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Fadhil RS, Wei MQ, Nikolarakos D, Good D, Nair RG. Salivary microRNA miR-let-7a-5p and miR-3928 could be used as potential diagnostic bio-markers for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0221779. [PMID: 32208417 PMCID: PMC7092992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of non-protein-coding RNAs that have significant biological and pathological functions. The importance of miRNAs as potential cancer diagnostic biomarkers is gaining attention due to their influence in the regulation of cellular processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to identify significant miRNAs from saliva as potential diagnostic biomarkers in the early diagnosis and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Five differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-7703, miR- let-7a-5p, miR- 345-5p, miR- 3928 and miR- 1470) were selected from Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) miRNA data generated from our previous study using saliva of 12 HNSCC patients and 12 healthy controls. Their differential expressed miRNAs were subsequently validated by RT-qPCR using saliva samples from healthy controls (n = 80) and HNSCC patients (n = 150). Total RNA was isolated from 150 saliva samples of HNSCC patients and was transcripted into cDNA by TaqMan MicroRNA Reverse Transcription Kit. Using quantitative RT-PCR analysis, salivary miRNAs were identified in HNSCC patients (n = 150) and healthy controlled cases (n = 80). T-tests were used to compare the differences among the various clinical variants. RESULTS On average 160 ng/μl was isolated from 500 μl of saliva. Overall, a good correlation observed between the HNSCC and some of miRNAs expression levels. Salivary miR-let-7a-5p (P<0.0001) and miR-3928 (P< 0.01) were significantly down regulated in saliva of HNSCC patients relative to age and sex-matched healthy controls. A number of salivary miRNAs (miR-let-7a-5p and miR-3928) were correlated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.003, p = 0.049) and tumour size (p = 0.01, p = 0.02), respectively. However, our preliminary analysis showed no significant differences in salivary miR-1470, miR-345-5p or miR-7703 expression between patients and healthy controls. Most notably, our analysis showed that salivary miR-let-7a-5p and miR-3928 expression levels have significant sensitivity and specificity to distinguish between patients with HNSCC and healthy controls. CONCLUSION This study concluded that salivary miR-let-7a-5p and miR-3928 has the potential to be novel non-invasive biomarkers for early detection and prognosis of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushdi S. Fadhil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ming Q. Wei
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dimitrios Nikolarakos
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queensland Health, Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Good
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Raj G. Nair
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Oral Oncology, Haematology and Oncology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Mechanisms underlying FLASH radiotherapy, a novel way to enlarge the differential responses to ionizing radiation between normal and tumor tissues. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Majidinia M, Mir SM, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Asghari R, Kafil HS, Safa A, Mahmoodpoor A, Yousefi B. MicroRNAs, DNA damage response and ageing. Biogerontology 2020; 21:275-291. [PMID: 32067137 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a multifactorial and integrated gradual deterioration affecting the most of biological process of cells. MiRNAs are differentially expressed in the cellular senescence and play important role in regulating of genes expression involved in features of ageing. The perception of miRNAs functions in ageing regulation can be useful in clarifying the mechanisms underlying ageing and designing of therapeutic strategies. The preservation of genomic integrity through DNA damage response (DDR) is related to the process of cellular senescence. The recent studies have shown that miRNAs has directly regulated the expression of numerous proteins in DDR pathways. In this review study, DDR pathways, miRNA biogenesis and functions, current finding on DDR regulations, molecular biology of ageing and the role of miRNAs in these processes have been studied. Finally, a brief explanation about the therapeutic function of miRNAs in ageing regarding its regulation of DDR has been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Mir
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Roghaieh Asghari
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Stem Cell Center Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Safa
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam. .,Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Center Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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4
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Xia E, Kanematsu S, Suenaga Y, Elzawahry A, Kondo H, Otsuka N, Moriya Y, Iizasa T, Kato M, Yoshino I, Yokoi S. MicroRNA induction by copy number gain is associated with poor outcome in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15363. [PMID: 30337605 PMCID: PMC6194131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number gains in cancer genomes have been shown to induce oncogene expression and promote carcinogenesis; however, their role in regulating oncogenic microRNAs (onco-miRNAs) remains largely unknown. Our aim was to identify onco-miRNAs induced by copy number gains in human squamous cell carcinoma (Sq) of the lung. We performed a genome-wide screen of onco-miRNAs from 245 Sqs using data sets from RNA-sequencing, comparative genomic hybridization, and the corresponding clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Among 1001 miRNAs expressed in the samples, 231 were correlated with copy number alternations, with only 11 of these being highly expressed in Sq compared to adenocarcinoma and normal tissues. Notably, miR-296-5p, miR-324-3p, and miR-3928-3p expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that miRNA expression and smoking were independent prognostic factors and were associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, the three onco-miRNAs inhibited FAM46C to induce MYC expression, promoting proliferation of Sq cells. We found that copy number gains in Sq of the lung induce onco-miRNA expression that is associated with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endi Xia
- Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan.,Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sotaro Kanematsu
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suenaga
- Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Asmaa Elzawahry
- Department of Bioinformatics, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kondo
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noriko Otsuka
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Moriya
- Division of Thoracic Diseases, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Iizasa
- Division of Thoracic Diseases, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mamoru Kato
- Department of Bioinformatics, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yoshino
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sana Yokoi
- Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan. .,Division of Genetic Diagnostics, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
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5
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Chen X, Li WF, Wu X, Zhang HC, Chen L, Zhang PY, Liu LY, Ma D, Chen T, Zhou L, Xu Y, Zhou MT, Tang KF. Dicer regulates non-homologous end joining and is associated with chemosensitivity in colon cancer patients. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:873-882. [PMID: 28911000 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is an important mechanism underlying chemotherapy resistance in human cancers. Dicer participates in DSB repair by facilitating homologous recombination. However, whether Dicer is involved in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) remains unknown. Here, we addressed whether Dicer regulates NHEJ and chemosensitivity in colon cancer cells. Using our recently developed NHEJ assay, we found that DSB introduction by I-SceI cleavage leads to Dicer upregulation. Dicer knockdown increased SIRT7 binding and decreased the level of H3K18Ac (acetylated lysine 18 of histone H3) at DSB sites, thereby repressing the recruitment of NHEJ factors to DSB sites and inhibiting NHEJ. Dicer overexpression reduced SIRT7 binding and increased the level of H3K18Ac at DSB sites, promoting the recruitment of NHEJ factors to DSBs and moderately enhancing NHEJ. Dicer knockdown and overexpression increased and decreased, respectively, the chemosensitivity of colon cancer cells. Dicer protein expression in colon cancer tissues of patients was directly correlated with chemoresistance. Our findings revealed a function of Dicer in NHEJ-mediated DSB repair and the association of Dicer expression with chemoresistance in colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine.,Digestive Cancer Center.,Department of Gastroenterology
| | | | | | - Heng-Chao Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine.,Digestive Cancer Center.,Department of Gastroenterology
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine.,Digestive Cancer Center.,Department of Gastroenterology
| | - Pei-Ying Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine.,Digestive Cancer Center.,Department of Gastroenterology
| | - Li-Yuan Liu
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Di Ma
- Institute of Translational Medicine.,Digestive Cancer Center.,Department of Gastroenterology
| | - Tongke Chen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Lingli Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | | | - Meng-Tao Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Fu Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine.,Digestive Cancer Center.,Department of Gastroenterology
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6
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Ni J, Bucci J, Chang L, Malouf D, Graham P, Li Y. Targeting MicroRNAs in Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy. Theranostics 2017; 7:3243-3259. [PMID: 28900507 PMCID: PMC5595129 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatment options for localized early-stage or advanced-stage prostate cancer (CaP). Radioresistance (relapse after radiotherapy) is a major challenge for the current radiotherapy. There is great interest in investigating mechanisms of radioresistance and developing novel treatment strategies to overcome radioresistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, participating in numerous physiological and pathological processes including cancer invasion, progression, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Emerging evidence indicates that miRNAs play a critical role in the modulation of key cellular pathways that mediate response to radiation, influencing the radiosensitivity of the cancer cells through interplaying with other biological processes such as cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells. Here, we summarize several important miRNAs in CaP radiation response and then discuss the regulation of the major signalling pathways and biological processes by miRNAs in CaP radiotherapy. Finally, we emphasize on microRNAs as potential predictive biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets to improve CaP radiosensitivity.
