1
|
Multi-Omic Profiles in Infants at Risk for Food Reactions. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13112024. [DOI: 10.3390/genes13112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Food reactions (FR) are multifactorial and impacted by medical, demographic, environmental, and immunologic factors. We hypothesized that multi-omic analyses of host-microbial factors in saliva would enhance our understanding of FR development. This longitudinal cohort study included 164 infants followed from birth through two years. The infants were identified as FR (n = 34) or non-FR (n = 130) using the Infant Feeding Practice II survey and medical record confirmation. Saliva was collected at six months for the multi-omic assessment of cytokines, mRNAs, microRNAs, and the microbiome/virome. The levels of one miRNA (miR-203b-3p, adj. p = 0.043, V = 2913) and one viral phage (Proteus virus PM135, adj. p = 0.027, V = 2955) were lower among infants that developed FRs. The levels of one bacterial phylum (Cyanobacteria, adj. p = 0.048, V = 1515) were higher among infants that developed FR. Logistical regression models revealed that the addition of multi-omic features (miR-203b-3p, Cyanobacteria, and Proteus virus PM135) improved predictiveness for future FRs in infants (p = 0.005, X2 = 12.9), predicting FRs with 72% accuracy (AUC = 0.81, sensitivity = 72%, specificity = 72%). The multi-omic analysis of saliva may enhance the accurate identification of infants at risk of FRs and provide insights into the host/microbiome interactions that predispose certain infants to FRs.
Collapse
|
2
|
Evangelista FCG, Ferrão ALM, Duarte RCF, Gomes LC, Alves LCV, Campos FMF, Braga TV, Santiago MG, Araújo SSDS, Carvalho MDG, Sabino ADP. Circulating microparticles and thrombin generation in patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
3
|
Pavlidis G, Papageorgiou SG, Bazani E, Bouchla A, Glezou E, Gkontopoulos K, Thomopoulos T, Pappa V, Vlahakos DV. Discontinuation of the renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improves erythropoiesis in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Ther Adv Hematol 2021; 12:2040620720958299. [PMID: 33489062 PMCID: PMC7809530 DOI: 10.1177/2040620720958299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockade by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) has been related to anemia in various situations. We aimed to investigate whether discontinuation of RAS inhibitors improves erythropoiesis in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDSs). Seventy-four patients with LR-MDS were divided into three groups matched for gender and age. Group A consisted of 20 hypertensive patients who discontinued RAS inhibitors and received alternative medications. Group B consisted of 26 patients who continued to receive ACEi/ARB and Group C included 28 patients (50% hypertensive) never exposed to ACEi/ARB. Half of the patients in each group were under treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO). Data were collected at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months. Group A showed a significant increase in hemoglobin from 10.4 ± 1g/dL at baseline to 12.6 ± 1.2 g/dL after 12 months (p = 0.035) and in hematocrit (31.4 ± 3% versus 37.9 ± 4%, p = 0.002). Incident anemia decreased from 100% at baseline to 60% at 12 months (p = 0.043) despite a concomitant dose reduction in rHuEPO by 18% (p = 0.035). No changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit were observed in both Group B and Group C. In the subset of patients not treated with rHuEPO, improvement of erythropoiesis was found only in Group A, as measured by changes in hemoglobin (11.5 ± 1 g/dL versus 12.4 ± 1.3 g/dL, p = 0.041) and hematocrit (34.5 ± 3% versus 37.1 ± 4%, p = 0.038) after 12 months. In contrast, Group B and Group C decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit after 12 months (p < 0.05). In conclusion, discontinuation of ACEi/ARB in LR-MDS patients is followed by a significant recovery of erythropoiesis after 12 months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Pavlidis
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Propaedeutic and Research Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Papageorgiou
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Propaedeutic and Research Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, Athens, 12462, Greece
| | - Efthimia Bazani
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Propaedeutic and Research Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece
| | - Anthi Bouchla
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Propaedeutic and Research Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Glezou
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Propaedeutic and Research Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gkontopoulos
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Propaedeutic and Research Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Thomopoulos
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Propaedeutic and Research Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Propaedeutic and Research Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios V Vlahakos
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Propaedeutic and Research Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Balaji E V, Kumar N, Satarker S, Nampoothiri M. Zinc as a plausible epigenetic modulator of glioblastoma multiforme. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 887:173549. [PMID: 32926916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor (WHO grade 4 astrocytoma) with unknown causes and is associated with a reduced life expectancy. The available treatment options namely radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy have failed to improve life expectancy. Out of the various therapeutic approaches, epigenetic therapy is one of the most studied. Epigenetic therapy is involved in the effective treatment of GBM by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase, histone deacetylation and non-coding RNA. It also promotes the expression of the tumor suppressor gene and is involved in the suppression of the oncogene. Various targets are being studied to implement proper epigenetic regulation to control GBM effectively. Zinc is one of the micronutrients which is considered to maintain epigenetic regulation by promoting the proper DNA folding, protecting genetic material from the oxidative damage and controlling the enzyme activation involved in the epigenetic regulation. Here, we are discussing the importance of zinc in regulating the epigenetic modifications and assessing its role in glioblastoma research. The discussion also highlights the importance of artificial intelligence using epigenetics for envisaging the glioma progression, diagnosis and its management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Balaji E
