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Sang T, Fu YJ, Song L. Polysaccharides from Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Inhibit the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Regulating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:1658-1672. [PMID: 37317949 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2216915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hemerocallis citrina Baroni is an edible plant with anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and anticancer activities. However, studies on H. citrina polysaccharides are limited. In this study, a polysaccharide named HcBPS2 was isolated and purified from H. citrina. Monosaccharide component analysis showed that HcBPS2 was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid. Notably, HcBPS2 significantly inhibited human hepatoma cell proliferation, but had little effect on human normal liver cells (HL-7702). Mechanism investigations indicated HcBPS2 suppressed human hepatoma cell growth through the induction of G2/M phase arrest and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in human hepatoma cells. In addition, the data revealed that HcBPS2 treatment led to the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which then gave rise to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hepatoma cancer cells. Collectively, these findings suggested that HcBPS2 may serve as a therapeutic agent against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- TianYu Sang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yue Jun Fu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li Song
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Xinghuacun College of Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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2
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Xue X, Wang J, Fu K, Dai S, Wu R, Peng C, Li Y. The role of miR-155 on liver diseases by modulating immunity, inflammation and tumorigenesis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109775. [PMID: 36753984 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a well-known metabolic organ that can be susceptible to external stimuli to affect its normal physiological function. Worldwide, the morbidity and mortality of liver diseases are skyrocketing every year, causing human health crises. Recently, new approaches such as biotechnology have been introduced to achieve optimal treatment and prognostic management of liver diseases. microRNAs (miRNAs), a kind of small non-coding RNA molecule, have the advantages of biodiversity, wide distribution and numerous members. Among these miRNAs, miR-155 is an important regulator of inflammation, immunity and tumorigenesis. In this review, the PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched from 2009 to 2022. After inclusion and exclusion, 64 articles were selected for a systematic review to comprehensively summarize the mechanisms of miR-155 regulating inflammation, immunity and tumorigenesis in liver diseases and liver cancer, covering in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Existing preclinical studies and clinical trials have listed that the up-regulation and down-regulation of miR-155 are significant in alcoholic liver injury, viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, infectious liver injury, liver transplantation and liver cancer. The immune and inflammation effects of miR-155 are manifested by regulating macrophage polarization, NK cell killing, Th17 cell and Th1/Th2 cell differentiation. Additionally, miR-155 is also committed to participating in the cell cycle, invasion and metastasis, immune escape and other processes to promote and intensify the development of liver cancer. In conclusion, miR-155 is not only a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of liver diseases, but also plays a therapeutic role via regulating immunity, inflammation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ke Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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3
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Chen L, Gong X, Huang M. Marsdenia tenacissima extract prevents the malignant progression of glioma through upregulating lncRNA MEG3 and SFRP1-dependent inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:1272-1289. [PMID: 36756719 PMCID: PMC10068475 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Recent studies have highlighted the tumor-suppressive effect of Marsdenia tenacissima extract (MTE) on human cancers. This research unveils the potential impact of MTE on glioma and ascertains the relevant molecular mechanisms. METHODS Glioma cells were treated with MTE, with normal human astrocytes (NHAs) as controls. A battery of function experiments, including the CCK-8 viability test, colony formation assay, scratch migration assay, and Transwell invasion assay, was executed to address the responses of glioma cells to MTE treatment and gain or loss of function of lncMEG3, miR-542-3p, and SFRP1. FISH, RIP, and dual-luciferase reporter assays were adopted for assessing gene interactions. U251-GFP-Luc cells were delivered into nude mice through intracranial injection to develop an orthotopic glioma model for in vivo validation. RESULTS 200 mg/mL MTE could suppress the proliferating, migrating, and invading properties of glioma cells but not affect those of NHAs. MTE treatment enhanced the expression of lncMEG3, which competes with SFRP1 for binding miR-542-3p. SFRP1 could inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Animal experimentation substantiated the antitumor activity and mechanism of MTE in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS MTE suppresses glioma via the lncMEG3/miR-542-3p/SFRP1/Wnt/β-catenin axis. These findings contribute to a theoretical basis for the use of MTE for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengyi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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4
