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Kachlany SC, Vega BA. Therapeutic Applications of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Leukotoxin. Pathogens 2024; 13:354. [PMID: 38787206 PMCID: PMC11123898 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative oral bacterium that has been primarily studied for its role in causing periodontal disease. The bacterium has also been implicated in several systemic diseases such as endocarditis and soft tissue abscesses. Leukotoxin (LtxA) is perhaps the best studied protein virulence factor from A. actinomycetemcomitans. The protein can rapidly destroy white blood cells (WBCs), helping the bacterium to subvert the host immune system. The functional receptor for LtxA is lymphocyte function associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), which is expressed exclusively on the surfaces of WBCs. Bacterial expression and secretion of the protein are highly regulated and controlled by a number of genetic and environmental factors. The mechanism of LtxA action on WBCs varies depending on the type of cell that is being killed, and the protein has been shown to activate numerous cell death pathways in susceptible cells. In addition to serving as an important virulence factor for the bacterium, because of its exquisite specificity and rapid activity, LtxA is also being investigated as a therapeutic agent that may be used to treat diseases such as hematological malignancies and autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. It is our hope that this review will inspire an increased intensity of research related to LtxA and its effect on Aggressive Periodontitis, the disease that led to its initial discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C. Kachlany
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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2
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Lee S, Sbihi H, MacIsaac JL, Balshaw R, Ambalavanan A, Subbarao P, Mandhane PJ, Moraes TJ, Turvey SE, Duan Q, Brauer M, Brook JR, Kobor MS, Jones MJ. Persistent DNA Methylation Changes across the First Year of Life and Prenatal NO2 Exposure in a Canadian Prospective Birth Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:47004. [PMID: 38573328 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that prenatal air pollution exposure alters DNA methylation (DNAm), which could go on to affect long-term health. It remains unclear whether DNAm alterations present at birth persist through early life. Identifying persistent DNAm changes would provide greater insight into the molecular mechanisms contributing to the association of prenatal air pollution exposure with atopic diseases. OBJECTIVES This study investigated DNAm differences associated with prenatal nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) exposure (a surrogate measure of traffic-related air pollution) at birth and 1 y of age and examined their role in atopic disease. We focused on regions showing persistent DNAm differences from birth to 1 y of age and regions uniquely associated with postnatal NO 2 exposure. METHODS Microarrays measured DNAm at birth and at 1 y of age for an atopy-enriched subset of Canadian Health Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) study participants. Individual and regional DNAm differences associated with prenatal NO 2 (n = 128 ) were identified, and their persistence at age 1 y were investigated using linear mixed effects models (n = 124 ). Postnatal-specific DNAm differences (n = 125 ) were isolated, and their association with NO 2 in the first year of life was examined. Causal mediation investigated whether DNAm differences mediated associations between NO 2 and age 1 y atopy or wheeze. Analyses were repeated using biological sex-stratified data. RESULTS At birth (n = 128 ), 18 regions of DNAm were associated with NO 2 , with several annotated to HOX genes. Some of these regions were specifically identified in males (n = 73 ), but not females (n = 55 ). The effect of prenatal NO 2 across CpGs within altered regions persisted at 1 y of age. No significant mediation effects were identified. Sex-stratified analyses identified postnatal-specific DNAm alterations. DISCUSSION Regional cord blood DNAm differences associated with prenatal NO 2 persisted through at least the first year of life in CHILD participants. Some differences may represent sex-specific alterations, but replication in larger cohorts is needed. The early postnatal period remained a sensitive window to DNAm perturbations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13034.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hind Sbihi
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert Balshaw
- Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Department of Pediatrics & Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Piushkumar J Mandhane
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, USCI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Department of Pediatrics & Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qingling Duan
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeffrey R Brook
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Meaghan J Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Yi MH, Kim M, Yong TS, Kim JY. Investigating the microbiome of house dust mites in South Korea. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1240727. [PMID: 37655177 PMCID: PMC10466795 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1240727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the house dust mites (HDMs) microbiome is crucial due to its potential effects on the development of allergic diseases. In 1998, our laboratory collected Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus from beds in a Korean household and began cultivating these HDMs. Our laboratory has been actively investigating several topics about HDMs in recent years, including the bacterial and fungal microbiome and their interactions, as well as the impact of the HDM microbiome on airway inflammation. To study the D. farinae microbiome, we employed high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rDNA amplicons. The results revealed that the two most abundant bacteria were Enterococcus faecalis and Bartonella spp. In contrast, we found almost no bacteria in D. pteronyssinus. By inoculating bacteria to HDMs, we found that D. farinae is more susceptible to bacteria than D. pteronyssinus. This susceptibility was associated with the presence of certain fungal species in D. pteronyssinus. Additionally, we have recently made efforts to produce HDMs with reduced levels of symbiotic bacteria. We believe that standardizing and controlling the microbiome in HDMs are crucial steps for the future development and improvement of allergic immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Dong H, Hao Y, Li W, Yang W, Gao P. IL-36 Cytokines: Their Roles in Asthma and Potential as a Therapeutic. Front Immunol 2022; 13:921275. [PMID: 35903102 PMCID: PMC9314646 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.921275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-36 cytokines are members of the IL-1 superfamily, which consists of three agonists (IL-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ) and an IL-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra). IL-36 cytokines are crucial for immune and inflammatory responses. Abnormal levels of IL-36 cytokine expression are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation, autoimmunity, allergy and cancer. The present study provides a summary of recent reports on IL-36 cytokines that participate in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, and the potential mechanisms underlying their roles in asthma. Abnormal levels of IL-36 cytokines are associated with the pathogenesis of different types of asthma through the regulation of the functions of different types of cells. Considering the important role of IL-36 cytokines in asthma, these may become a potential therapeutic target for asthma treatment. However, existing evidence is insufficient to fully elucidate the specific mechanism underlying the action of IL-36 cytokines during the pathological process of asthma. The possible mechanisms and functions of IL-36 cytokines in different types of asthma require further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongna Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuqiu Hao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Gao,