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Sairaj Satarker
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heinsberg LW, Conley YP. Omics for Nurse Scientists Conducting Environmental Health Research. ANNUAL REVIEW OF NURSING RESEARCH 2019; 38:35-52. [PMID: 32102954 DOI: 10.1891/0739-6686.38.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nurse scientists are ideally positioned to perform environmental health research and it is critical that the role of omics in the complex relationships between environmental exposures and an individual's unique physiology in human health outcomes be appreciated. Importantly, omics can offer nurse scientists a tool to measure exposure, demonstrate molecular phenotypic changes associated with exposure, and potentially uncover mechanisms of exposure-related disease or negative health outcomes. The purpose of this summary is to serve as an overview of omics methodologies for nurse scientists conducting environmental health research and provides future directions of this work as well as exemplar funding opportunities that demonstrate the growing need and interest in this area. The intersection of nursing and exposure science will accelerate the work in environmental health and bring forth translation of research findings into clinical and community practice. Importantly, this information can better help us understand the variation in response to the environment and support environmental health policy change at the local, state, and federal level to improve community health and well-being.
Collapse
|
6
|
Llamas Luceño N, de Souza Ramos Angrimani D, de Cássia Bicudo L, Szymańska KJ, Van Poucke M, Demeyere K, Meyer E, Peelman L, Mullaart E, Broekhuijse MLWJ, Van Soom A. Exposing dairy bulls to high temperature-humidity index during spermatogenesis compromises subsequent embryo development in vitro. Theriogenology 2019; 141:16-25. [PMID: 31494458 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The possible impact of natural heat stress on animal fertility is currently a major concern for breeding companies. Here, we aimed to address this concern by determining the effects of natural heat stress on the fertility of Holstein bulls located in the Netherlands. Semen samples were collected from six bulls at two locations in March 2016 (low temperature-humidity index (THI) group; maximum THI of 51.8 and 55 at their respective locations) or August (high THI group; maximum THI of 77.9 and 80.5 during meiotic and spermiogenic stages of spermatogenesis, 42 to 14 days prior to semen collection). The effect of heat stress on semen quality was assessed by sperm morphology, motility, reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation, viability, and DNA fragmentation. Moreover, we evaluated the development of embryos generated in vitro by low and high THI semen, and determined inner cell mass/trophectoderm ratio, apoptotic cell ratio, and embryonic gene expression in day-8 blastocysts. An increase in cell death (propidium iodide-positive cells; P = 0.039) was observed in the high THI group (31.5%) compared to the low THI group (27.6%). Moreover, a decrease (P < 0.001) was observed in the total blastocyst rates at day 7 post-insemination (15.3 vs 20.9%) and day 8 (23.2 vs 29.6%) in the high THI compared to the low THI group, respectively. There were no differences in the relative abundance of candidate transcripts examined. In conclusion, sperm samples from dairy bulls obtained during a period with higher THI had reduced viability and led to a decrease in blastocyst development and delayed hatching, compared to semen collected during a period with low THI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Llamas Luceño
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Daniel de Souza Ramos Angrimani
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium; Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana de Cássia Bicudo
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium; Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katarzyna J Szymańska
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mario Van Poucke
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Kristel Demeyere
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Luc Peelman
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhai W, Yong D, El-Jawhari JJ, Cuthbert R, McGonagle D, Win Naing M, Jones E. Identification of senescent cells in multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell cultures: Current methods and future directions. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:803-819. [PMID: 31138507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Regardless of their tissue of origin, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are commonly expanded in vitro for several population doublings to achieve a sufficient number of cells for therapy. Prolonged MSC expansion has been shown to result in phenotypical, morphological and gene expression changes in MSCs, which ultimately lead to the state of senescence. The presence of senescent cells in therapeutic MSC batches is undesirable because it reduces their viability, differentiation potential and trophic capabilities. Additionally, senescent cells acquire senescence-activated secretory phenotype, which may not only induce apoptosis in the neighboring host cells following MSC transplantation, but also trigger local inflammatory reactions. This review outlines the current and promising new methodologies for the identification of senescent cells in MSC cultures, with a particular emphasis on non-destructive and label-free methodologies. Technologies allowing identification of individual senescent cells, based on new surface markers, offer potential advantage for targeted senescent cell removal using new-generation senolytic agents, and subsequent production of therapeutic MSC batches fully devoid of senescent cells. Methods or a combination of methods that are non-destructive and label-free, for example, involving cell size and spectroscopic measurements, could be the best way forward because they do not modify the cells of interest, thus maximizing the final output of therapeutic-grade MSC cultures. The further incorporation of machine learning methods has also recently shown promise in facilitating, automating and enhancing the analysis of these measured data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Zhai
