip DT, Kumari R, Muthuswami R. Regulation of ATM and ATR by SMARCAL1 and BRG1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:1076-1092. [PMID: 30317028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The G2/M checkpoint is activated on DNA damage by the ATM and ATR kinases that are regulated by post-translational modifications. In this paper, the transcriptional co-regulation of ATM and ATR by SMARCAL1 and BRG1, both members of the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling protein family, is described. SMARCAL1 and BRG1 co-localize on the promoters of ATM and ATR; downregulation of SMARCAL1 and BRG1 results in transcriptional repression of ATM/ATR and overriding of the G2/M checkpoint leading to mitotic abnormalities. On doxorubicin-induced DNA damage, SMARCAL1 and BRG1 are upregulated and these two proteins in turn, upregulate the expression of ATM/ATR. The transcriptional response to DNA damage is feedback regulated by phospho-ATM as it binds to the promoters of SMARCAL1, BRG1, ATM and ATR on DNA damage. The regulation of ATM/ATR is rendered non-functional in Schimke Immuno-Osseous Dysplasia where SMARCAL1 is mutated and in Coffin-Siris Syndrome where BRG1 is mutated. Thus, an intricate transcriptional regulation of DNA damage response genes mediated by SMARCAL1 and BRG1 is present in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ketki Patne
- School of Life Sciences, JNU, New Delhi, India
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18
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Crawford K, Bonfiglio JJ, Mikoč A, Matic I, Ahel I. Specificity of reversible ADP-ribosylation and regulation of cellular processes. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 53:64-82. [PMID: 29098880 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2017.1394265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proper and timely regulation of cellular processes is fundamental to the overall health and viability of organisms across all kingdoms of life. Thus, organisms have evolved multiple highly dynamic and complex biochemical signaling cascades in order to adapt and survive diverse challenges. One such method of conferring rapid adaptation is the addition or removal of reversible modifications of different chemical groups onto macromolecules which in turn induce the appropriate downstream outcome. ADP-ribosylation, the addition of ADP-ribose (ADPr) groups, represents one of these highly conserved signaling chemicals. Herein we outline the writers, erasers and readers of ADP-ribosylation and dip into the multitude of cellular processes they have been implicated in. We also review what we currently know on how specificity of activity is ensured for this important modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerryanne Crawford
- a Sir William Dunn School of Pathology , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | | | - Andreja Mikoč
- c Division of Molecular Biology , Ruđer Bošković Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ivan Matic
- b Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing , Cologne , Germany
| | - Ivan Ahel
- a Sir William Dunn School of Pathology , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
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19
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Cervone N, Monica RD, Serpico AF, Vetrei C, Scaraglio M, Visconti R, Grieco D. Evidence that PP2A activity is dispensable for spindle assembly checkpoint-dependent control of Cdk1. Oncotarget 2018; 9:7312-7321. [PMID: 29484112 PMCID: PMC5800904 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Progression through mitosis, the cell cycle phase deputed to segregate replicated chromosomes, is granted by a protein phosphorylation wave that follows an activation-inactivation cycle of cyclin B-dependent kinase (Cdk) 1, the major mitosis-promoting enzyme. To ensure correct chromosome segregation, the safeguard mechanism spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) delays Cdk1 inactivation by preventing cyclin B degradation until mitotic spindle assembly. At the end of mitosis, reversal of bulk mitotic protein phosphorylation, downstream Cdk1 inactivation, is required to complete mitosis and crucially relies on the activity of major protein phosphatases like PP2A. A role for PP2A, however, has also been suggested in spindle assembly and SAC-dependent control of Cdk1. Indeed, PP2A was found in complex with SAC proteins while small interfering RNAs (siRNAs)-mediated downregulation of PP2A holoenzyme components affected mitosis completion in mammalian cells. However, whether the SAC-dependent control of Cdk1 required the catalytic activity of PP2A has never been directly assessed. Here, using two PP2A inhibitors, okadaic acid and LB-100, we provide evidence that PP2A activity is dispensable for SAC control of Cdk1 in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nando Cervone
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
- DMMBM, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Della Monica
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
- DMMBM, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Flavia Serpico
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