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Brown AP, Cai L, Laufer BI, Miller LA, LaSalle JM, Ji H. Long-term effects of wildfire smoke exposure during early life on the nasal epigenome in rhesus macaques. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106993. [PMID: 34991254 PMCID: PMC8852822 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wildfire smoke is responsible for around 20% of all particulate emissions in the U.S. and affects millions of people worldwide. Children are especially vulnerable, as ambient air pollution exposure during early childhood is associated with reduced lung function. Most studies, however, have focused on the short-term impacts of wildfire smoke exposures. We aimed to identify long-term baseline epigenetic changes associated with early-life exposure to wildfire smoke. We collected nasal epithelium samples for whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) from two groups of adult female rhesus macaques: one group born just before the 2008 California wildfire season and exposed to wildfire smoke during early-life (n = 8), and the other group born in 2009 with no wildfire smoke exposure during early-life (n = 14). RNA-sequencing was also performed on a subset of these samples. RESULTS We identified 3370 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) (difference in methylation ≥ 5%, empirical p < 0.05) and 1 differentially expressed gene (FLOT2) (FDR < 0.05, fold of change ≥ 1.2). The DMRs were annotated to genes significantly enriched for synaptogenesis signaling, protein kinase A signaling, and a variety of immune processes, and some DMRs significantly correlated with gene expression differences. DMRs were also significantly enriched within regions of bivalent chromatin (top odds ratio = 1.46, q-value < 3 × 10-6) that often silence key developmental genes while keeping them poised for activation in pluripotent cells. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that early-life exposure to wildfire smoke leads to long-term changes in the methylome over genes impacting the nervous and immune systems. Follow-up studies will be required to test whether these changes influence transcription following an immune/respiratory challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Brown
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Lucy Cai
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Benjamin I Laufer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, MIND Institute, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Lisa A Miller
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Janine M LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, MIND Institute, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Sarwar F, Alam K, Chow CW, Saeed M, Malik RN. Pulmonary Dysfunction Augmenting Bacterial Aerosols in Leather Tanneries of Punjab, Pakistan. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2925-2937. [PMID: 34737557 PMCID: PMC8560504 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s328129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter-associated microbes in the workplace are a burning issue in occupational toxicology. Studies have reported on respiratory infections among tannery cohorts. This study uniquely presents measurements of airborne bacterial concentrations associated with varied particulate-matter sizes, their exposure, and consequent severity in occupational respiratory problems, all for different microenvironments within leather tanneries. METHODS Analyses included molecular identification of isolates, computation of mass median aerodynamic diameter of aerosols, tannery process-exposure dose (TPED) to bacterial aerosols, and spirometry and symptom assessment of impaired pulmonary function. RESULTS The highest bacterial concentrations were for rawhide treatment and finishing units, showing 3.6×103 and 3.7×103 CFU/m3, respectively. Identified bacterial species included Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense, Neisseria bacilliformis, Enterobacter cloacae, Alcaligenes faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Corynebacterium spp. Maximum and minimum values of mass median aerodynamic diameter were 8.3 µm and 0.65 µm for buffing and snuffing and production units, respectively. The highest TPED was 1,516.9 CFU/kg for finishing units. Respiratory symptoms in order of incidence were dyspnea > phlegm > cough > wheezing and tachypnea (equivalent). Bronchodilator measurements of FEV1, FVC, and PEF represent decline in lung function. Of 26 patients identified with COPD, most were working in rawhide treatment. CONCLUSION We conclude that exposure-infection synergy is also a cause of pulmonary ailments and COPD development, rather than the better-known exposure-smoking synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiza Sarwar
- Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khan Alam
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Chung Wai Chow
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Hossain FMA, Park SO, Kim HJ, Eo JC, Choi JY, Tanveer M, Uyangaa E, Kim K, Eo SK. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in Hematopoietic Stem Cell-Derived Cells Suppresses Rhinovirus-Induced Neutrophilic Airway Inflammation by Regulating Th1- and Th17-Type Responses. Immune Netw 2021; 21:e26. [PMID: 34522439 PMCID: PMC8410990 DOI: 10.4110/in.2021.21.e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma exacerbations are a major cause of intractable morbidity, increases in health care costs, and a greater progressive loss of lung function. Asthma exacerbations are most commonly triggered by respiratory viral infections, particularly with human rhinovirus (hRV). Respiratory viral infections are believed to affect the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a limiting enzyme in tryptophan catabolism, which is presumed to alter asthmatic airway inflammation. Here, we explored the detailed role of IDO in the progression of asthma exacerbations using a mouse model for asthma exacerbation caused by hRV infection. Our results reveal that IDO is required to prevent neutrophilic inflammation in the course of asthma exacerbation caused by an hRV infection, as corroborated by markedly enhanced Th17- and Th1-type neutrophilia in the airways of IDO-deficient mice. This neutrophilia was closely associated with disrupted expression of tight junctions and enhanced expression of inflammasome-related molecules and mucin-inducing genes. In addition, IDO ablation enhanced allergen-specific Th17- and Th1-biased CD4+ T-cell responses following hRV infection. The role of IDO in attenuating Th17- and Th1-type neutrophilic airway inflammation became more apparent in chronic asthma exacerbations after repeated allergen exposures and hRV infections. Furthermore, IDO enzymatic induction in leukocytes derived from the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) lineage appeared to play a dominant role in attenuating Th17- and Th1-type neutrophilic inflammation in the airway following hRV infection. Therefore, IDO activity in HSC-derived leukocytes is required to regulate Th17- and Th1-type neutrophilic inflammation in the airway during asthma exacerbations caused by hRV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdaus Mohd Altaf Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.,Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Seong Ok Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Jun Cheol Eo
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Biosource Science, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Maryum Tanveer
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Erdenebelig Uyangaa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
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8
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Kim JY, Yi MH, Lee S, Lee IY, Yong D, Yoon SS, Yong TS. Microbiome and mycobiome interaction in house dust mites and impact on airway cells. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1592-1602. [PMID: 34087033 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major allergen sources Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Tyrophagus putrescentiae have been reported to have distinct microbiomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of each mite on airway epithelial cells as a model of airway allergic disease. METHODS Transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) of an airway epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) was performed to compare gene expression patterns after treatment with extracts of three mite species (D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus and T. putrescentiae). In addition, mycobiome deep sequencing of mites was employed to identify fungal species that interact with the microbiomes of the mites. RESULTS Immune responses to bacteria were enriched only in the D. farinae-treated group as this species harboured larger numbers of bacteria than the other mites, and the high level of LPS in D. farinae caused proinflammatory cytokine production in airway epithelial cells. In addition, antibiotic metabolism pathways were enriched in D. pteronyssinus-treated cells but not in D. farinae -treated cells. Subsequent experiments revealed that D. pteronyssinus had a high fungal load that inhibited bacterial survival in this mite species. CONCLUSION The large amount of bacteria in D. farinae causes airway epithelial cells to produce more allergy-related cytokines than D. pteronyssinus, since fungi present in D. pteronyssinus suppress the abundance of mite-associated bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Yi
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seogwon Lee
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In-Yong Lee
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongeun Yong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Sun Yoon