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK; Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Innovis, Singapore
| | - Derrick Yong
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Innovis, Singapore
| | - Jehan Jomaa El-Jawhari
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Richard Cuthbert
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK
| | - May Win Naing
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Innovis, Singapore
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Krejcik Z, Belickova M, Hrustincova A, Votavova H, Jonasova A, Cermak J, Dyr JE, Merkerova MD. MicroRNA profiles as predictive markers of response to azacitidine therapy in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:101-110. [PMID: 29630523 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-171029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azacitidine (AZA) is a nucleoside analog used for treatment of myelodysplasia and the prediction of AZA responsiveness is important for the therapy management. METHODS Using microarrays and reverse-transcription quantitative-PCR, we analyzed microRNA (miRNA) expression in bone marrow CD34+ cells of 27 patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes or acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes before and during AZA treatment. RESULTS At baseline, we found that future overall response rate was significantly higher in patients with upregulated miR-17-3p and downregulated miR-100-5p and miR-133b. Importantly, the high level of miR-100-5p at baseline was associated with shorter overall survival (HR = 4.066, P= 0.008). After AZA treatment, we observed deregulation of 30 miRNAs in responders (including downregulation of miR-10b-5p, miR-15a-5p/b-5p, miR-24-3p, and miR-148b-3p), while their levels remained unchanged in non-responders. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that responders and non-responders have distinct miRNA patterns and that the level of specific miRNAs before therapy may predict the efficacy of AZA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Krejcik
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Belickova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Hana Votavova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jaroslav Cermak
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan E Dyr
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ellwanger JH, Zambra FMB, Guimarães RL, Chies JAB. MicroRNA-Related Polymorphisms in Infectious Diseases-Tiny Changes With a Huge Impact on Viral Infections and Potential Clinical Applications. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1316. [PMID: 29963045 PMCID: PMC6010531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded sequences of non-coding RNA with approximately 22 nucleotides that act posttranscriptionally on gene expression. miRNAs are important gene regulators in physiological contexts, but they also impact the pathogenesis of various diseases. The role of miRNAs in viral infections has been explored by different authors in both population-based as well as in functional studies. However, the effect of miRNA polymorphisms on the susceptibility to viral infections and on the clinical course of these diseases is still an emerging topic. Thus, this review will compile and organize the findings described in studies that evaluated the effects of genetic variations on miRNA genes and on their binding sites, in the context of human viral diseases. In addition to discussing the basic aspects of miRNAs biology, we will cover the studies that investigated miRNA polymorphisms in infections caused by hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, Epstein–Barr virus, and human papillomavirus. Finally, emerging topics concerning the importance of miRNA genetic variants will be presented, focusing on the context of viral infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Henrique Ellwanger
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Francis Maria Báo Zambra
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Lima Guimarães
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Koutsi A, Vervesou EC. Diagnostic molecular techniques in haematology: recent advances. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:242. [PMID: 30069444 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.05.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic disorders are often driven by genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations. New advanced technologies including next-generation sequencing, ultra-deep PCR and whole-genome and exome sequencing were proved very efficient in detecting several mutations implicated in the pathogenesis of hematological diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that genomic data can be useful in all aspects of clinical practice including diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of response to specific treatments, as well as in the development of novel targeted treatments for patients with hematological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Koutsi
- Department of Hematology, Errikos Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Azizi M, Fard-Esfahani P, Mahmoodzadeh H, Fazeli MS, Azadmanesh K, Zeinali S, Teimoori-Toolabi L. MiR-377 reverses cancerous phenotypes of pancreatic cells via suppressing DNMT1 and demethylating tumor suppressor genes. Epigenomics 2017; 9:1059-1075. [PMID: 28758420 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim was to investigate the effect of miR-377 on DNMT1 expression and cancer phenotype in pancreatic cancer cells. MATERIALS & METHODS Real-time PCR, luciferase assay, MTT and Annexin-PI staining were used. RESULTS Decreased miR-377 and increased DNMT1 (verified as a target for mir-377) levels in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines in comparison with normal tissues was confirmed to be influenced by promoter methylation. Also hypermethylation of BNIP3, SPARC, TFPI2 and PENK promoters was observed in tumor samples but not in normal tissues which negatively correlated with their expression. Restoration of miR-377 resulted in a reduction of the expression of DNMT1 and reactivation of BNIP3 and SPARC genes via promoter demethylation. Furthermore, enhanced expression of miR-377 could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that miR-377 through targeting DNMT1 could reduce DNA methylation of some tumor suppressor genes and restore their expression in pancreatic cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Azizi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Habibollah Mahmoodzadeh