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Zhang PY, Li G, Deng ZJ, Liu LY, Chen L, Tang JZ, Wang YQ, Cao ST, Fang YX, Wen F, Xu Y, Chen X, Shi KQ, Li WF, Xie C, Tang KF. Dicer interacts with SIRT7 and regulates H3K18 deacetylation in response to DNA damaging agents. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:3629-42. [PMID: 26704979 PMCID: PMC4856966 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dicer participates in heterochromatin formation in fission yeast and plants. However, whether it has a similar role in mammals remains controversial. Here we showed that the human Dicer protein interacts with SIRT7, an NAD+-dependent H3K18Ac (acetylated lysine 18 of histone H3) deacetylase, and holds a proportion of SIRT7 in the cytoplasm. Dicer knockdown led to an increase of chromatin-associated SIRT7 and simultaneously a decrease of cytoplasmic SIRT7, while its overexpression induced SIRT7 reduction in the chromatin-associated fraction and increment in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, DNA damaging agents promoted Dicer expression, leading to decreased level of chromatin-associated SIRT7 and increased level of H3K18Ac, which can be alleviated by Dicer knockdown. Taken together with that H3K18Ac was exclusively associated with the chromatin, our findings suggest that Dicer induction by DNA damaging treatments prevents H3K18Ac deacetylation, probably by trapping more SIRT7 in the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China Cancer Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Guiling Li
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhu-Jun Deng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China Cancer Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Li-Yuan Liu
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China Cancer Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Zhou Tang
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qun Wang
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Su-Ting Cao
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xiao Fang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China Cancer Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Fuping Wen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China Department of Dermato-Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Qing Shi
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Feng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Congying Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Fu Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China Cancer Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Xu S, Ding N, Pei H, Hu W, Wei W, Zhang X, Zhou G, Wang J. MiR-21 is involved in radiation-induced bystander effects. RNA Biol 2015; 11:1161-70. [PMID: 25483031 DOI: 10.4161/rna.34380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced bystander effects are well-established phenomena, in which DNA damage responses are induced not only in the directly irradiated cells but also in the non-irradiated bystander cells through intercellular signal transmission. Recent studies hint that bystander effects are possibly mediated via small non-coding RNAs, especially microRNAs. Thus, more details about the roles of microRNA in bystander effects are urgently needed to be elucidated. Here we demonstrated that bystander effects were induced in human fetal lung MRC-5 fibroblasts through medium-mediated way by different types of radiation. We identified a set of differentially expressed microRNAs in the cell culture medium after irradiation, among which the up-regulation of miR-21 was further verified with qRT-PCR. In addition, we found significant upregulation of miR-21 in both directly irradiated cells and bystander cells, which was confirmed by the expression of miR-21 precursor and its target genes. Transfection of miR-21 mimics into non-irradiated MRC-5 cells caused bystander-like effects. Taken together, our data reveals that miR-21 is involved in radiation-induced bystander effects. Elucidation of such a miRNA-mediated bystander effect is of utmost importance in understanding the biological processes related to ionizing radiation and cell-to-cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xu
- a Department of Space Radiobiology; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine; Institute of Modern Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Lanzhou , P.R. China
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Li Y, Han W, Ni TT, Lu L, Huang M, Zhang Y, Cao H, Zhang HQ, Luo W, Li H. Knockdown of microRNA-1323 restores sensitivity to radiation by suppression of PRKDC activity in radiation-resistant lung cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2821-8. [PMID: 25823795 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to radiation is a major problem in cancer treatment. The mechanisms of radioresistance remain poorly understood; however, mounting evidence supports a role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in the modulation of key cellular pathways mediating the response to radiation. The present study aimed to identify specific miRNAs and their effect on radioresistant cells. The global miRNA profile of an established radioresistant lung cancer cell line and the corresponding control cells was determined. Differential expression of the miRNAs was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The binding effect of identical novel miRNAs and target mRNAs was determined by luciferase assay. Lung cancer cells were transfected with miRNA-specific mimics or inhibitors. The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) protein