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tai-Soon Yong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Bergantini L, Cameli P, d'Alessandro M, Vietri L, Perruzza M, Pieroni M, Lanzarone N, Refini RM, Fossi A, Bargagli E. Regulatory T Cells in Severe Persistent Asthma in the Era of Monoclonal Antibodies Target Therapies. Inflammation 2021; 43:393-400. [PMID: 31853715 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is an immunoinflammatory disease characterized by bronchial hyper-reactivity to different external stimuli. New monoclonal target treatments have been developed, but few studies have investigated the role of regulatory T cells in severe asthma and the modulatory effect of biological therapy on regulatory T cell functions. Their dysfunction may contribute to the development and exacerbation of asthma. Here we review the recent literature on the potential immunological role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of severe asthma. The analysis of the role of regulatory T cells was performed in terms of functions and their possible interactions with mechanisms of action of the novel treatment for severe asthma. In an era of biological therapies for severe asthma, little data is available on the potential effects of what could be a new therapy: monoclonal antibody targeting of regulatory T cell numbers and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bergantini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - P Cameli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - M d'Alessandro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - L Vietri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - M Perruzza
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - M Pieroni
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - N Lanzarone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - R M Refini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - A Fossi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - E Bargagli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Section, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
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Yang J, Kim EK, Park HJ, McDowell A, Kim YK. The impact of bacteria-derived ultrafine dust particles on pulmonary diseases. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:338-347. [PMID: 32203101 PMCID: PMC7156658 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between ambient particulate matter exposure and health has been well established. Ultrafine particles (UFP) with a diameter of 100 nm or less are known to increase pulmonary disease risk. Biological factors in dust containing UFP can cause severe inflammatory reactions. Pulmonary diseases develop primarily as a result of chronic inflammation caused by immune dysfunction. Thus, this review focuses on the adverse pulmonary effects of biological UFP, principally lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs), in indoor dust and the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of chronic pulmonary diseases. The impact of LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation is based primarily on the amount of inhaled LPS. When relatively low levels of LPS are inhaled, a cascade of immune responses leads to Th2 cell induction, and IL-5 and IL-13 released by Th2 cells contributes to asthma development. Conversely, exposure to high levels of LPS induces a Th17 cell response, leading to increased production of IL-17, which is associated with asthma, COPD, and lung cancer incidence. Responses to bacterial EV exposure can similarly be broadly divided based on whether one of two mechanisms, either intracellular or extracellular, is activated, which depends on the type of the parent cell. Extracellular bacteria-derived EVs can cause neutrophilic inflammation via Th17 cell induction, which is associated with asthma, emphysema, COPD, and lung cancer. On the other hand, intracellular bacteria-derived EVs lead to mononuclear inflammation via Th1 cell induction, which increases the risk of emphysema. In conclusion, future measures should focus on the overall reduction of LPS sources in addition to the improvement of the balance of inhaled bacterial EVs in the indoor environment to minimize pulmonary disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Yang
- Institute of MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Kim
- Institute of MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ju Park
- Institute of MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yoon-Keun Kim
- Institute of MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Zibaei M, Shayesteh Z, Moradi N, Bahadory S. Human Toxocara Infection: Allergy and Immune Responses. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2020; 18:82-90. [PMID: 31379304 DOI: 10.2174/1871523018666181210115840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxocariasis is a cosmopolitan infection that occurs in various regions worldwide, more frequently in developing countries. Chronic infections with Toxocara species in humans are associated with the production of high levels of specific and non-specific antibodies of all isotypes and IgG subclasses and a cytokine response characterized by the production of Th2 cytokines including IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 by Peripheral Blood Monocytes (PBMCs) and Leukocytes (PBLs) in whole blood cultures. Other Th2 effector responses are also prominent during infection, reflected by elevated numbers of peripheral blood eosinophils and increased expression of eosinophil degranulation products. The production of IFN-γ by PBMCs/PBLs stimulated with Toxocara-secreted proteins is not prominent in toxocariasis but IL-10 production may be increased in infected individuals. The relationship between Toxocara species with allergic reactions was reported in the recent century. Experimental and epidemiological investigations revealed that toxocariasis with this parasite led to the development of allergic symptoms, such as asthma. However, the findings are conflicting since in other investigations no association between these two immunopathologies has been reported. CONCLUSION The present review endeavours to summarize the data on Toxocara species and findings from studies on the relationship of toxocariasis with symptoms and signs of allergy. Furthermore, the mechanisms of immune responses and the factors associated between allergy and Toxocara infection are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zibaei
- Evidence-based Phytotherapy & Complementary Medicine Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Shayesteh
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Paramedicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Najmeh Moradi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Science, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Saeed Bahadory
- Department of Parasitology, Medical School Faculty, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Park SC, Kim H, Bak Y, Shim D, Kwon KW, Kim CH, Yoon JH, Shin SJ. An Alternative Dendritic Cell-Induced Murine Model of Asthma Exhibiting a Robust Th2/Th17-Skewed Response. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020; 12:537-555. [PMID: 32141265 PMCID: PMC7061158 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2020.12.3.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Simple and reliable animal models of human diseases contribute to the understanding of disease pathogenesis as well as the development of therapeutic interventions. Although several murine models to mimic human asthma have been established, most of them require anesthesia, resulting in variability among test individuals, and do not mimic asthmatic responses accompanied by T-helper (Th) 17 and neutrophils. As dendritic cells (DCs) are known to play an important role in initiating and maintaining asthmatic inflammation, we developed an asthma model via adoptive transfer of allergen-loaded DCs. METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA)-loaded bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) (OVA-BMDCs) were injected intravenously 3 times into non-anesthetized C57BL/6 mice after intraperitoneal OVA-sensitization. RESULTS OVA-BMDC-transferred mice developed severe asthmatic immune responses when compared with mice receiving conventional OVA challenge intranasally. Notably, remarkable increases in systemic immunoglobulin (Ig) E and IgG1 responses, Th2/Th17-associated cytokines (interleukin [IL]-5, IL-13 and IL-17), Th2/Th17-skewed T-cell responses, and cellular components, including eosinophils, neutrophils, and goblet cells, were observed in the lungs of OVA-BMDC-transferred mice. Moreover, the asthmatic immune responses and severity of inflammation were correlated with the number of OVA-BMDCs transferred, indicating that the disease severity and asthma type may be adjusted according to the experimental purpose by this method. Furthermore, this model exhibited less variation among the test individuals than the conventional model. In addition, this DCs-based asthma model was partially resistant to steroid treatment. CONCLUSIONS A reliable murine model of asthma by intravenous (i.v.) transfer of OVA-BMDCs was successfully established without anesthesia. This model more accurately reflects heterogeneous human asthma, exhibiting a robust Th2/Th17-skewed response and eosinophilic/neutrophilic infiltration with good reproducibility and low variation among individuals. This model will be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of asthma and would serve as an alternative tool for immunological studies on the function of DCs, T-cell responses and new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongmin Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeeun Bak