- Cancer Institute of Iran, Imam Khomeini Medical Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Fazeli
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colo-Rectal Surgery, Imam Khomeini Medical Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sirous Zeinali
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Teimoori-Toolabi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Martínez-Fernández M, Dueñas M, Feber A, Segovia C, García-Escudero R, Rubio C, López-Calderón FF, Díaz-García C, Villacampa F, Duarte J, Gómez-Rodriguez MJ, Castellano D, Rodriguez-Peralto JL, de la Rosa F, Beck S, Paramio JM. A Polycomb-mir200 loop regulates clinical outcome in bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42258-75. [PMID: 26517683 PMCID: PMC4747223 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a highly prevalent disease, ranking fifth in the most common cancers worldwide. Various miRNAs have recently emerged as potential prognostic biomarkers in cancer. The miR-200 family, which repressed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is repressed in multiple advanced cancers. However, its expression and function in BC is still poorly understood. Here we show that miR-200 family displays increased expression, probably due to the activation of specific oncogenic signaling pathways, and reduced promoter methylation, in BC compared to normal bladder samples. Furthermore, we show that the expression of these miRNAs is decreased in high grade and stage tumors, and the down-regulation is associated with patient's poor clinical outcome. Our data indicate that the miR-200 family plays distinct roles in Non-Muscle (NMIBC) and Muscle-Invasive BC (MIBC). In MIBC, miR-200 expression post transcriptionally regulates EMT-promoting transcription factors ZEB1 and ZEB2, whereas suppresses BMI1 expression in NMIBC. Interestingly, we show that increased EZH2 and/or BMI1 expression repress the expression of miR-200 family members. Collectively, these findings support a model of BC progression through a coordinated action between the Polycomb Repression Complex (PRC) members repressing the miR-200 expression, which ultimately favors invasive BC development. Since pharmacological inhibition of EZH2 in BC cell lines lead to increased miR-200 expression, our findings may support new therapeutic strategies for BC clinical management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Martínez-Fernández
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrew Feber
- Medical Genomics, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Cristina Segovia
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Escudero
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Rubio
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando F López-Calderón
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Felipe Villacampa
- Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain.,Uro-oncology Section, Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Duarte
- Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain.,Uro-oncology Section, Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Gómez-Rodriguez
- Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain.,Uro-oncology Section, Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Castellano
- Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain.,Uro-oncology Section, Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Rodriguez-Peralto
- Anatomic Pathology Service, Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico de la Rosa
- Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain.,Uro-oncology Section, Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Beck
- Medical Genomics, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jesús M Paramio
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (ed70A), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Universitary Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu H, Pattie P, Chandrasekara S, Spencer A, Dear AE. Epigenetic regulation of miRNA-124 and multiple downstream targets is associated with treatment response in myeloid malignancies. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2175-2180. [PMID: 27602159 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Particular interest has focused on miRNA-124 expression, which is inhibited in MDS and has recently been demonstrated to be upregulated in response to epigenetic treatment (EGT). Previous studies have determined the in vitro and in vivo expression of miRNA-124 and several molecular targets, including cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4, CDK6 and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), in order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms associated with the miRNA-124-mediated therapeutic response to EGT in MDS and identify additional potential biomarkers of early EGT treatment response in myeloid malignancies. In vitro studies in the HL60 leukemic cell line identified upregulation of miRNA-124 expression in response to single-agent EGT with either azacytidine (AZA) or the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat (LBH589). Combination EGT with AZA and LBH589 resulted in significant additive induction of miRNA-124 expression. Expression of downstream targets of miRNA-124, including CDK4, CDK6 and EZH2, in response to single agent and combined EGT was determined in HL60 cells. Single and combination EGT treatment resulted in inhibition of CDK4, CDK6 and EZH2 expression with combination EGT resulting in a significant and additive inhibitory effect. In vivo studies using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients receiving combination EGT for high risk MDS or acute myeloid leukemia demonstrated significant induction of miRNA-124 and inhibition CDK4 and CDK6 messenger (m)RNA expression in patients that responded to combination EGT. A trend to inhibited EZH2 mRNA expression was also identified in response to combination EGT. Overall, the present observations identify a potential molecular mechanism for miRNA-124-mediated response to EGT involving regulation of CDK4, CDK6 and EZH2 expression. In addition, the present findings further qualify miRNA-124 as a possible biomarker of early response to EGT in myeloid malignancies and potentially a valid therapeutic target, together with CDK4, CDK6 and EZH2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Liu