level was tested by western blot analysis. Radiosensitivity of cancer cells was determined using colony formation assay. Among the differentially expressed miRNAs, 25 miRNAs were overexpressed while 18 were suppressed in the radioresistant cells, both basally and in response to radiation compared to their control. An miRNA signature miR-1323 exhibited a >5-fold increase in the radioresistant cells. miR-1323 was demonstrated to bind to PRKDC 3'UTR, which is involved in DNA repair. Ectopic expression of miR-1323 significantly increased the survival fraction of irradiated cancer cells. Inhibition of miR-1323 reversed the radioresistance of cancer cells and subsequently suppressed the expression of miR-1323-regulated DNA-PKcs protein. The present study indicated that miRNAs are involved in the radioresistance of human lung cancer cells. A possible mechanism for resistance to radiation was via enhanced DNA repair. The present study demonstrated a role for miR-1323 in modulating radioresistance and highlights the need for further study investigating the potential role of miR-1323 as both a predictive marker of response and a novel therapeutic agent with which to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Ni
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Liang Lu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Han-Qun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
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Wu X, Ding N, Hu W, He J, Xu S, Pei H, Hua J, Zhou G, Wang J. Down-regulation of BTG1 by miR-454-3p enhances cellular radiosensitivity in renal carcinoma cells. Radiat Oncol 2014; 9:179. [PMID: 25115181 PMCID: PMC4252025 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-9-179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND B cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) has long been recognized as a tumor suppressor gene. Recent reports demonstrated that BTG1 plays an important role in progression of cell cycle and is involved in cellular response to stressors. However, the microRNAs mediated regulatory mechanism of BTG1 expression has not been reported so far. MicroRNAs can effectively influence tumor radiosensitivity by preventing cell cycle progression, resulting in enhancement of the cytotoxicity of radiotherapy efficacy. This study aimed to demonstrating the effects of microRNAs on the BTG1 expression and cellular radiosensitivity. METHODS The human renal carcinoma 786-O cells were treated with 5 Gy of X-rays. Expressions of BTG1 gene and miR-454-3p, which was predicted to target BTG1 by software algorithm, were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Protein expressions were assessed by Western blot. Luciferase assays were used to quantify the interaction between BTG1 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) and miR-454-3p. The radiosensitivity was quantified by the assay of cell viability, colony formation and caspase-3 activity. RESULTS The expression of the BTG1 gene in 786-O cells was significantly elevated after treatments with X-ray irradiation, DMSO, or serum starvation. The up-regulation of BTG1 after irradiation reduced cellular radiosensitivity as demonstrated by the enhanced cell viability and colony formation, as well as the repressed caspase-3 activity. In comparison, knock down of BTG1 by siRNA led to significantly enhanced cellular radiosensitivity. It was found that miR-454-3p can regulate the expression of BTG1 through a direct interaction with the 3'-UTR of BTG1 mRNA. Decreasing of its expression level correlates well with BTG1 up-regulation during X-ray irradiation. Particularly, we observed that over-expression of miR-454-3p by transfection inhibited the BTG1 expression and enhanced the radiosensitivity. In addition, cell cycle analysis showed that over-expression of miR-454-3p shifted the cell cycle arrest from G2/M phase to S phase. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that BTG1 is a direct target of miR-454-3p. Down-regulation of BTG1 by miR-454-3p renders tumor cells sensitive to radiation. These results may shed light on the potential application in tumor radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jufang Wang
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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MicroRNAs in the DNA Damage/Repair Network and Cancer. Int J Genomics 2014; 2014:820248. [PMID: 24616890 PMCID: PMC3926391 DOI: 10.1155/2014/820248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multistep process characterized by various and different genetic lesions which cause the transformation of normal cells into tumor cells. To preserve the genomic integrity, eukaryotic cells need a complex DNA damage/repair response network of signaling pathways, involving many proteins, able to induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, or DNA repair. Chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy are the most commonly used therapeutic approaches to manage cancer and act mainly through the induction of DNA damage. Impairment in the DNA repair proteins, which physiologically protect cells from persistent DNA injury, can affect the efficacy of cancer therapies. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested that microRNAs take actively part in the regulation of the DNA damage/repair network. MicroRNAs are endogenous short noncoding molecules able to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Due to their activity, microRNAs play a role in many fundamental physiological and pathological processes. In this review we report and discuss the role of microRNAs in the DNA damage/repair and cancer.