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dahee Shim
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Woong Kwon
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sung Jae Shin
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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13
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Kim MN, Hong JY, Shim DH, Sol IS, Kim YS, Lee JH, Kim KW, Lee JM, Sohn MH. Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule Stimulates the T-Cell Response in Allergic Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 197:994-1008. [PMID: 29394080 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201703-0532oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is a cluster of differentiation 6 ligand that is important for stabilizing the immunological synapse and inducing T-cell activation and proliferation. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the role of ALCAM in the development of inflammation in allergic asthma. METHODS An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma model was established in wild-type (WT) and ALCAM-deficient (ALCAM-/-) mice. T-cell proliferation was evaluated in cocultures with dendritic cells (DCs). Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) from WT and ALCAM-/- mice were cultured and adoptively transferred to OT-II mice for either OVA sensitization or challenge. An anti-ALCAM antibody was administered to assess its therapeutic potential. ALCAM concentrations in the sputum and serum of children with asthma were quantified by ELISA. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Inflammatory responses were lower in ALCAM-/- mice than in WT mice, and T cells cocultured with DCs from ALCAM-/- mice showed reduced proliferation relative to those cocultured with DCs from WT mice. A decreased inflammatory response was observed upon adoptive transfer of BMDCs from ALCAM-/- mice as compared with that observed after transfer of BMDCs from WT mice. In addition, anti-ALCAM antibody-treated mice showed a reduced inflammatory response, and sputum and serum ALCAM concentrations were higher in children with asthma than in control subjects. CONCLUSIONS ALCAM contributes to OVA-induced allergic asthma by stimulating T-cell activation and proliferation, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Na Kim
- 1 Department of Pediatrics.,2 Institute of Allergy.,3 Severance Hospital.,4 Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and
| | - Jung Yeon Hong
- 1 Department of Pediatrics.,2 Institute of Allergy.,3 Severance Hospital.,4 Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and
| | - Doo Hee Shim
- 5 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - In Suk Sol
- 1 Department of Pediatrics.,2 Institute of Allergy.,3 Severance Hospital.,4 Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and
| | - Yun Seon Kim
- 1 Department of Pediatrics.,2 Institute of Allergy.,3 Severance Hospital.,4 Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- 6 Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- 1 Department of Pediatrics.,2 Institute of Allergy.,3 Severance Hospital.,4 Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and
| | - Jae Myun Lee
- 4 Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and.,5 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- 1 Department of Pediatrics.,2 Institute of Allergy.,3 Severance Hospital.,4 Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and
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14
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Fernandes P, de Mendonça Oliveira L, Brüggemann TR, Sato MN, Olivo CR, Arantes-Costa FM. Physical Exercise Induces Immunoregulation of TREG, M2, and pDCs in a Lung Allergic Inflammation Model. Front Immunol 2019; 10:854. [PMID: 31156611 PMCID: PMC6532549 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The benefits of moderate aerobic physical exercise for allergic asthma are well-known, particularly that of the anti-inflammatory effect that occurs by reducing Th2 responses and lung remodeling. However, the mechanisms of this immunoregulation are still under investigation. In this study, we investigated the possible immunoregulatory mechanisms of lung inflammation induced by moderate aerobic exercise in an experimental asthma model. BALB/c mice were distributed into Control, Exercise (EX), OVA, and OEX groups. OVA and OEX groups were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) on days 0, 14, 21, 28, and 42 and were challenged with OVA aerosol three times a week from days 21 to 51. The EX and OEX groups underwent moderate aerobic physical exercise from days 21 to 51 (5 d/w, 1 h/d). The mice were euthanized on day 52. We evaluated pulmonary cytokine production, serum immunoglobulin levels, and the inflammatory cell profile in lung and mediastinal lymph nodes. OVA mice showed increased expression of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β and decreased macrophage type 2 (M2) recruitment. Physical exercise did not affect the increased antibody production of IgG2a, IgG1, or IgE induced by OVA. Of note, physical exercise alone markedly increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β. Physical exercise in OVA-mice also increased the recruitment of M2 in the lungs, as well as the influx and activation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes. In the draining lymph nodes, it was also observed that physical exercise increased the activation of CD4 T cells, regardless of the presence of OVA. Notably, physical exercise decreased common dendritic cells' (cDCs; pro-inflammatory) expression of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD80, CD86, and ICOSL in the draining lymph nodes, as well as increased ICOSL in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs; anti-inflammatory). Together, these findings show that physical exercise modulates pulmonary allergic inflammation by increasing Treg and M2 recruitment, as well as pDCs activation, which leads to an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines and a decrease in pro-inflammatory cells and mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Fernandes
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics LIM20, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana de Mendonça Oliveira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thayse Regina Brüggemann
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Notomi Sato
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarice Rosa Olivo
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics LIM20, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,University City of São Paulo (UNICID)/Institute of Medical Assistance to the State Public Servant (IAMSPE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Magalhães Arantes-Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics LIM20, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, Center of Development of Medical Education, CEDEM, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Surachmanto EE, Hatta M, Islam AA, Wahid S. Association between asthma control and Interleukin-17F expression levels in adult patients with atopic asthma. Saudi Med J 2018; 39:662-667. [PMID: 29968887 PMCID: PMC6146248 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2018.7.22055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the correlation between Interleukin 17 (IL-17F) and the level of asthma control. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 40 subjects who were diagnosed with atopic asthma. All participants were recruited from the Allergy and Immunology Clinic, Prof. R.D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia, between April 2015 and April 2016. Total serum IL-17F measured by using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods; and mRNA IL-17F was obtained by using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Level of asthma control was quantified by using asthma control test (ACT) scoring system. The correlation between IL-17F, mRNA, and level of asthma control was analyzed by using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). RESULTS There is a strong positive correlation between IL-17F serum level and Nathan's ACT-score (r=0.969) which is statistically significant (p less than 0.001). Analysis of the correlation between mRNA IL-17F serum level and Nathan's ACT-score revealed a strong positive correlation (r=0.963), which is statistically significant (p less than 0.001). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that IL-17F plays an important role in asthma control. However, the role played by IL-17F in asthma pathogenesis are still questions to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eko E Surachmanto
- Allergy Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia. E-mail.