- DMMBM, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Vetrei
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
- DMMBM, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Scaraglio
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
- DMMBM, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Grieco
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
- DMMBM, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
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20
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Palazzo L, Mikoč A, Ahel I. ADP-ribosylation: new facets of an ancient modification. FEBS J 2017; 284:2932-2946. [PMID: 28383827 PMCID: PMC7163968 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rapid response to environmental changes is achieved by uni- and multicellular organisms through a series of molecular events, often involving modification of macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. Amongst these, ADP-ribosylation is of emerging interest because of its ability to modify different macromolecules in the cells, and its association with many key biological processes, such as DNA-damage repair, DNA replication, transcription, cell division, signal transduction, stress and infection responses, microbial pathogenicity and aging. In this review, we provide an update on novel pathways and mechanisms regulated by ADP-ribosylation in organisms coming from all kingdoms of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Palazzo
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordUK
| | - Andreja Mikoč
- Division of Molecular BiologyRuđer Bošković InstituteZagrebCroatia
| | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordUK
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21
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Palazzo L, Daniels CM, Nettleship JE, Rahman N, McPherson RL, Ong S, Kato K, Nureki O, Leung AKL, Ahel I. ENPP1 processes protein ADP-ribosylation in vitro. FEBS J 2016; 283:3371-88. [PMID: 27406238 PMCID: PMC5030157 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is a conserved post-translational protein modification that plays a role in all major cellular processes, particularly DNA repair, transcription, translation, stress response and cell death. Hence, dysregulation of ADP-ribosylation is linked to the physiopathology of several human diseases including cancers, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. Protein ADP-ribosylation can be reversed by the macrodomain-containing proteins PARG, TARG1, MacroD1 and MacroD2, which hydrolyse the ester bond known to link proteins to ADP-ribose as well as consecutive ADP-ribose subunits; targeting this bond can thus result in the complete removal of the protein modification or the conversion of poly(ADP-ribose) to mono(ADP-ribose). Recently, proteins containing the NUDIX domain - namely human NUDT16 and bacterial RppH - have been shown to process in vitro protein ADP-ribosylation through an alternative mechanism, converting it into protein-conjugated ribose-5'-phosphate (R5P, also known as pR). Though this protein modification was recently identified in mammalian tissues, its physiological relevance and the mechanism of generating protein phosphoribosylation are currently unknown. Here, we identified ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) as the first known mammalian enzyme lacking a NUDIX domain to generate pR from ADP-ribose on modified proteins in vitro. Thus, our data show that at least two enzyme families - Nudix and ENPP/NPP - are able to metabolize protein-conjugated ADP-ribose to pR in vitro, suggesting that pR exists and may be conserved from bacteria to mammals. We also demonstrate the utility of ENPP1 for converting protein-conjugated mono(ADP-ribose) and poly(ADP-ribose) into mass spectrometry-friendly pR tags, thus facilitating the identification of ADP-ribosylation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Palazzo
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordUK
| | - Casey M. Daniels
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA,Present address: Laboratory of Systems BiologyNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Joanne E. Nettleship
- OPPF‐UKThe Research Complex at HarwellRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell OxfordUK,Division of Structural BiologyHenry Wellcome Building for Genomic MedicineUniversity of OxfordUK
| | - Nahid Rahman
- OPPF‐UKThe Research Complex at HarwellRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell OxfordUK,Division of Structural BiologyHenry Wellcome Building for Genomic MedicineUniversity of OxfordUK
| | - Robert Lyle McPherson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Shao‐En Ong
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Kazuki Kato
- Department of Biophysics and BiochemistryGraduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoJapan
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biophysics and BiochemistryGraduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoJapan
| | - Anthony K. L. Leung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA,Department of OncologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordUK
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22
