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Kreuzer M, Banerjee A, Birts CN, Darley M, Tavassoli A, Ivan M, Blaydes JP. Glycolysis, via NADH-dependent dimerisation of CtBPs, regulates hypoxia-induced expression of CAIX and stem-like breast cancer cell survival. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:2988-3001. [PMID: 32618367 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive responses to hypoxia are mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription factors. These responses include the upregulation of glycolysis to maintain ATP production. This also generates acidic metabolites, which require HIF-induced carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) for their neutralisation. C-terminal binding proteins (CtBPs) are coregulators of gene transcription and couple glycolysis with gene transcription due to their regulation by the glycolytic coenzyme NADH. Here, we find that experimental manipulation of glycolysis and CtBP function in breast cancer cells through multiple complementary approaches supports a hypothesis whereby the expression of known HIF-inducible genes, and CAIX in particular, adapts to available glucose in the microenvironment through a mechanism involving CtBPs. This novel pathway promotes the survival of stem cell-like cancer (SCLC) cells in hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Kreuzer
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK
| | - Arindam Banerjee
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK
| | - Charles N Birts
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK
| | - Matthew Darley
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK
| | - Ali Tavassoli
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK.,School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK
| | - Mircea Ivan
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jeremy P Blaydes
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants, UK
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Zhu Y, Wu D, Wang M, Li W. C-Terminus of E1A Binding Protein 1 Stimulates Malignant Phenotype in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8660-8670. [PMID: 31860631 PMCID: PMC6876066 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
<strong>BACKGROUND</strong> The C-terminus of E1A binding proteins (CTBPs) has recently been shown to stimulate tumorigenesis in several human tissues by participating in cell signal transduction. However, to date, the expression profile of CTBP isoforms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the impact of CTBPs on HCC cell phenotype have not been fully explored. <strong>MATERIAL AND METHODS</strong> The expression level of CTBP1 was investigated in various HCC cell lines and HCC tissues by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry assays. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 was utilized to treat hepatic astrocyte cells, and the impact of CTBP1 on proliferation and metastasis of hepatic astrocytes and HCC cells was accessed by CCK-8, clone-forming, Transwell chamber, and cell scratch assays. <strong>RESULTS</strong> Increased expression of CTBP1 was observed in HCC tissues and was a predictor of poor prognosis in HCC patients. CTBP1 modified proliferation and migratory activity of HCC cells via the PI3K/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway in hepatic astrocytes. Moreover, genetic loss of CTBP1 significantly reduced the metastatic activity of HCC cells <i>in vitro</i>. <strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong> Our data suggest that the loss of CTBP1 suppresses cell proliferative and invasive activity of HCC cells via the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Zhu
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jiliin, China (mainland)
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jiliin, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Li
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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Patel J, Baranwal S, Love IM, Patel NJ, Grossman SR, Patel BB. Inhibition of C-terminal binding protein attenuates transcription factor 4 signaling to selectively target colon cancer stem cells. Cell Cycle 2015; 13:3506-18. [PMID: 25483087 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2014.958407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective targeting of cancer stem cells (CSCs), implicated in tumor relapse, holds great promise in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Overexpression of C-terminal binding protein (CtBP), an NADH dependent transcriptional regulator, is often observed in colon cancer. Of note, TCF-4 signaling is also up-regulated in colonic CSCs. We hypothesized that CtBP, whose dehydrogenase activity is amenable to pharmacological inhibition by 4-methylthio-2-oxobutyric acid (MTOB), positively regulates TCF-4 signaling, leading to CSC growth and self-renewal. CSCs demonstrated significant upregulation of CtBP1 and CtBP2 levels (mRNA and protein) and activity partly due to increased NADH/NAD ratio, as well as increased TCF/LEF transcriptional activity, compared to respective controls. Depletion of CtBP2 inhibited, while its overexpression enhanced, CSC growth (1° spheroids) and self-renewal (2°/3° spheroids). Similarly, MTOB caused a robust inhibition of spheroid growth and self-renewal in a dose dependent manner. MTOB displayed significantly greater selectivity for growth inhibition in the spheroids, at least in part through induction of apoptosis, compared to monolayer controls. Moreover, MTOB inhibited basal as well as induced (by GSK-3β inhibitor) TCF/LEF activity while suppressing mRNA and protein levels of several β-catenin target genes (CD44, Snail, C-MYC and LGR5). Lastly, CtBP physically interacted with TCF-4, and this interaction was significantly inhibited in the presence of MTOB. The above findings point to a novel role of CtBPs in the promotion of CSC growth and self-renewal through direct regulation of TCF/LEF transcription. Moreover, small molecular inhibition of its function can selectively target CSCs, presenting a novel approach for treatment of colorectal cancer focused on targeting of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagrut Patel