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Gao X, Yao X, Li X, Liang Y, Liu Z, Wang Z, Li K, Li Y, Zhang G, Wang F. Roles of WNT6 in Sheep Endometrial Epithelial Cell Cycle Progression and Uterine Glands Organogenesis. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8120316. [PMID: 34941843 PMCID: PMC8708052 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The uterus, as part of the female reproductive tract, is essential for embryo survival and in the maintenance of multiple pregnancies in domestic animals. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of WNT6 on Hu sheep endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) and uterine glands (UGs) in Hu sheep, with high prolificacy rates. In the present study, Hu sheep with different fecundity, over three consecutive pregnancies, were divided into two groups: high prolificacy rate group (HP, litter size = 3) and low prolificacy rate group (LP, litter size = 1). A comparative analysis of the endometrial morphology was performed by immunofluorescence. RNA-seq was used to analyze the gene’s expression in endometrium of HP and LP Hu sheep, providing a candidate gene, which was investigated in EECs and organoid culture. Firstly, higher density of UGs was found in the HP Hu sheep groups (p < 0.05). The RNA-seq data revealed the importance of the WNT signaling pathway and WNT6 gene in Hu sheep endometrium. Functionally, WNT6 could promote the cell cycle progression of EECs via WNT/β-catenin signal and enhance UGs organogenesis. Taken together, WNT6 is a crucial regulator for sheep endometrial development; this finding may offer a new insight into understanding the regulatory mechanism of sheep prolificacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Gao
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaolei Yao
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yaxu Liang
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zifei Liu
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhibo Wang
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kang Li
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingqi Li
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guomin Zhang
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.G.); (X.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.W.); (K.L.); (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hu Sheep Academy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-025-84395381
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Nussinov R, Jang H, Nir G, Tsai CJ, Cheng F. A new precision medicine initiative at the dawn of exascale computing. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:3. [PMID: 33402669 PMCID: PMC7785737 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00420-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Which signaling pathway and protein to select to mitigate the patient's expected drug resistance? The number of possibilities facing the physician is massive, and the drug combination should fit the patient status. Here, we briefly review current approaches and data and map an innovative patient-specific strategy to forecast drug resistance targets that centers on parallel (or redundant) proliferation pathways in specialized cells. It considers the availability of each protein in each pathway in the specific cell, its activating mutations, and the chromatin accessibility of its encoding gene. The construction of the resulting Proliferation Pathway Network Atlas will harness the emerging exascale computing and advanced artificial intelligence (AI) methods for therapeutic development. Merging the resulting set of targets, pathways, and proteins, with current strategies will augment the choice for the attending physicians to thwart resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Guy Nir
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Chung-Jung Tsai
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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6
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Xiong X, Xu W, Gong J, Wang L, Dai M, Chen G, Yuan L. miR-937-5p targets SOX17 to modulate breast cancer cell cycle and cell proliferation through the Wnt signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2020; 77:109818. [PMID: 33144185 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in women and the globally leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Bioinformatics and experimental analyses found that miR-937-5p may play a proto-oncogenic role in breast cancer; however, the specific effects and the molecular mechanism need further investigation. GSEA-KEGG and GSEA-GO suggested that miR-937-5p might be related to cell cycle and DNA replication. The experimental data indicated that miR-937-5p inhibition significantly repressed the proliferation of breast carcinoma cells and elicited S-phase cell cycle arrest. Meanwhile, the protein levels of proliferating marker ki-67 and cell cycle regulators Cyclin A2, Cyclin B1, CDK1, and Cyclin D1 were also decreased by miR-937-5p inhibition. miR-937-5p could directly bind to and negatively regulate SOX17. SOX17 overexpression also significantly repressed the proliferation of breast carcinoma cells and elicited S-phase cell cycle arrest and decreased ki-67, β-catenin, c-Myc, Cyclin A2, Cyclin B1, Cyclin D1, and CDK1 protein contents. More importantly, the effects of miR-937-5p were reversed by SOX17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiong
- Department of burn and plastic surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wendi Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jia Gong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Liwen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Mei Dai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Gannong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Liqin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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7
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Pedone E, Marucci L. Role of β-Catenin Activation Levels and Fluctuations in Controlling Cell Fate. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020176. [PMID: 30823613 PMCID: PMC6410200 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells have developed numerous adaptation mechanisms to external cues by controlling signaling-pathway activity, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a highly conserved signaling pathway involved in many biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, somatic cell reprogramming, development, and cancer. The activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the temporal dynamics of its effector β-catenin are tightly controlled by complex regulations. The latter encompass feedback loops within the pathway (e.g., a negative feedback loop involving Axin2, a β-catenin transcriptional target) and crosstalk interactions with other signaling pathways. Here, we provide a review shedding light on the coupling between Wnt/β-catenin activation levels and fluctuations across processes and cellular systems; in particular, we focus on development, in vitro pluripotency maintenance, and cancer. Possible mechanisms originating Wnt/β-catenin dynamic behaviors and consequently driving different cellular responses are also reviewed, and new avenues for future research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pedone
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK.
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Lucia Marucci
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK.
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
- BrisSynBio, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK.