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Gay-Bellile M, Romero P, Cayre A, Véronèse L, Privat M, Singh S, Combes P, Kwiatkowski F, Abrial C, Bignon YJ, Vago P, Penault-Llorca F, Tchirkov A. ERCC1 and telomere status in breast tumours treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and their association with patient prognosis. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2016; 2:234-246. [PMID: 27785368 PMCID: PMC5068194 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunctional telomeres and DNA damage repair (DDR) play important roles in cancer progression. Studies have reported correlations between these factors and tumour aggressiveness and clinical outcome in breast cancer. We studied the characteristics of telomeres and expression of ERCC1, a protein involved in a number of DNA repair pathways and in telomere homeostasis, to assess their prognostic value, alone or in combination, in 90 residual breast tumours after treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). ERCC1 status was investigated at different molecular levels (protein and gene expression and gene copy‐number variations) by immunohistochemistry, qRT‐PCR and quantitative multiplex fluorescent‐PCR (QMF‐PCR). A comprehensive analysis of telomere characteristics was performed using qPCR for telomere length and qRT‐PCR for telomerase (hTERT), tankyrase 1 (TNKS) and shelterin complex (TRF1, TRF2, POT1, TPP1, RAP1 and TIN2) gene expression. Short telomeres, high hTERT and TNKS expression and low ERCC1 protein expression were independently associated with worse survival outcome. Interestingly, ERCC1 gains and losses correlated with worse disease‐free (p = 0.026) and overall (p = 0.043) survival as compared to survival of patients with normal gene copy‐numbers. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of all ERCC1 and telomere parameters identified four subgroups with distinct prognosis. In particular, a cluster combining low ERCC1, ERCC1 gene alterations, dysfunctional telomeres and high hTERT and a cluster with high TNKS and shelterin expression correlated with poor disease‐free (HR= 5.41, p= 0.0044) and overall survival (HR= 6.01, p= 0.0023) irrespective of tumour stage and grade. This comprehensive study demonstrates that telomere dysfunction and DDR can contribute synergistically to tumour progression and chemoresistance. These parameters are predictors of clinical outcome in breast cancer patients treated with NCT and could be useful clinically as prognostic biomarkers to tailor adjuvant chemotherapy post‐NCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Gay-Bellile
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of Medical CytogeneticsCHU Estaing1 place Lucie et Raymond AubracF-63003Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Pierre Romero
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of PathologyJean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Center 58 rue MontalembertF-63011Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Anne Cayre
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of PathologyJean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Center 58 rue MontalembertF-63011Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Lauren Véronèse
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of Medical CytogeneticsCHU Estaing1 place Lucie et Raymond AubracF-63003Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Maud Privat
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of OncogeneticsJean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Center58 rue MontalembertF-63011Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Shalini Singh
- Medical and Scientific Affairs Office of Pathology, Ventana Medical Systems, Inc, Roche Group 1910 E Innovation Park Drive Tucson AZ 85755 USA
| | - Patricia Combes
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of Medical CytogeneticsCHU Estaing1 place Lucie et Raymond AubracF-63003Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Fabrice Kwiatkowski
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Clinical and Translational Research DivisionJean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Center 58 rue MontalembertF-63011Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Catherine Abrial
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Clinical and Translational Research DivisionJean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Center 58 rue MontalembertF-63011Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of OncogeneticsJean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Center58 rue MontalembertF-63011Clermont-FerrandFrance; Biological Resource Center BB-0033-00075, Jean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Center 58 rue MontalembertF-63011Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Philippe Vago
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of Medical CytogeneticsCHU Estaing1 place Lucie et Raymond AubracF-63003Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Frédérique Penault-Llorca
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of PathologyJean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Center 58 rue MontalembertF-63011Clermont-FerrandFrance
