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Poos AM, Kordaß T, Kolte A, Ast V, Oswald M, Rippe K, König R. Modelling TERT regulation across 19 different cancer types based on the MIPRIP 2.0 gene regulatory network approach. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:737. [PMID: 31888467 PMCID: PMC6937852 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-3323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reactivation of the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene TERT is a central feature for unlimited proliferation of the majority of cancers. However, the underlying regulatory processes are only partly understood. Results We assembled regulator binding information from serveral sources to construct a generic human and mouse gene regulatory network. Advancing our “Mixed Integer linear Programming based Regulatory Interaction Predictor” (MIPRIP) approach, we identified the most common and cancer-type specific regulators of TERT across 19 different human cancers. The results were validated by using the well-known TERT regulation by the ETS1 transcription factor in a subset of melanomas with mutations in the TERT promoter. Our improved MIPRIP2 R-package and the associated generic regulatory networks are freely available at https://github.com/KoenigLabNM/MIPRIP. Conclusion MIPRIP 2.0 identified common as well as tumor type specific regulators of TERT. The software can be easily applied to transcriptome datasets to predict gene regulation for any gene and disease/condition under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Poos
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Division of Chromatin Networks, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Bioquant, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theresa Kordaß
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Research Group GMP & T Cell Therapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amol Kolte
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Ast
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Marcus Oswald
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Karsten Rippe
- Division of Chromatin Networks, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Bioquant, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer König
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
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Patrick M, Weng NP. Expression and regulation of telomerase in human T cell differentiation, activation, aging and diseases. Cell Immunol 2019; 345:103989. [PMID: 31558266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.103989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are essential for chromosomal integrity. Telomere shortening during cell division restricts cellular proliferative capacity and leads to cellular senescence when critically shortened telomere lengths are reached. Similar to hematopoietic stem cells, T cells can upregulate telomerase activity to compensate for telomere loss incurred during proliferation in response to engagement of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) or exposure to homeostatic cytokines. However, this compensation for telomere loss by telomerase in T cells is imperfect or limited, as shortening of T cell telomeres is observed in human aging and during in vitro longterm culture. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the expression and regulation of telomerase in human T cells and changes of telomerase expression during development, activation, differentiation, aging and disease conditions. In conclusion, we discuss how controlled enhancement of telomerase activity could be a potential strategy to improve T cell function in the elderly and in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Patrick
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Nan-Ping Weng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Jayasooriya RGPT, Molagoda IMN, Park C, Jeong JW, Choi YH, Moon DO, Kim MO, Kim GY. Molecular chemotherapeutic potential of butein: A concise review. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 112:1-10. [PMID: 29258953 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Butein is a biologically active flavonoid isolated from the bark of Rhus verniciflua Stokes, which is known to have therapeutic potential against various cancers. Notably, butein inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. Butein-induced G2/M phase arrest is associated with increased phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and Chk1/2, and consequently, with reduced cdc25C levels. In addition, butein-induced apoptosis is mediated through the activation of caspase-3, which is associated with changes in the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins. Intriguingly, butein sensitizes cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis via ERK-mediated Sp1 activation, which promotes the transcription of specific death receptor 5. Butein also inhibits the migration and invasion of human cancer cells by suppressing nuclear factor-κB- and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2-mediated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor. Additionally, butein downregulates the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase and causes a concomitant decrease in telomerase activity. These findings provide the basis for the pharmaceutical development of butein. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of butein, with a special focus on its effects on different cellular signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajapaksha Gedara Prasad Tharanga Jayasooriya
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Applied Science, University of Rajarata, Mihintale 50300, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan 67340, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Oh Moon
- Department of Biology Education, Daegu University, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeonsangbuk-do 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Ock Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Wu XQ, Huang C, He X, Tian YY, Zhou DX, He Y, Liu XH, Li J. Feedback regulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase: new insight into the evolving field of telomerase in cancer. Cell Signal 2013; 25:2462-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Regulation of the human catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT). Gene 2012; 498:135-46. [PMID: 22381618 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been much interest in the regulation of telomerase, the enzyme responsible for maintaining the integrity of chromosomal ends, and its crucial role in cellular immortalization, tumorigenesis, and the progression of cancer. Telomerase activity is characterized by the expression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, suggesting that TERT serves as the major limiting agent for telomerase activity. Recent discoveries have led to characterization of various interactants that aid in the regulation of human TERT (hTERT), including numerous transcription factors; further supporting the pivotal role that transcription plays in both the expression and repression of telomerase. Several studies have suggested that epigenetic modulation of the hTERT core promoter region may provide an additional level of regulation. Although these studies have provided essential information on the regulation of hTERT, there has been ambiguity of the role of methylation within the core promoter region and the subsequent binding of various activating and repressive agents. As a result, we found it necessary to consolidate and summarize these recent developments and elucidate these discrepancies. In this review, we focus on the co-regulation of hTERT via transcriptional regulation, the presence or absence of various activators and repressors, as well as the epigenetic pathways of DNA methylation and histone modifications.
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