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8
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Rasmussen ML, Ortolano NA, Romero-Morales AI, Gama V. Wnt Signaling and Its Impact on Mitochondrial and Cell Cycle Dynamics in Pluripotent Stem Cells. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020109. [PMID: 29463061 PMCID: PMC5852605 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The core transcriptional network regulating stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency remains an intense area of research. Increasing evidence indicates that modified regulation of basic cellular processes such as mitochondrial dynamics, apoptosis, and cell cycle are also essential for pluripotent stem cell identity and fate decisions. Here, we review evidence for Wnt regulation of pluripotency and self-renewal, and its connections to emerging features of pluripotent stem cells, including (1) increased mitochondrial fragmentation, (2) increased sensitivity to cell death, and (3) shortened cell cycle. We provide a general overview of the stem cell–specific mechanisms involved in the maintenance of these uncharacterized hallmarks of pluripotency and highlight potential links to the Wnt signaling pathway. Given the physiological importance of stem cells and their enormous potential for regenerative medicine, understanding fundamental mechanisms mediating the crosstalk between Wnt, organelle-dynamics, apoptosis, and cell cycle will be crucial to gain insight into the regulation of stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Rasmussen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37232, United States.
| | - Natalya A Ortolano
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37232, United States.
| | | | - Vivian Gama
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37232, United States.
- Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37232, United States.
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37232, United States.
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9
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Jung SI, Rodriguez N, Irrizary J, Liboro K, Bogarin T, Macias M, Eivers E, Porter E, Filler SG, Park H. Yeast casein kinase 2 governs morphology, biofilm formation, cell wall integrity, and host cell damage of Candida albicans. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187721. [PMID: 29107946 PMCID: PMC5673188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory networks governing morphogenesis of a pleomorphic fungus, Candida albicans are extremely complex and remain to be completely elucidated. This study investigated the function of C. albicans yeast casein kinase 2 (CaYck2p). The yck2Δ/yck2Δ strain displayed constitutive pseudohyphae in both yeast and hyphal growth conditions, and formed enhanced biofilm under non-biofilm inducing condition. This finding was further supported by gene expression analysis of the yck2Δ/yck2Δ strain which showed significant upregulation of UME6, a key transcriptional regulator of hyphal transition and biofilm formation, and cell wall protein genes ALS3, HWP1, and SUN41, all of which are associated with morphogenesis and biofilm architecture. The yck2Δ/yck2Δ strain was hypersensitive to cell wall damaging agents and had increased compensatory chitin deposition in the cell wall accompanied by an upregulation of the expression of the chitin synthase genes, CHS2, CHS3, and CHS8. Absence of CaYck2p also affected fungal-host interaction; the yck2Δ/yck2Δ strain had significantly reduced ability to damage host cells. However, the yck2Δ/yck2Δ strain had wild-type susceptibility to cyclosporine and FK506, suggesting that CaYck2p functions independently from the Ca+/calcineurin pathway. Thus, in C. albicans, Yck2p is a multifunctional kinase that governs morphogenesis, biofilm formation, cell wall integrity, and host cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook-In Jung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Natalie Rodriguez
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jihyun Irrizary
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Karl Liboro
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Thania Bogarin
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Marlene Macias
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Edward Eivers
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Edith Porter
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Scott G. Filler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Hyunsook Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Bender MC, Sifuentes CJ, Denver RJ. Leptin Induces Mitosis and Activates the Canonical Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Neurogenic Regions of Xenopus Tadpole Brain. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:99. [PMID: 28533765 PMCID: PMC5421298 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its well-known role as an adipostat in adult mammals, leptin has diverse physiological and developmental actions in vertebrates. Leptin has been shown to promote development of hypothalamic circuits and to induce mitosis in different brain areas of mammals. We investigated the ontogeny of leptin mRNA, leptin actions on cell proliferation in the brain, and gene expression in the preoptic area/hypothalamus of tadpoles of Xenopus laevis. The level of leptin mRNA was low in premetamorphic tadpoles, but increased strongly at the beginning of metamorphosis and peaked at metamorphic climax. This increase in leptin mRNA at the onset of metamorphosis correlated with increased cell proliferation in the neurogenic zones of tadpole brain. We found that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of recombinant Xenopus leptin (rxLeptin) in premetamorphic tadpoles strongly increased cell proliferation in neurogenic zones throughout the tadpole brain. We conducted gene expression profiling of genes induced at 2 h following i.c.v. injection of rxLeptin. This analysis identified 2,322 genes induced and 1,493 genes repressed by rxLeptin. The most enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes term was the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Using electroporation-mediated gene transfer into tadpole brain of a reporter vector responsive to the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, we found that i.c.v. rxLeptin injection activated Wnt/β-catenin-dependent transcriptional activity. Our findings show that leptin acts on the premetamorphic tadpole brain to induce cell proliferation, possibly acting via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Cui Bender