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12
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Chaudhry MA. Radiation-induced microRNA: Discovery, functional analysis, and cancer radiotherapy. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:436-49. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ahmad Chaudhry
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences; University of Vermont; Burlington Vermont 05405
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Muller PAJ, Trinidad AG, Caswell PT, Norman JC, Vousden KH. Mutant p53 regulates Dicer through p63-dependent and -independent mechanisms to promote an invasive phenotype. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:122-32. [PMID: 24220032 PMCID: PMC3879536 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.502138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The control and processing of microRNAs (miRs) is critical in the regulation of all cellular responses. Previous studies have suggested that a reduction in the expression of certain miRs, or an overall decrease in miR processing through the partial depletion of Dicer, can promote enhanced metastatic potential. We show here that Dicer depletion can promote the invasive behavior of cells that is reflected in enhanced recycling and activation of the growth factor receptors Met and EGF receptor. These responses are also seen in response to the expression of tumor-derived mutant p53s, and we show that mutant p53 can down-regulate Dicer expression through both direct inhibition of the TAp63-mediated transcriptional activation of Dicer and a TAp63-independent control of Dicer protein expression. Our results delineate a clear relationship between mutant p53, TAp63, and Dicer that might contribute to the metastatic function of mutant p53 but, interestingly, also reveal TAp63-independent functions of mutant p53 in controlling Dicer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. J. Muller
- From the Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, United Kingdom and
| | - Antonio G. Trinidad
- From the Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, United Kingdom and
| | - Patrick T. Caswell
- the Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Jim C. Norman
- From the Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, United Kingdom and
| | - Karen H. Vousden
- From the Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, United Kingdom and
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Repression of ATR pathway by miR-185 enhances radiation-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e699. [PMID: 23807228 PMCID: PMC3702279 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cellular responses to DNA damage induced by intrinsic and extrinsic genotoxic stresses are highly regulated by complex signaling pathways, such as activation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase-like protein kinase family and their downstream genes. Disruption of these signaling pathways leads to genome instability and cell death, and thus may provide potential novel strategies for cancer therapy. Here, we find that the expression of a human microRNA (miRNA), hsa-miR-185, is downregulated in response to ionizing radiation. Elevation of miR-185 sensitizes renal cell carcinoma cells to X-rays both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis shows that the ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase, a master conductor of cellular responses to DNA damage and DNA replication stresses, is a target of miR-185. This prediction was validated by luciferase reporter and mutation assays. We also demonstrated that miR-185 negatively regulates ATR expression at post-transcriptional level. miR-185 enhances radiation-induced apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation by repressing ATR pathway. In conclusion, our findings indicate a previously unreported regulatory mechanism for ATR expression mediated by miR-185 and shed light on the potential application of miRNAs both as direct cancer therapeutics and as tools to sensitize tumor cells to radiotherapy.
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