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Translational Research Division, Eastern Clinical Research Unit, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Phillip Pattie
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Translational Research Division, Eastern Clinical Research Unit, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Sahan Chandrasekara
- Department of Medicine, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3128, Australia
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Anthony E Dear
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Translational Research Division, Eastern Clinical Research Unit, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Department of Medicine, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3128, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kirimura S, Kurata M, Nakagawa Y, Onishi I, Abe-Suzuki S, Abe S, Yamamoto K, Kitagawa M. Role of microRNA-29b in myelodysplastic syndromes during transformation to overt leukaemia. Pathology 2016; 48:233-41. [PMID: 27020498 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome 7q32 is a frequently deleted region in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and encodes the microRNAs (miRNAs) miR-29a/miR-29b. Both miR-29s down-regulate the anti-apoptotic protein myeloid cell leukaemia 1 (MCL-1) in acute myeloid leukaemia. Thus, to investigate the role of miR-29s in the transformation of MDS to overt leukaemia (OL), we analysed the relationship between miR-29 expression and MCL-1 expression. MiR-29b expression was down-regulated in refractory anaemia and OL bone marrow as compared to that in control bone marrow. MCL-1 expression level in OL was significantly higher than that in refractory anaemia with excess blasts and a negative correlation was observed between miR-29b and MCL-1 messenger RNA expression levels in OL samples. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the MCL-1 positive rate among MDS bone marrow CD34 positive cells significantly increased during transformation to OL. Additionally, MCL-1 positive cells were negative for cleaved caspase 3, which indicated that these cells avoided apoptosis. Reduced miR-29b expression in MDS bone marrow cells might trigger transformation to OL via overexpression of MCL-1 in blastic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Kirimura
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Morito Kurata
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Nakagawa
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iichiroh Onishi
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Abe-Suzuki
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamamoto
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kitagawa
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Milunović V, Mandac Rogulj I, Planinc-Peraica A, Bulycheva E, Kolonić Ostojić S. The role of microRNA in myelodysplastic syndromes: beyond DNA methylation and histone modification. Eur J Haematol 2016; 96:553-63. [PMID: 26773284 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous group of hematologic disorders of mostly elderly and based on distinct clinical phenotypes. Current paradigm of their pathogenesis relies on somatic gene mutations combined with the predisposing defective osteohematopoietic niche, but due to the breakout in epigenetic research scientific focus has steered toward two most common epigenetic modifications: methylation mechanisms and histone modification. At the same time, relatively few studies have been undertaken regarding the third epigenetic pathway - microRNAs - in MDS. The main aim of this review is to provide the basics of microRNA biology and function in oncogenesis, showing the complexity of mechanisms behind this single-stranded 22 nucleotides long RNA molecule, with further focus on its implication in MDS pathology and clinical context. By extensive literature search, we have shown enough evidence for their deregulation in MDS. However, few studies have addressed the issue on pathogenic events in MDS and its association with specific microRNAs. Preliminary research in clinical setting has shown the possible utility of microRNAs in terms of prognosis and therapy, although we are only beginning to understand various implications of microRNAs in MDS and further extensive research is warranted to answer multiple questions arising from interconnection of this epigenetic mechanism in MDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vibor Milunović
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Centre Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia.,Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Inga Mandac Rogulj
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Centre Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Planinc-Peraica
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Centre Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ekaterina Bulycheva
- Medizinische Klinic und Poliklinik I, Universitatsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus, Technische Universitat, Dresden, Germany
| | - Slobodanka Kolonić Ostojić