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16
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Abstract
Asthma is increasingly recognised as a heterogeneous group of diseases with similar clinical presentations rather than a singular disease entity. Asthma was historically categorised by clinical symptoms; however, newer methods of subgrouping, describing and categorising the disease have sub-defined asthma. These sub-definitions are intermittently called phenotypes or endotypes, but the real meanings of these words are poorly understood. Novel treatments are currently and increasingly available, partly in the monoclonal antibody environment, and also some physical therapies (bronchial thermoplasty), but additionally small molecules are not far away from clinical practice. Understanding the disease pathogenesis and the mechanism of action more completely may enable identification of treatable traits, biomarkers, mediators and modifiable therapeutic targets. However, there remains a danger that clinicians become preoccupied with the concept of endotypes and biomarkers, ignoring therapies that are hugely effective but have no companion biomarker. This review discusses our understanding of the concept of phenotypes and endotypes in appreciating and managing the heterogeneous condition that is asthma. We consider the role of functional imaging, physiology, blood-, sputum- and breath-based biomarkers and clinical manifestations that could be used to produce a personalised asthma profile, with implications on prognosis, pathophysiology and most importantly specific therapeutic responses. With the advent of increasing numbers of biological therapies and other interventional options such as bronchial thermoplasty, the importance of targeting expensive therapies to patients with the best chance of clinical response has huge health economic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Dean
- University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Robert Niven
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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17
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Lin TH, Su HH, Kang HY, Chang TH. The Interactive Roles of Lipopolysaccharides and dsRNA/Viruses on Respiratory Epithelial Cells and Dendritic Cells in Allergic Respiratory Disorders: The Hygiene Hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102219. [PMID: 29065558 PMCID: PMC5666898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The original hygiene hypothesis declares "more infections in early childhood protect against later atopy". According to the hygiene hypothesis, the increased incidence of allergic disorders in developed countries is explained by the decrease of infections. Epithelial cells and dendritic cells play key roles in bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems. Among the various pattern-recognition receptor systems of epithelial cells and dendritic cells, including toll-like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) and others, TLRs are the key systems of immune response regulation. In humans, TLRs consist of TLR1 to TLR10. They regulate cellular responses through engagement with TLR ligands, e.g., lipopolysaccharides (LPS) acts through TLR4 and dsRNA acts through TLR3, but there are certain common components between these two TLR pathways. dsRNA activates epithelial cells and dendritic cells in different directions, resulting in allergy-related Th2-skewing tendency in epithelial cells, and Th1-skewing tendency in dendritic cells. The Th2-skewing effect by stimulation of dsRNA on epithelial cells could be suppressed by the presence of LPS above some threshold. When LPS level decreases, the Th2-skewing effect increases. It may be via these interrelated networks and related factors that LPS modifies the allergic responses and provides a plausible mechanism of the hygiene hypothesis. Several hygiene hypothesis-related phenomena, seemingly conflicting, are also discussed in this review, along with their proposed mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsang-Hsiung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Hao Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Yo Kang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
- Hormone Research Center and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan.
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18
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Influence of rosuvastatin treatment on airway inflammatory markers and health related quality of life domains in asthmatic patients. MARMARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.5472/marumj.344816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Shin JH, Kim DH, Kim BY, Kim SW, Hwang SH, Lee J, Kim SW. Anti-Interleukin-9 Antibody Increases the Effect of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy in Murine Allergic Rhinitis. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017; 9:237-246. [PMID: 28293930 PMCID: PMC5352575 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2017.9.3.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Interleukin (IL)-9 induces allergic responses; however, the roles of anti-IL-9 antibody in the induction of tolerance remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of anti-IL-9 antibody on oral tolerance (OT) in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups: the control, AR, OT, and OT with anti-IL-9 antibody (OT+IL9AB) groups. Ovalbumin (OVA) was used for sensitization and challenge. Mice in the OT and OT+IL9AB groups were fed OVA for immunotherapy. During immunotherapy, OT+IL9AB mice were injected with anti-IL-9 antibody. Allergic symptoms, tissue eosinophil counts, and serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) were measured. The mRNA expressions of cytokines and transcription factors of T cells of nasal mucosa were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The protein levels of GATA3, ROR-γt, and Foxp3 in nasal mucosa were determined by Western blot. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells in the spleen were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Administration of anti-IL-9 antibody decreased allergic symptoms, OVA-specific IgE levels, and eosinophil counts. In addition, it inhibited T-helper (Th) 2 responses, but had no effect on Th1 responses. Protein levels of ROR-γt and mRNA levels of PU.1 and ROR-γt were reduced by anti-IL-9 antibody. Anti-IL-9 antibody increased Foxp3 and IL-10 mRNA expression, Foxp3 protein, and induction of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells. Conclusions Anti-IL-9 antibody decreased allergic inflammation through suppression of Th2 and Th17 cells. Anti-IL-9 antibody enhanced the tolerogenic effects of regulatory T cells. These results suggest that anti-IL-9 antibody might represent a potential therapeutic agent for allergen immunotherapy in patients with uncontrolled allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Shin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hyun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boo Young Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Hwan Hwang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joohyung Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Whan Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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20
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Blanquiceth Y, Rodríguez-Perea AL, Tabares Guevara JH, Correa LA, Sánchez MD, Ramírez-Pineda JR, Velilla PA. Increase of Frequency and Modulation of Phenotype of Regulatory T Cells by Atorvastatin Is Associated with Decreased Lung Inflammatory Cell Infiltration in a Murine Model of Acute Allergic Asthma. Front Immunol 2016; 7:620. [PMID: 28066430 PMCID: PMC5174085 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role by controlling allergic inflammation of airways. Recently, it has been shown that statins have immunomodulatory properties, probably mediated by their effects on Tregs. Therefore, we evaluated the in vivo effect of atorvastatin (ATV) on Tregs and its association with the inflammatory process in a model of allergic asthma. BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and then challenged with intranasal OVA. ATV (40 mg/kg) was delivered by daily intraperitoneal injection for 7 or 15 days before each OVA challenge. ATV treatment for 7 days increased the frequency of Tregs in mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) and the interleukin (IL)-10 in lungs. After 15 days of treatment, ATV increased the percentage of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein (GITR+) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1+) Tregs in the lung, without enhancing their suppressive activity, but also increased the percentage of conventional T cells expressing GITR+, PD1+, and OX-40 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4). Although no significant changes were observed in the number of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), OVA-specific immunoglobulin E in the serum, and type 2 helper (Th2) cytokines in the lungs, there was a significant decrease of peribronchial inflammation that negatively correlated with the Tregs in MLN and the concentration of IL-10 in the lung. These results suggest that ATV has an immunomodulatory role possibly mediated by their effects on Tregs, which could contribute to the control of inflammation during allergic asthma. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the contribution of Treg to immunomodulatory action of statins in the context of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurany Blanquiceth
