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Bugaytsova JA, Piddubnyi A, Tkachenko I, Rakhimova L, Edlund JO, Thorell K, Marcotte H, Lundquist A, Schön K, Lycke N, Suerbaum S, Schulz C, Malfertheiner P, Hansen LM, Solnick JV, Moskalenko R, Hammarström L, Borén T. Vaccination with Helicobacter pylori attachment proteins protects against gastric cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.25.542131. [PMID: 37461695 PMCID: PMC10349987 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.542131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Most cases of gastric cancer are caused by chronic Helicobacter pylori infection, but the lack of early onco-diagnostics and a high risk for antibiotic resistance hampers early intervention through eradication of H. pylori infection by antibiotics. We reported on a protective mechanism where H. pylori gastric mucosal attachment can be reduced by natural antibodies that block the binding of its attachment protein BabA. Here we show that challenge infection with H. pylori induced response of such blocking antibodies in both human volunteers and in rhesus macaques, that mucosal vaccination with BabA protein antigen induced blocking antibodies in rhesus macaques, and that vaccination in a mouse model induced blocking antibodies that reduced gastric mucosal inflammation, preserved the gastric juice acidity, and fully protected the mice from gastric cancer caused by H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanna A. Bugaytsova
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
- SUMEYA, The Ukrainian-Swedish Research Center, Sumy State University, 40022 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Artem Piddubnyi
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
- SUMEYA, The Ukrainian-Swedish Research Center, Sumy State University, 40022 Sumy, Ukraine
- Department of Pathology, Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Tkachenko
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Public Health, Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Lena Rakhimova
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Present address: Department of Odontology, Umea University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Olofsson Edlund
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
- The Biochemical Imaging Center Umeå (BICU), Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kaisa Thorell
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Harold Marcotte
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE14183, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anders Lundquist
- Department of Statistics, USBE, Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karin Schön
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nils Lycke
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Deceased, December 2022
| | - Sebastian Suerbaum
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover-Braunschweig Site, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lori M. Hansen
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jay V. Solnick
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Roman Moskalenko
- SUMEYA, The Ukrainian-Swedish Research Center, Sumy State University, 40022 Sumy, Ukraine
- Department of Pathology, Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE14183, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Thomas Borén
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE90187 Umeå, Sweden
- SUMEYA, The Ukrainian-Swedish Research Center, Sumy State University, 40022 Sumy, Ukraine
- Lead contact
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Flavodoxins as Novel Therapeutic Targets against Helicobacter pylori and Other Gastric Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051881. [PMID: 32164177 PMCID: PMC7084853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavodoxins are small soluble electron transfer proteins widely present in bacteria and absent in vertebrates. Flavodoxins participate in different metabolic pathways and, in some bacteria, they have been shown to be essential proteins representing promising therapeutic targets to fight bacterial infections. Using purified flavodoxin and chemical libraries, leads can be identified that block flavodoxin function and act as bactericidal molecules, as it has been demonstrated for Helicobacter pylori (Hp), the most prevalent human gastric pathogen. Increasing antimicrobial resistance by this bacterium has led current therapies to lose effectiveness, so alternative treatments are urgently required. Here, we summarize, with a focus on flavodoxin, opportunities for pharmacological intervention offered by the potential protein targets described for this bacterium and provide information on other gastrointestinal pathogens and also on bacteria from the gut microbiota that contain flavodoxin. The process of discovery and development of novel antimicrobials specific for Hp flavodoxin that is being carried out in our group is explained, as it can be extrapolated to the discovery of inhibitors specific for other gastric pathogens. The high specificity for Hp of the antimicrobials developed may be of help to reduce damage to the gut microbiota and to slow down the development of resistant Hp mutants.