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Centre Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Muntión S, Ramos TL, Diez-Campelo M, Rosón B, Sánchez-Abarca LI, Misiewicz-Krzeminska I, Preciado S, Sarasquete ME, de las Rivas J, González M, Sánchez-Guijo F, del Cañizo MC. Microvesicles from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Are Involved in HPC-Microenvironment Crosstalk in Myelodysplastic Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146722. [PMID: 26836120 PMCID: PMC4737489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes/microvesicles (MVs) provide a mechanism of intercellular communication. Our hypothesis was that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients could modify CD34+ cells properties by MVs. They were isolated from MSC from MDS patients and healthy donors (HD). MVs from 30 low-risk MDS patients and 27 HD were purified by ExoQuick-TC™ or ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry (FC) and western blot for CD63. Incorporation of MVs into CD34+ cells was analyzed by FC, and confocal and fluorescence microscopy. Changes in hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) properties were assessed from modifications in microRNAs and gene expression in CD34+ cells as well as viability and clonogenic assays of CD34+ cells after MVs incorporation. Some microRNAs were overexpressed in MVs from patients MSC and two of them, miR-10a and miR-15a, were confirmed by RT-PCR. These microRNAs were transferred to CD34+ cells, modifying the expression of MDM2 and P53 genes, which was evaluated by RT-PCR and western blot. Finally, examining CD34+ cells properties after incorporation, higher cell viability (p = 0.025) and clonogenic capacity (p = 0.037) were observed when MVs from MDS patients were incorporated. In summary, we show that BM-MSC release MVs with a different cargo in MDS patients compared with HD. These structures are incorporated into HPC and modify their properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Muntión
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
- Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IBSAL-Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Teresa L. Ramos
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- IBSAL-Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Diez-Campelo
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
- Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IBSAL-Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rosón
- Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Ignacio Sánchez-Abarca
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
- Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- IBSAL-Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Irena Misiewicz-Krzeminska
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Silvia Preciado
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
- Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- IBSAL-Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María-Eugenia Sarasquete
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- IBSAL-Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier de las Rivas
- Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos González
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- IBSAL-Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fermín Sánchez-Guijo
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
- Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- IBSAL-Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María-Consuelo del Cañizo
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
- Red Nacional de Terapia Celular (TerCel), Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- IBSAL-Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xue G, Ren Z, Chen Y, Zhu J, Du Y, Pan D, Li X, Hu B. A feedback regulation between miR-145 and DNA methyltransferase 3b in prostate cancer cell and their responses to irradiation. Cancer Lett 2015; 361:121-7. [PMID: 25749421 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It is believed that epigenetic modification plays roles in cancer initiation and progression. Both microRNA and DNA methyltransferase are epigenetic regulation factors. It was found that miR-145 upregulates while DNMT3b downregulates in PC3 cells. Presence of any negative correlationship and their response to irradiation were investigated in the current study. We found that miR-145 downregulated DNMT3b expression by directly targeting the 3'-UTR of DNMT3b mRNA and knockdown of DNMT3b increased expression of miR-145 via CpG island promoter hypomethylation, suggesting that there is a crucial crosstalk between miR-145 and DNMT3b via a double-negative feedback loop. Responses of the miR-145 and DNMT3b to irradiation are a negative correlation. We also found that either overexpression of miR-145 or knockdown of DNMT3b sensitized prostate cancer cells to X-ray radiation. Our findings enrich the complex relationships between miRNA and DNMTs in carcinogenesis and irradiation stress. It also sheds light on the potential combination of ionizing radiation and epigenetic regulation in prostate cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xue
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenxin Ren
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yaxiong Chen
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiayun Zhu
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yarong Du
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dong Pan
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Burong Hu
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sui X, Zhu J, Zhou J, Wang X, Li D, Han W, Fang Y, Pan H. Epigenetic modifications as regulatory elements of autophagy in cancer. Cancer Lett 2015; 360:106-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
19
|
Genetics factors associated with myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2015; 55:76-81. [PMID: 25976472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a clinically and cytogenetically heterogeneous group of clonal diseases. Clonal chromosomal abnormalities are observed in 30-50% of patients with MDS. The deletions are among the most common alterations, and often involve the long arms of chromosomes 5, 7, 8, 13, and 20 and the short arms of chromosomes 12 and 17. The advent of new technologies for the detection of genetic abnormalities led to the description of a new set of recurrent mutations, leading to new insights into the pathophysiology of MDS. The recent recognition that genes involved in the regulation of histone function (EZH2, ASXL1, and UTX) and DNA methylation (DNMT3A, IDH1/IDH2, and TET2) are frequently mutated in MDS, has led to the proposal that there is an important link between genetic and epigenetic alterations in this disease. In fact, regulatory factors have also been considered as miR-143/miR-145, miR-146a, miR-125a and MiR-21. Somatic mutations may influence the clinical phenotype but are not included in current prognostic scoring systems. In recent years research has brought new insights into these diseases, but few of the findings are sufficiently robust to be incorporated into the clinical routine at this time. Thus, the aim of this study was to review the role of genetic factors involved in the diagnosis and development of the different phenotypes of MDS.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