| | - Andreï Tchirkov
- ERTICA EA4677 Research Team, University of Auvergne, Faculty of Medecine28 place Henri DunantF-63001Clermont-FerrandFrance; Department of Medical CytogeneticsCHU Estaing1 place Lucie et Raymond AubracF-63003Clermont-FerrandFrance
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23
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Kaminsky N, Bihari O, Kanner S, Barzilai A. Connecting Malfunctioning Glial Cells and Brain Degenerative Disorders. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2016; 14:155-165. [PMID: 27245308 PMCID: PMC4936608 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex biological system activated by different types of DNA damage. Mutations in certain components of the DDR machinery can lead to genomic instability disorders that culminate in tissue degeneration, premature aging, and various types of cancers. Intriguingly, malfunctioning DDR plays a role in the etiology of late onset brain degenerative disorders such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases. For many years, brain degenerative disorders were thought to result from aberrant neural death. Here we discuss the evidence that supports our novel hypothesis that brain degenerative diseases involve dysfunction of glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes). Impairment in the functionality of glial cells results in pathological neuro-glial interactions that, in turn, generate a "hostile" environment that impairs the functionality of neuronal cells. These events can lead to systematic neural demise on a scale that appears to be proportional to the severity of the neurological deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Kaminsky
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ofer Bihari
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sivan Kanner
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
| | - Ari Barzilai
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
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24
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Huh MS, Ivanochko D, Hashem LE, Curtin M, Delorme M, Goodall E, Yan K, Picketts DJ. Stalled replication forks within heterochromatin require ATRX for protection. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2220. [PMID: 27171262 PMCID: PMC4917659 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Expansive growth of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is a prerequisite to the temporal waves of neuronal differentiation that generate the six-layered neocortex, while also placing a heavy burden on proteins that regulate chromatin packaging and genome integrity. This problem is further reflected by the growing number of developmental disorders caused by mutations in chromatin regulators. ATRX gene mutations cause a severe intellectual disability disorder (α-thalassemia mental retardation X-linked (ATRX) syndrome; OMIM no. 301040), characterized by microcephaly, urogenital abnormalities and α-thalassemia. Although the ATRX protein is required for the maintenance of repetitive DNA within heterochromatin, how this translates to disease pathogenesis remain poorly understood and was a focus of this study. We demonstrate that Atrx(FoxG1Cre) forebrain-specific conditional knockout mice display poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (Parp-1) hyperactivation during neurogenesis and generate fewer late-born Cux1- and Brn2-positive neurons that accounts for the reduced cortical size. Moreover, DNA damage, induced Parp-1 and Atm activation is elevated in progenitor cells and contributes to their increased level of cell death. ATRX-null HeLa cells are similarly sensitive to hydroxyurea-induced replication stress, accumulate DNA damage and proliferate poorly. Impaired BRCA1-RAD51 colocalization and PARP-1 hyperactivation indicated that stalled replication forks are not efficiently protected. DNA fiber assays confirmed that MRE11 degradation of stalled replication forks was rampant in the absence of ATRX or DAXX. Indeed, fork degradation in ATRX-null cells could be attenuated by treatment with the MRE11 inhibitor mirin, or exacerbated by inhibiting PARP-1 activity. Taken together, these results suggest that ATRX is required to limit replication stress during cellular proliferation, whereas upregulation of PARP-1 activity functions as a compensatory mechanism to protect stalled forks, limiting genomic damage, and facilitating late-born neuron production.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Huh
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - D Ivanochko
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - L E Hashem
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - M Curtin
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - M Delorme
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - E Goodall
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - K Yan
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - D J Picketts
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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25