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Stenström B, Windsor HM, Fulurija A, Benghezal M, Kumarasinghe MP, Kimura K, Tay CY, Viiala CH, Ee HC, Lu W, Schoep TD, Webberley KM, Marshall BJ. Helicobacter pylori overcomes natural immunity in repeated infections. Clin Case Rep 2016; 4:1026-1033. [PMID: 27830066 PMCID: PMC5093156 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated experimental reinfection of two subjects indicates that Helicobacter pylori infection does not promote an immune response protective against future reinfection. Our results highlight the importance of preventing reinfection after eradication, through public health initiatives, and possibly treatment of family members. They indicate difficulties for vaccine development, especially therapeutic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Stenström
- Department of Gastroenterology Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Helen M Windsor
- The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Alma Fulurija
- The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia; Ondek Pty Ltd QEII Medical Centre Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Mohammed Benghezal
- The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia; Ondek Pty Ltd QEII Medical Centre Perth Western Australia Australia; Swiss Vitamin Institute Épalinges Switzerland
| | - M Priyanthi Kumarasinghe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology PathWest, QEII Medical Centre Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Kazufumi Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia; The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia; Venasis Kanamachi Medical Clinic Tokyo-to Japan
| | - Chin Yen Tay
- The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Charlie H Viiala
- Department of Gastroenterology Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Hooi C Ee
- Department of Gastroenterology Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Wei Lu
- The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia; Ondek Pty Ltd QEII Medical Centre Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Tobias D Schoep
- Ondek Pty Ltd QEII Medical Centre Perth Western Australia Australia; Telethon Kids Institute Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - K Mary Webberley
- The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Barry J Marshall
- The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia; UM Marshall Centre University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Sokic-Milutinovic A, Alempijevic T, Milosavljevic T. Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinogenesis: Current knowledge and future directions. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11654-11672. [PMID: 26556993 PMCID: PMC4631967 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) plays a role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. The outcome of the infection depends on environmental factors and bacterial and host characteristics. Gastric carcinogenesis is a multistep process that is reversible in the early phase of mucosal damage, but the exact point of no return has not been identified. Therefore, two main therapeutic strategies could reduce gastric cancer incidence: (1) eradication of the already present infection; and (2) immunization (prior to or during the course of the infection). The success of a gastric cancer prevention strategy depends on timing because the prevention strategy must be introduced before the point of no return in gastric carcinogenesis. Although the exact point of no return has not been identified, infection should be eradicated before severe atrophy of the gastric mucosa develops. Eradication therapy rates remain suboptimal due to increasing H. pylori resistance to antibiotics and patient noncompliance. Vaccination against H. pylori would reduce the cost of eradication therapies and lower gastric cancer incidence. A vaccine against H. pylori is still a research challenge. An effective vaccine should have an adequate route of delivery, appropriate bacterial antigens and effective and safe adjuvants. Future research should focus on the development of rescue eradication therapy protocols until an efficacious vaccine against the bacterium becomes available.
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Helicobacter pylori and T Helper Cells: Mechanisms of Immune Escape and Tolerance. J Immunol Res 2015. [PMID: 26525279 DOI: 10.1155/7015/981328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori colonizes the gastric mucosa of at least half of the human population, causing a worldwide infection that appears in early childhood and if not treated, it can persist for life. The presence of symptoms and their severity depend on bacterial components, host susceptibility, and environmental factors, which allow H. pylori to switch between commensalism and pathogenicity. H. pylori-driven interactions with the host immune system underlie the persistence of the infection in humans, since the bacterium is able to interfere with the activity of innate and adaptive immune cells, reducing the inflammatory response in its favour. Gastritis due to H. pylori results from a complex interaction between several T cell subsets. In particular, H. pylori is known to induce a T helper (Th)1/Th17 cell response-driven gastritis, whose impaired modulation caused by the bacterium is thought to sustain the ongoing inflammatory condition and the unsuccessful clearing of the infection. In this review we discuss the current findings underlying the mechanisms implemented by H. pylori to alter the T helper lymphocyte proliferation, thus facilitating the development of chronic infections and allowing the survival of the bacterium in the human host.