DNA methylation and histone modification are epigenetic mechanisms that result in altered gene expression and cellular phenotype. The exact role of methylation in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unclear. However, aberrations (e.g. loss-/gain-of-function or up-/down-regulation) in components of epigenetic transcriptional regulation in general, and of the methylation machinery in particular, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases. In addition, many of these components have been identified as therapeutic targets for patients with MDS/AML, and are also being assessed as potential biomarkers of response or resistance to hypomethylating agents (HMAs). The HMAs 5-azacitidine (AZA) and 2'-deoxy-5-azacitidine (decitabine, DAC) inhibit DNA methylation and have shown significant clinical benefits in patients with myeloid malignancies. Despite being viewed as mechanistically similar drugs, AZA and DAC have differing mechanisms of action. DAC is incorporated 100% into DNA, whereas AZA is incorporated into RNA (80-90%) as well as DNA (10-20%). As such, both drugs inhibit DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs; dependently or independently of DNA replication) resulting in the re-expression of tumor-suppressor genes; however, AZA also has an impact on mRNA and protein metabolism via its inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase, resulting in apoptosis. Herein, we first give an overview of transcriptional regulation, including DNA methylation, post-translational histone-tail modifications, the role of micro-RNA and long-range epigenetic gene silencing. We place special emphasis on epigenetic transcriptional regulation and discuss the implication of various components in the pathogenesis of MDS/AML, their potential as therapeutic targets, and their therapeutic modulation by HMAs and other substances (if known). The main focus of this review is laid on dissecting the rapidly evolving knowledge of AZA and DAC with a special focus on their differing mechanisms of action, and the effect of HMAs on transcriptional regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pleyer
- 3rd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University Hospital Salzburg, Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials at Salzburg Cancer Research Institute , Salzburg , Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhou T, Chen P, Gu J, Bishop AJR, Scott LM, Hasty P, Rebel VI. Potential relationship between inadequate response to DNA damage and development of myelodysplastic syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:966-89. [PMID: 25569081 PMCID: PMC4307285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16010966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are responsible for the continuous regeneration of all types of blood cells, including themselves. To ensure the functional and genomic integrity of blood tissue, a network of regulatory pathways tightly controls the proliferative status of HSCs. Nevertheless, normal HSC aging is associated with a noticeable decline in regenerative potential and possible changes in other functions. Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is an age-associated hematopoietic malignancy, characterized by abnormal blood cell maturation and a high propensity for leukemic transformation. It is furthermore thought to originate in a HSC and to be associated with the accrual of multiple genetic and epigenetic aberrations. This raises the question whether MDS is, in part, related to an inability to adequately cope with DNA damage. Here we discuss the various components of the cellular response to DNA damage. For each component, we evaluate related studies that may shed light on a potential relationship between MDS development and aberrant DNA damage response/repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio (UTHSCSA), 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Peishuai Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio (UTHSCSA), 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Hematology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China.
| | - Alexander J R Bishop
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio (UTHSCSA), 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Linda M Scott
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Paul Hasty
- The Cancer Therapy Research Center, UTHSCSA, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Vivienne I Rebel
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio (UTHSCSA), 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu J, Du X, Zhou J, Pan Z, Liu H, Li Q. MicroRNA-26b functions as a proapoptotic factor in porcine follicular Granulosa cells by targeting Sma-and Mad-related protein 4. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:146. [PMID: 25395673 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.122788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sma- and Mad-related protein 4 (SMAD4) is the central mediator of the transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway and is closely related to mammalian reproductive ability and the development of ovarian follicles. However, little is currently known about the role of SMAD4 in mammalian follicular granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis or its regulation by miRNAs. Here, we found that the porcine SMAD4 protein was expressed at high levels in GCs and oocytes from primary, preantral, and antral follicles, and only slightly expressed in theca cells; its expression level was down-regulated in apoptotic ovarian GCs, suggesting that SMAD4 may be involved in ovary development and selection. Overexpression and knockdown of SMAD4 increased the proliferation and apoptosis of cultured porcine GCs, respectively. In addition, the use of miRNA mimics and luciferase reporter assays revealed that miRNA-26b (miR-26b) functions as a proapoptotic factor in porcine follicular GCs by targeting the 3'-untranslated region of the SMAD4 gene. Overexpression of miR-26b in follicular GCs suppressed SMAD4 mRNA and protein levels, resulting in down-regulation of the antiapoptotic BCL-2 gene and the promotion of GC apoptosis. Furthermore, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) down-regulates miR-26b expression in porcine GCs. Taken together, these data suggest that SMAD4 plays a critical role in porcine follicular GC apoptosis and follicular