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Nagy Z, Kalousi A, Furst A, Koch M, Fischer B, Soutoglou E. Tankyrases Promote Homologous Recombination and Check Point Activation in Response to DSBs. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1005791. [PMID: 26845027 PMCID: PMC4741384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA lesions are sensed by a network of proteins that trigger the DNA damage response (DDR), a signaling cascade that acts to delay cell cycle progression and initiate DNA repair. The Mediator of DNA damage Checkpoint protein 1 (MDC1) is essential for spreading of the DDR signaling on chromatin surrounding Double Strand Breaks (DSBs) by acting as a scaffold for PI3K kinases and for ubiquitin ligases. MDC1 also plays a role both in Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) and Homologous Recombination (HR) repair pathways. Here we identify two novel binding partners of MDC1, the poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerases (PARPs) TNKS1 and 2. We find that TNKSs are recruited to DNA lesions by MDC1 and regulate DNA end resection and BRCA1A complex stabilization at lesions leading to efficient DSB repair by HR and proper checkpoint activation. MDC1 recruit Tankyrases to DNA lesions to regulate homologous recombination and to control check-point activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zita Nagy
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U964, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Alkmini Kalousi
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U964, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Audrey Furst
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U964, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Marc Koch
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U964, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Benoit Fischer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U964, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Evi Soutoglou
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U964, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- * E-mail:
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26
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Lupo B, Vialard J, Sassi F, Angibaud P, Puliafito A, Pupo E, Lanzetti L, Comoglio PM, Bertotti A, Trusolino L. Tankyrase inhibition impairs directional migration and invasion of lung cancer cells by affecting microtubule dynamics and polarity signals. BMC Biol 2016; 14:5. [PMID: 26787475 PMCID: PMC4719581 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-016-0226-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tankyrases are poly(adenosine diphosphate)-ribose polymerases that contribute to biological processes as diverse as modulation of Wnt signaling, telomere maintenance, vesicle trafficking, and microtubule-dependent spindle pole assembly during mitosis. At interphase, polarized reshaping of the microtubule network fosters oriented cell migration. This is attained by association of adenomatous polyposis coli with the plus end of microtubules at the cortex of cell membrane protrusions and microtubule-based centrosome reorientation towards the migrating front. RESULTS Here we report a new function for tankyrases, namely, regulation of directional cell locomotion. Using a panel of lung cancer cell lines as a model system, we found that abrogation of tankyrase activity by two different, structurally unrelated small-molecule inhibitors (one introduced and characterized here for the first time) or by RNA interference-based genetic silencing weakened cell migration, invasion, and directional movement induced by the motogenic cytokine hepatocyte growth factor. Mechanistically, the anti-invasive outcome of tankyrase inhibition could be ascribed to sequential deterioration of the distinct events that govern cell directional sensing. In particular, tankyrase blockade negatively impacted (1) microtubule dynamic instability; (2) adenomatous polyposis coli plasma membrane targeting; and (3) centrosome reorientation. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these findings uncover an unanticipated role for tankyrases in influencing at multiple levels the interphase dynamics of the microtubule network and the subcellular distribution of related polarity signals. These results encourage the further exploration of tankyrase inhibitors as therapeutic tools to oppose dissemination and metastasis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lupo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Jorge Vialard
- Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Francesco Sassi
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Patrick Angibaud
- Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen-Cilag, 27106, Val-de-Reuil, Cedex, France
| | - Alberto Puliafito
- Laboratory of Cell Migration, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pupo
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Letizia Lanzetti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo M Comoglio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Experimental Clinical Molecular Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Bertotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy. .,Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy. .,Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, INBB, 00136, Rome, Italy.