- a Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center ; Richmond , VA USA
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Shackelford RE, Mayhall K, Maxwell NM, Kandil E, Coppola D. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase in malignancy: a review. Genes Cancer 2014; 4:447-56. [PMID: 24386506 DOI: 10.1177/1947601913507576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) synthesis. Both intracellular and extracellular Nampt (iNampt and eNampt) levels are increased in several human malignancies and some studies demonstrate increased iNampt in more aggressive/invasive tumors and in tumor metastases. Several different molecular targets have been identified that promote carcinogenesis following iNampt overexpression, including SirT1, CtBP, and PARP-1. Additionally, eNampt is elevated in several human cancers and is often associated with a higher tumor stage and worse prognoses. Here we review the roles of Nampt in malignancy, some of the known mechanisms by which it promotes carcinogenesis, and discuss the possibility of employing Nampt inhibitors in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim Mayhall
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Emad Kandil
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Domenico Coppola
- Anatomic Pathology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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C-Terminal Binding Protein: A Molecular Link between Metabolic Imbalance and Epigenetic Regulation in Breast Cancer. Int J Cell Biol 2013; 2013:647975. [PMID: 23762064 PMCID: PMC3671672 DOI: 10.1155/2013/647975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has given rise to significant global concerns as numerous population-based studies demonstrate an incontrovertible association between obesity and breast cancer. Mechanisms proposed to account for this linkage include exaggerated levels of carbohydrate substrates, elevated levels of circulating mitogenic hormones, and inflammatory cytokines that impinge on epithelial programming in many tissues. Moreover, recently many scientists have rediscovered the observation, first described by Otto Warburg nearly a century ago, that most cancer cells undergo a dramatic metabolic shift in energy utilization and expenditure that fuels and supports the cellular expansion associated with malignant proliferation. This shift in substrate oxidation comes at the cost of sharp changes in the levels of the high energy intermediate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). In this review, we discuss a novel example of how shifts in the concentration and flux of substrates metabolized and generated during carbohydrate metabolism represent components of a signaling network that can influence epigenetic regulatory events in the nucleus. We refer to this regulatory process as "metabolic transduction" and describe how the C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) family of NADH-dependent nuclear regulators represents a primary example of how cellular metabolic status can influence epigenetic control of cellular function and fate.
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Vaiopoulos AG, Kostakis ID, Athanasoula KC, Papavassiliou AG. Targeting transcription factor corepressors in tumor cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:1745-53. [PMID: 22527719 PMCID: PMC11114811 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-0986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
By being the "integration" center of transcriptional control as they move and target transcription factors, corepressors fine-tune the epigenetic status of the nucleus. Many of them utilize enzymatic activities to modulate chromatin through histone modification or chromatin remodeling. The clinical and etiological relevance of the corepressors to neoplastic growth is increasingly being recognized. Aberrant expression or function (both loss and gain of) of corepressors has been associated with malignancy and contribute to the generation of transcriptional "inflexibility" manifested as distorted signaling along certain axes. Understanding and predicting the consequences of corepressor alterations in tumor cells has diagnostic and prognostic value, and also have the capacity to be targeted through selective epigenetic regimens. Here, we evaluate corepressors with the most promising therapeutic potential based on their physiological roles and involvement in malignant development, and also highlight areas that can be exploited for molecular targeting of a large proportion of clinical cancers and their complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis D. Kostakis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
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