atresia and that miR-26b may have a proapoptotic role in GCs by regulating the expression of SMAD4 in the transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jilong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Zengxiang Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Honglin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Qifa Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Walenda T, Stiehl T, Braun H, Fröbel J, Ho AD, Schroeder T, Goecke TW, Rath B, Germing U, Marciniak-Czochra A, Wagner W. Feedback signals in myelodysplastic syndromes: increased self-renewal of the malignant clone suppresses normal hematopoiesis. PLoS Comput Biol 2014; 10:e1003599. [PMID: 24763223 PMCID: PMC3998886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are triggered by an aberrant hematopoietic stem cell (HSC). It is, however, unclear how this clone interferes with physiologic blood formation. In this study, we followed the hypothesis that the MDS clone impinges on feedback signals for self-renewal and differentiation and thereby suppresses normal hematopoiesis. Based on the theory that the MDS clone affects feedback signals for self-renewal and differentiation and hence suppresses normal hematopoiesis, we have developed a mathematical model to simulate different modifications in MDS-initiating cells and systemic feedback signals during disease development. These simulations revealed that the disease initiating cells must have higher self-renewal rates than normal HSCs to outcompete normal hematopoiesis. We assumed that self-renewal is the default pathway of stem and progenitor cells which is down-regulated by an increasing number of primitive cells in the bone marrow niche – including the premature MDS cells. Furthermore, the proliferative signal is up-regulated by cytopenia. Overall, our model is compatible with clinically observed MDS development, even though a single mutation scenario is unlikely for real disease progression which is usually associated with complex clonal hierarchy. For experimental validation of systemic feedback signals, we analyzed the impact of MDS patient derived serum on hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro: in fact, MDS serum slightly increased proliferation, whereas maintenance of primitive phenotype was reduced. However, MDS serum did not significantly affect colony forming unit (CFU) frequencies indicating that regulation of self-renewal may involve local signals from the niche. Taken together, we suggest that initial mutations in MDS particularly favor aberrant high self-renewal rates. Accumulation of primitive MDS cells in the bone marrow then interferes with feedback signals for normal hematopoiesis – which then results in cytopenia. Myelodysplastic syndromes are diseases which are characterized by ineffective blood formation. There is accumulating evidence that they are caused by an aberrant hematopoietic stem cell. However, it is yet unclear how this malignant clone suppresses normal hematopoiesis. To this end, we generated mathematical models under the assumption that feedback signals regulate self-renewal and proliferation of normal and diseased stem cells. The simulations demonstrate that the malignant cells must have particularly higher self-renewal rates than normal stem cells – rather than higher proliferation rates. On the other hand, down-regulation of self-renewal by the increasing number of malignant cells in the bone marrow niche can explain impairment of normal blood formation. In fact, we show that serum of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, as compared to serum of healthy donors, stimulates proliferation and moderately impacts on maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in vitro. Thus, aberrant high self-renewal rates of the malignant clone seem to initiate disease development; suppression of normal blood formation is then caused by a rebound effect of feedback signals which down-regulate self-renewal of normal stem and progenitor cells as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Walenda
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Stiehl
- Interdisciplinary Center of Scientific Computing (IWR), Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Braun
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Fröbel
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anthony D. Ho
- Department of Medicine V, Medical Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schroeder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tamme W. Goecke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Björn Rath
- Department for Orthopedics, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Marciniak-Czochra
- Interdisciplinary Center of Scientific Computing (IWR), Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The acquisition of cancer stem cell-like properties and neoplastic transformation of human keratinocytes induced by arsenite involves epigenetic silencing of let-7c via Ras/NF-κB. Toxicol Lett 2014; 227:91-8. [PMID: 24704393 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of humans to inorganic arsenic can cause skin cancer. The acquisition of cancer stem cell-like properties is involved in the initiation of some cancers, and there are changes in let-7 levels in some tumors. The mechanisms of action, however, remain obscure. Here, we report that there are decreased levels of let-7a, let-7b, and let-7c in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells during malignant transformation induced by a low concentration (1.0μM) of arsenite. The process by which arsenite reduces the level of let-7c apparently involves methylation, for 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, an inhibitor of methyltransferases, prevents arsenite-induced hypermethylation, decreases the level of let-7c, and thereby blocks arsenite-induced activation of the Ras/NF-κB signal pathway. Let-7c is an up-stream regulator of the Ras/NF-κB signal pathway and down-regulates activation of this pathway. In arsenite-transformed HaCaT cells, the acquisition of cancer stem cell-like properties is prevented by over-expression of let-7c, and over-expression of let-7c decreases the malignancy of transformed HaCaT cells. Thus, we conclude that epigenetic silencing of let-7c via Ras/NF-κB is involved in the acquisition of cancer stem cell-like properties and neoplastic transformation of HaCaT cells induced by arsenite, which contribute to the tumorigenesis of arsenite.
Collapse
|