| | - Livio Trusolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy. .,Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
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27
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Solovjeva L, Firsanov D, Vasilishina A, Chagin V, Pleskach N, Kropotov A, Svetlova M. DNA double-strand break repair is impaired in presenescent Syrian hamster fibroblasts. BMC Mol Biol 2015; 16:18. [PMID: 26458748 PMCID: PMC4601148 DOI: 10.1186/s12867-015-0046-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies of DNA damage response are critical for the comprehensive understanding of age-related changes in cells, tissues and organisms. Syrian hamster cells halt proliferation and become presenescent after several passages in standard conditions of cultivation due to what is known as «culture stress». Using proliferating young and non-dividing presenescent cells in primary cultures of Syrian hamster fibroblasts, we defined their response to the action of radiomimetic drug bleomycin (BL) that induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Results The effect of the drug was estimated by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy using the antibody to phosphorylated histone H2AX (gH2AX), which is generally accepted as a DSB marker. At all stages of the cell cycle, both presenescent and young cells demonstrated variability of the number of gH2AX foci per nucleus. gH2AX focus induction was found to be independent from BL-hydrolase expression. Some differences in DSB repair process between BL-treated young and presenescent Syrian hamster cells were observed: (1) the kinetics of gH2AX focus loss in G0 fibroblasts of young culture was faster than in cells that prematurely stopped dividing; (2) presenescent cells were characterized by a slower recruitment of DSB repair proteins 53BP1, phospho-DNA-PK and phospho-ATM to gH2AX focal sites, while the rate of phosphorylated ATM/ATR substrate accumulation was the same as that in young cells. Conclusions Our results demonstrate an impairment of DSB repair in prematurely aged Syrian hamster fibroblasts in comparison with young fibroblasts, suggesting age-related differences in response to BL therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12867-015-0046-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljudmila Solovjeva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretski ave., Saint Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - Denis Firsanov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretski ave., Saint Petersburg, 194064, Russia. .,Saint-Petersburg's State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100, Russia.
| | - Anastasia Vasilishina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretski ave., Saint Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - Vadim Chagin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretski ave., Saint Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - Nadezhda Pleskach
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretski ave., Saint Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - Andrey Kropotov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretski ave., Saint Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - Maria Svetlova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretski ave., Saint Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
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28
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Lupo B, Trusolino L. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in cancer: old and new paradigms revisited. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:201-15. [PMID: 25026313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases actualized the biological concept of synthetic lethality in the clinical practice, yielding a paradigmatic example of translational medicine. The profound sensitivity of tumors with germline BRCA mutations to PARP1/2 blockade owes to inherent defects of the BRCA-dependent homologous recombination machinery, which are unleashed by interruption of PARP DNA repair activity and lead to DNA damage overload and cell death. Conversely, aspirant BRCA-like tumors harboring somatic DNA repair dysfunctions (a vast entity of genetic and epigenetic defects known as "BRCAness") not always align with the familial counterpart and appear not to be equally sensitive to PARP inhibition. The acquisition of secondary resistance in initially responsive patients and the lack of standardized biomarkers to identify "BRCAness" pose serious threats to the clinical advance of PARP inhibitors; a feeling is also emerging that a BRCA-centered perspective might have missed the influence of additional, not negligible and DNA repair-independent PARP contributions onto therapy outcome. While regulatory approval for PARP1/2 inhibitors is still pending, novel therapeutic opportunities are sprouting from different branches of the PARP family, although they remain immature for clinical extrapolation. This review is an endeavor to provide a comprehensive appraisal of the multifaceted biology of PARPs and their evolving impact on cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lupo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Livio Trusolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
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Abstract
The final stage of cell division (mitosis), involves the compaction of the duplicated genome into chromatid pairs. Each pair is captured by microtubules emanating from opposite spindle poles, aligned at the metaphase plate, and then faithfully segregated to form two identical daughter cells. Chromatids that are not correctly attached to the spindle are detected by the constitutively active spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Any stress that prevents correct bipolar spindle attachment, blocks the satisfaction of the SAC, and induces a prolonged mitotic arrest, providing the cell time to obtain attachment and complete segregation correctly. Unfortunately, during mitosis repairing damage is not generally possible due to the compaction of DNA into chromosomes, and subsequent suppression of gene transcription and translation. Therefore, in the presence of significant damage cell death is instigated to ensure that genomic stability is maintained. While most stresses lead to an arrest in mitosis, some promote premature mitotic exit, allowing cells to bypass mitotic cell death. This mini-review will focus on the effects and outcomes that common stresses have on mitosis, and how this impacts on the efficacy of mitotic chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Burgess
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Mina Rasouli
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Samuel Rogers
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research , Sydney, NSW , Australia
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