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christopher J. Sifuentes
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert J. Denver
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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11
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Cyclin Y regulates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells via Wnt signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10161-75. [PMID: 26831658 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is designated to investigate the roles of cyclin Y (CCNY) and Wnt signaling pathway in regulating ovarian cancer (OC) cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot, MTT assay, cell scratch, and transwell test were used in our study, and transplanted tumor model was constructed on nude mice. C-Myc, cyclin D1, PFTK1, ki67, OGT, and β-catenin protein expressions in tumor tissues were detected. CCNY was significantly upregulated in OC cell lines and tissues (both P < 0.05); significant association was observed between CCNY expression and clinicopathological stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P < 0.05); and the CCNY expression in stages III to IV was higher than that in stages I to II, and patients with LNM had higher CCNY expression when compared with those in patients without LNM (P < 0.05); expressions of c-Myc, cyclin D, PFTK1, ki67, and OGT were upregulated in OC tissues compared with ovarian benign tissues, suggesting that these expressions were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05); CCNY significantly exacerbated proliferation, migration, and invasion of A2780 cells; c-Myc and cyclin D1 protein expressions increased as the expression of CCNY increased (P < 0.001); β-catenin expressions in A2780 cells with over-expression of CCNY were significantly increased in the nucleus, but significantly decreased in the cytoplasm (both P < 0.05); high expressions of CCNY exacerbated the proliferation of A2780 cells in nude mice and significantly increased c-Myc, cyclin D1, PFTK1, ki67, and OGT protein expressions in tumor tissues which were transplanted into nude mice (P < 0.01). CCNY might exacerbate the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OC cells via activating the Wnt signaling pathway. Thus, this study provides a theoretical foundation for the development of therapeutic drugs that are able to cure OC by targeting CCNY.
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LIN YITING, LIU ZHIWEN, LIU XUANMING, ZHANG YUNSHENG, RONG ZHUOXIAN, LI DAN. Microarray-based analysis of the gene expression profile in GC-1 spg cells transfected with spermatogenesis associated gene 12. Int J Mol Med 2012; 31:459-66. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Angulo L, Perreau C, Lakhdari N, Uzbekov R, Papillier P, Freret S, Cadoret V, Guyader-Joly C, Royere D, Ponsart C, Uzbekova S, Dalbies-Tran R. Breast-cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) encodes a novel maternal-effect protein in bovine and is expressed in the oocyte of humans and other non-rodent mammals. Hum Reprod 2012. [PMID: 23202989 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does BCAR4 have a role in mammalian embryo development? SUMMARY ANSWER Expression, localization and functional data support that BCAR4 is a maternal-effect protein in non-rodent mammals. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY BCAR4 was previously identified as an oocyte-specific gene in cattle, and as a marker of certain breast tumors in humans. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Human oocytes were obtained from patients undergoing IVF, but had failed to mature after ovarian stimulation. Dog oocytes were obtained from ovariectomized bitches. Pig, horse and bovine ovaries were obtained from commercial slaughterhouses for extraction of immature oocyte-cumulus complexes. In vivo matured bovine matured oocytes were obtained after ovulation induction and ovulation inducing treatment of Montbeliard heifers. MATERIALS, SETTING AND METHODS Expression at the RNA level was analyzed by reverse transcription coupled to polymerase chain reaction. Western blot and immunolabeling coupled to confocal or electronic microscopy were used to analyze bovine protein expression and intracellular localization. For the functional approach, short-interfering RNA were microinjected into mature bovine oocytes, followed by IVF; cleavage and embryo development were recorded. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The BCAR4 gene is conserved in mammalian species from various orders and has been lost in rodents after divergence with lagomorphs. The transcript is expressed in the oocytes of humans and domestic species. We bring the first experimental evidence of the BCAR4 protein in mammals. In cattle, the protein is not detected in immature oocytes but starts to be synthesized during maturation, increases in the zygote and persists until the morula stage. The protein is detected throughout the cytoplasm in mature oocytes, concentrates in and around the pronuclei in the zygote, and appears to shuttle in and out of the nuclei starting in the 2-cell embryo; BCAR4 is also present at the junctions between blastomeres from 2-cell to morula. In our functional approach, targeting the BCAR4 transcript by small-interfering RNA significantly compromised development to the morula or/and blastocyst stages (P < 0.05, logistic regression). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION As indicated above, protein expression and function were investigated in cattle and mostly in vitro matured oocytes were used. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study provides a novel candidate gene whose mutation or deregulation may underlie certain cases of unexplained female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Angulo
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
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