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Helicobacter pylori and T Helper Cells: Mechanisms of Immune Escape and Tolerance. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:981328. [PMID: 26525279 PMCID: PMC4615206 DOI: 10.1155/2015/981328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori colonizes the gastric mucosa of at least half of the human population, causing a worldwide infection that appears in early childhood and if not treated, it can persist for life. The presence of symptoms and their severity depend on bacterial components, host susceptibility, and environmental factors, which allow H. pylori to switch between commensalism and pathogenicity. H. pylori-driven interactions with the host immune system underlie the persistence of the infection in humans, since the bacterium is able to interfere with the activity of innate and adaptive immune cells, reducing the inflammatory response in its favour. Gastritis due to H. pylori results from a complex interaction between several T cell subsets. In particular, H. pylori is known to induce a T helper (Th)1/Th17 cell response-driven gastritis, whose impaired modulation caused by the bacterium is thought to sustain the ongoing inflammatory condition and the unsuccessful clearing of the infection. In this review we discuss the current findings underlying the mechanisms implemented by H. pylori to alter the T helper lymphocyte proliferation, thus facilitating the development of chronic infections and allowing the survival of the bacterium in the human host.
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Fahey JW, Stephenson KK, Wallace AJ. Dietary amelioration of Helicobacter infection. Nutr Res 2015; 35:461-73. [PMID: 25799054 PMCID: PMC4465045 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We review herein the basis for using dietary components to treat and/or prevent Helicobacter pylori infection, with emphasis on (a) work reported in the last decade, (b) dietary components for which there is mechanism-based plausibility, and (c) components for which clinical results on H pylori amelioration are available. There is evidence that a diet-based treatment may reduce the levels and/or the virulence of H pylori colonization without completely eradicating the organism in treated individuals. This concept was endorsed a decade ago by the participants in a small international consensus conference held in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, and interest in such a diet-based approach has increased dramatically since then. This approach is attractive in terms of cost, treatment, tolerability, and cultural acceptability. This review, therefore, highlights specific foods, food components, and food products, grouped as follows: bee products (eg, honey and propolis); probiotics; dairy products; vegetables; fruits; oils; essential oils; and herbs, spices, and other plants. A discussion of the small number of clinical studies that are available is supplemented by supportive in vitro and animal studies. This very large body of in vitro and preclinical evidence must now be followed up with rationally designed, unambiguous human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed W Fahey
- Lewis B. and Dorothy Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Katherine K Stephenson
- Lewis B. and Dorothy Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alison J Wallace
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Lincoln, New Zealand
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Yang J, Dai LX, Pan X, Wang H, Li B, Zhu J, Li MY, Shi XL, Wang BN. Protection against Helicobacter pylori infection in BALB/c mice by oral administration of multi-epitope vaccine of CTB-UreI-UreB. Pathog Dis 2015; 73:ftv026. [PMID: 25846576 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic gastric infection by the Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is strongly associated with gastritis, gastric ulcer and the development of distal gastric carcinoma and gastric mucosal lymphoma in humans. Antibiotic treatment of H. pylori is becoming less effective because of increasing antibiotic resistance; other treatment approaches such as specifically targeted methods, etc. to destroy this organism would be beneficial. An epitope vaccine is a promising option for protection against H. pylori infection. In this study, a multi-epitope vaccine was constructed by linking cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), two antigenic fragments of H. pylori urease I subunit (UreI20-29, UreI98-107) and four antigenic fragments of H. pylori urease B subunit (UreB12-23, UreB229-251, UreB327-400, UreB515-561), resulting in the recombinant CTB-UreI-UreB (BIB). Its protective effect against H. pylori infection was evaluated in BALB/c mice. Significant protection against H. pylori challenge was achieved in BALB/c mice immunized with BIB (15/18, 83.3%), rIB plus rCTB (6/18, 33.3%) and rIB (2/18, 11.1%) separately, while no protective effect was found in the mice immunized with either adjuvant rCTB alone or PBS. The induction of significant protection against H. pylori is possibly mediated by specific serum IgA and mucosal sIgA antibodies, and a mixed Th1/Th2/Th17 cells response. This multi-epitope vaccine might be a promising vaccine candidate that helps to control H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co. Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lv-xia Dai
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Experiment Teaching Center of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu College of Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Pan
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co. Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongren Wang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co. Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-yuan Li
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Li Shi
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-ning Wang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
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