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA , Medellín , Colombia
| | - Ana Lucia Rodríguez-Perea
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA , Medellín , Colombia
| | - Jorge H Tabares Guevara
- Grupo Inmunomodulación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA , Medellín , Colombia
| | - Luis Alfonso Correa
- Sección de Dermatología, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia; Laboratorio de Patología, Laboratorio Clínico VID, Obra de la Congregación Mariana, Medellín, Colombia
| | - María Dulfary Sánchez
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center & Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Health Sciences Center, Louisiana State University , New Orleans, LA , USA
| | | | - Paula Andrea Velilla
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA , Medellín , Colombia
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21
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Hwang YP, Jin SW, Choi JH, Choi CY, Kim HG, Kim SJ, Kim Y, Lee KJ, Chung YC, Jeong HG. Inhibitory effects of l-theanine on airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 99:162-169. [PMID: 27908701 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
l-theanine, a water-soluble amino acid isolated from green tea (Camellia sinensis), has anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidative properties, and hepatoprotective effects. However, the anti-allergic effect of l-theanine and its underlying molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of l-theanine on asthmatic responses, particularly airway inflammation and oxidative stress modulation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine model of asthma. Treatment with l-theanine dramatically attenuated the extensive trafficking of inflammatory cells into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Histological studies revealed that l-theanine significantly inhibited OVA-induced mucus production and inflammatory cell infiltration in the respiratory tract and blood vessels. l-theanine administration also significantly decreased the production of IgE, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma in BALF. The lung weight decreased with l-theanine administration. l-theanine also markedly attenuated the OVA-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and matrix metalloprotease-9 in BALF. Moreover, l-theanine reduced the TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation in A549 cells. Together, these results suggest that l-theanine alleviates airway inflammation in asthma, which likely occurs via the oxidative stress-responsive NF-κB pathway, highlighting its potential as a useful therapeutic agent for asthma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Pil Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, International University of Korea, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Woo Jin
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Choi
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Yung Choi
- Jeollanamdo Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Gyun Kim
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jong Kim
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongan Kim
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jin Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Chung
- Department of Food and Medicine, College of Public Health and Natural Science, International University of Korea, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Gwang Jeong
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Ban GY, Pham DL, Trinh THK, Lee SI, Suh DH, Yang EM, Ye YM, Shin YS, Chwae YJ, Park HS. Autophagy mechanisms in sputum and peripheral blood cells of patients with severe asthma: a new therapeutic target. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:48-59. [PMID: 26112695 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autophagy and genetic predisposition have been suggested to potentially play roles in the development of asthma. However, little is known about the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of severe asthma. OBJECTIVE We compared autophagy in the sputum granulocytes, peripheral blood cells (PBCs) and peripheral blood eosinophils (PBEs) between patients with severe asthma and those with non-severe asthma and investigated the functional effects of autophagy. METHODS We enrolled 36 patients with severe asthma, 14 with non-severe asthma and 23 normal healthy controls in this study. Sputum granulocytes, PBCs and PBEs were isolated from each subject. Autophagy was evaluated based on the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) by Western blot, confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. IL-8 levels were measured by ELISA. To induce autophagy, HL-60 cells, human primary small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and A549 cells were treated with IL-5, IL-1β and TNF-α. To inhibit autophagy, PI3K inhibitors (LY29400 and 3-methyladenine [3-MA]) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) were used. Knockdown of ATG5 and Beclin-1 was performed in A549 cells, and the therapeutic effects of dexamethasone were evaluated. RESULTS Higher autophagy levels were noted in sputum granulocytes, PBCs and PBEs from patients with severe asthma than from patients with non-severe asthma and healthy controls (P < 0.05 for all). IL-5 increased autophagy levels in both PBCs and PBEs (P < 0.05). 3-MA attenuated the increased expression of LC3-II and eosinophil cationic protein in HL-60 cells induced by IL-5 (P = 0.034 for both). Dexamethasone did not affect autophagy levels in PBEs. IL-1β increased LC3-II expression and IL-8 production (P < 0.01) in SAECs, and this was attenuated by LY294002, 3-MA, HCQ and knockdown of ATG5 and Beclin-1 (in A549 cells) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Autophagy could play a role in the pathogenesis of severe asthma. Autophagy modulation may be a novel therapeutic target for conventional therapy-resistant severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-Y Ban
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - D L Pham
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - T H K Trinh
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - S-I Lee
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - D-H Suh
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - E-M Yang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Y-M Ye
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Y S Shin
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Y-J Chwae
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - H-S Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
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23
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Britanin attenuates ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation in a murine asthma model. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1006-12. [PMID: 27342608 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0783-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated the alleviation of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation by Inulae flos. In the present study, the effects of britanin, a sesquiterpene compound isolated from Inulae flos, were evaluated in an in vivo animal model for anti-asthma activity through observation of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), eosinophil recruitment, Th2 cytokine and IgE levels, and lung histopathology. Britanin administration effectively reduced AHR induced by aerosolized methacholine, airway eosinophilia, Th2 cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and the supernatant of cultured splenocytes compared with OVA-induced mice. Histological studies showed that increased inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion were reduced by britanin administration. Thus, britanin may have therapeutic potential for treating allergic asthma.
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24
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Kim YS, Choi JP, Kim MH, Park HK, Yang S, Kim YS, Kim TB, Cho YS, Oh YM, Jee YK, Lee SD, Kim YK. IgG Sensitization to Extracellular Vesicles in Indoor Dust Is Closely Associated With the Prevalence of Non-Eosinophilic Asthma, COPD, and Lung Cancer. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2016; 8:198-205. [PMID: 26922929 PMCID: PMC4773207 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2016.8.3.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent experimental evidence shows that extracellular vesicles (EVs) in indoor dust induce neurtrophilic pulmonary inflammation, which is a characteristic pathology in patients with severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, COPD is known to be an important risk factor for lung cancer, irrespective of cigarette smoking. Here, we evaluated whether sensitization to indoor dust EVs is a risk for the development of asthma, COPD, or lung cancer. METHODS Serum IgG antibodies against dust EVs were measured in 90 healthy control subjects, 294 asthmatics, 242 COPD patients, and 325 lung cancer patients. Serum anti-dust EV IgG titers were considered high if they exceeded a 95 percentile value of the control subjects. Age-, gender-, and cigarette smoke-adjusted multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine odds ratios (ORs) for asthma, COPD, and lung cancer patients vs the control subjects. RESULTS In total, 4.4%, 13.6%, 29.3%, and 54.9% of the control, asthma, COPD, and lung cancer groups, respectively, had high serum anti-dust EV IgG titers. Adjusted multiple logistic regression revealed that sensitization to dust EVs (high serum anti-dust EV IgG titer) was an independent risk factor for asthma (adjusted OR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-10.0), COPD (adjusted OR, 8.0; 95% CI, 2.0-32.5) and lung cancer (adjusted OR, 38.7; 95% CI, 10.4-144.3). CONCLUSIONS IgG sensitization to indoor dust EVs appears to be a major risk for the development of asthma, COPD, and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Sun Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Pyo Choi
- Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center and Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Hye Kim
- Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center and Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Ki Park
- Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center and Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sejung Yang
- Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center and Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Seup Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Tae Bum Kim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - You Sook Cho
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Mok Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Young Koo Jee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea. ykjee@dku,edu
| | - Sang Do Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Keun Kim
- Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical Center and Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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25
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Hong GH, Kwon HS, Moon KA, Park SY, Park S, Lee KY, Ha EH, Kim TB, Moon HB, Lee HK, Cho YS. Clusterin Modulates Allergic Airway Inflammation by Attenuating CCL20-Mediated Dendritic Cell Recruitment. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2021-30. [PMID: 26826245 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recruitment and activation of dendritic cells (DCs) in the lungs are critical for Th2 responses in asthma, and CCL20 secreted from bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) is known to influence the recruitment of DCs. Because asthma is a disease that is closely associated with oxidative stress, we hypothesized that clusterin, an oxidative stress regulatory molecule, may have a role in the development of allergic airway inflammation. The aim of this study was to examine whether clusterin regulates CCL20 production from the BECs and the subsequent DC recruitment in the lungs. To verify the idea, clusterin knockout (Clu(-/-)), clusterin heterogeneous (Clu(+/-)), and wild-type mice were exposed intranasally to house dust mite (HDM) extract to induce allergic airway inflammation. We found that the total number of immune cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the lung was increased in Clu(-/-) and Clu(+/-) mice. Of these immune cells, inflammatory DCs (CD11b(+)CD11c(+)) and Ly6C(high) monocyte populations in the lung were significantly increased, which was accompanied by increased levels of various chemokines, including CCL20 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and increased oxidative stress markers in the lung. Moreover, HDM-stimulated human BECs with either up- or downregulated clusterin expression showed that CCL20 secretion was negatively associated with clusterin expression. Interestingly, clusterin also reduced the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, which is related to induction of CCL20 expression after HDM stimulation. Thus, the antioxidant property of clusterin is suggested to regulate the expression of CCL20 in BECs and the subsequent recruitment of inflammatory DCs in the airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyong Hwa Hong
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyouk-Soo Kwon
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; and
| | - Keun-Ai Moon
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; and
| | - Sunjoo Park
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | | | - Eun Hee Ha
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Tae-Bum Kim
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; and
| | - Hee-Bom Moon
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; and
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - You Sook Cho
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; and
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26
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Kim CW. Animal allergy in veterinarian researchers. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2016.4.6.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheol-Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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27
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Ren S, Hu J, Chen Y, Yuan T, Hu H, Li S. Human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells promote interleukin-17 production from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors and systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 183:389-96. [PMID: 26507122 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation instigated by interleukin (IL)-17-producing cells is central to the development and pathogenesis of several human autoimmune diseases and animal models of autoimmunity. The expansion of IL-17-producing cells from healthy donors is reportedly promoted by mesenchymal stem cells derived from fetal bone marrow. In the present study, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were examined for their effects on lymphocytes from healthy donors and from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Significantly higher levels of IL-17 were produced when CD4(+) T cells from healthy donors were co-cultured with hUC-MSCs than those that were cultured alone. Blocking experiments identified that this effect might be mediated partially through prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) and IL-1β, without IL-23 involvement. We then co-cultured hUC-MSCs with human CD4(+) T cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Ex-vivo inductions of IL-17 by hUC-MSCs in stimulated lymphocytes were significantly higher in SLE patients than in healthy donors. This effect was not observed for IL-23. Taken together, our results represent that hUC-MSCs can promote the IL-17 production from CD4(+) T cells in both healthy donor and SLE patients. PGE2 and IL-1β might also be partially involved in the promotive effect of hUC-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ren
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Clinical Laboratories and Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - J Hu
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Clinical Laboratories and Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Beijing Military Area Command, Beijing, China
| | - T Yuan
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Clinical Laboratories and Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - H Hu
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Clinical Laboratories and Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - S Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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28
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Bhattacharjee D, Chogtu B, Magazine R. Statins in Asthma: Potential Beneficial Effects and Limitations. Pulm Med 2015; 2015:835204. [PMID: 26618001 PMCID: PMC4651730 DOI: 10.1155/2015/835204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma's sustenance as a global pandemic, across centuries, can be attributed to the lack of an understanding of its workings and the inability of the existing treatment modalities to provide a long lasting cure without major adverse effects. The discovery of statins boosted by a better comprehension of the pathophysiology of asthma in the past few decades has opened up a potentially alternative line of treatment that promises to be a big boon for the asthmatics globally. However, the initial excellent results from the preclinical and animal studies have not borne the results in clinical trials that the scientific world was hoping for. In light of this, this review analyzes the ways by which statins could benefit in asthma via their pleiotropic anti-inflammatory properties and explain some of the queries raised in the previous studies and provide recommendations for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Bharti Chogtu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Rahul Magazine
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, India
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29
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Malerba M, Damiani G, Radaeli A, Ragnoli B, Olivini A, Calzavara-Pinton PG. Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in psoriasis reduces proinflammatory cytokine levels and improves vitiligo and neutrophilic asthma. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:1544-5. [PMID: 26130316 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Malerba
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Brescia and AOU Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - G Damiani
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Brescia and AOU Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Radaeli
- Department of Emergency, AOU Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - B Ragnoli
- Department of Emergency, AOU Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Olivini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Brescia and AOU Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
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30
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Domínguez-Ortega J, Phillips-Anglés E, Barranco P, Quirce S. Cost-effectiveness of asthma therapy: a comprehensive review. J Asthma 2015; 52:529-37. [PMID: 25539023 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2014.999283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma has an important impact in terms of both direct and indirect costs. In Europe, the disease costs € 19 000 million a year. Moreover, the cost is greater among patients with severe uncontrolled asthma and is even higher when the work productivity is also taken into account. Improved control of the disease results in cost savings. In this context, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility studies offer important information for clinicians in deciding the best treatment options for asthmatic patients and contribute to ensure an efficient use of the available healthcare resources. METHODS An English and Spanish literature search using electronic search engines (PubMed and EMBASE) was conducted in peer-review journals, from 2009 to June 2014. In order to perform the search for the most suitable and representative articles, key words were selected ("asthma", "cost-effectiveness", "cost-utility", "QALY", "cost-benefit", "economic impact of asthma" "healthcare cost", "asthma treatment" and "work productivity with asthma"). RESULTS Two-hundred forty-three titles and abstracts were identified by the primary literature search. The full text of the potentially 76 eligible papers was reviewed, and 22 articles were qualified to be finally included. CONCLUSIONS This article provides a comprehensive review on the evidence of cost-effectiveness of asthma treatments derived from the published literature and offers an overall summary of the socioeconomic burden of asthma and its relationship with the degree of disease control. Management alternatives, such as the use of combination therapy with ICS/LABA or omalizumab, when administered according to their current therapeutic indications, have been shown to be cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Domínguez-Ortega
- a Department of Allergy , Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ) , Madrid , Spain
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31
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Song WJ, Jee HM, Suh DI, Yang HJ, Yoon JS, Yu J, Kim SH, Ye YM, Kim TB, Shin SY, Li K, Kim CW. Progress and Prospect: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Papers by Korean Allergists Over Recent Five Years (2009-2013). ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2015; 7:507-12. [PMID: 26122510 PMCID: PMC4509664 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2015.7.5.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Since the establishment of the academic society in 1972, Korean allergists have made continuous efforts to elucidate pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic advances for allergic diseases. The present study aimed to summarize recent progress and explore future prospects of research performance by Korean allergists. We performed a comprehensive bibliometric analysis for research papers published in the Science Citation Index (SCI) or SCI-expanded journals by Korean allergists between 2009 and 2013. Research performance was quantitatively analyzed for the numbers of papers by publication year, research type, and main topic. In addition, the performance was also examined for qualitative indices, such as impact factor and citation number. A total of 1,091 papers were identified. The number of publication increased continuously, with an annual increase rate of 12.3%. Clinical and basic studies were the most frequent types of research, and recently the number of epidemiological studies has increased. By research topic, asthma was the most commonly studied, accounting for 20.9% of the total number of publications. Notably, the amount of rhinitis/rhinosinusitis research has risen steeply in 2013. Qualitative analyses also indicated continuous progress; the median impact factor of published journals increased from 1.918 in 2009 to 2.746 in 2013, yielding an annual increase rate of 7.4%. In conclusion, the present analyses identified a continuous increase in the research performance of Korean allergists over a recent 5 year period (2009-2013), both quantitatively and qualitatively. A more significant contribution is expected in the forthcoming era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jung Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Mi Jee
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong In Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Seo Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinho Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Heon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Ye
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tae Bum Kim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Youp Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kapsok Li
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
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Liou CJ, Cheng PY, Huang WC, Chan CC, Chen MC, Kuo ML, Shen JJ. Oral lovastatin attenuates airway inflammation and mucus secretion in ovalbumin-induced murine model of asthma. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 6:548-57. [PMID: 25374755 PMCID: PMC4214976 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2014.6.6.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lovastatin is an effective inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis. A previous study demonstrated that lovastatin can also suppress airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in murine model of asthma. We aimed to investigate the effect of lovastatin on mucus secretion and inflammation-associated gene expression in the lungs of murine model of asthma. METHODS Female BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal injection, and orally administered lovastatin from days 14 to 27 post-injection. Gene expression in lung tissues was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. AHR and goblet cell hyperplasia were also examined. BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells were used to evaluate the effect of lovastatin on the expression of cell adhesion molecules, chemokines, and proinflammatory cytokines in vitro. RESULTS We showed that lovastatin inhibits the expression of Th2-associated genes, including eotaxins and adhesion molecules, in the lungs of murine model of asthma. Mucin 5AC expression, eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia were significantly decreased in the lung tissue of murine model of asthma treated with lovastatin. Furthermore, lovastatin inhibited AHR and expression of Th2-associated cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. However, a high dose (40 mg/kg) of lovastatin was required to decrease specific IgE to OVA levels in serum, and suppress the expression of Th2-associated cytokines in splenocytes. Activated BEAS-2B cells treated with lovastatin exhibited reduced IL-6, eotaxins (CCL11 and CCL24), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 protein expression. Consistent with this, lovastatin also suppressed the ability of HL-60 cells to adhere to inflammatory BEAS-2B cells. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that lovastatin suppresses mucus secretion and airway inflammation by inhibiting the production of eotaxins and Th2 cytokines in murine model of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chian-Jiun Liou
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. ; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. ; Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. ; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chi Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Jong Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. ; Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kuo, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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He W, Yang C, Xia L, Zhao MZ, Ge RT, Huang H, Ji Q, Yang PC, Liu Z. CD4(+) T cells from food allergy model are resistant to TCR-dependent apoptotic induction. Cytokine 2014; 68:32-9. [PMID: 24787054 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD4(+) T cell polarization plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of allergy. How to modulate the skewed CD4(+) T cell polarization is less clear. The specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the only specific remedy for the treatment of allergic diseases; the therapeutic effect is to be improved. OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-18 in enhancing the therapeutic effect of SIT. METHODS A peanut allergy mouse model was developed and treated with SIT or/and IL-18. CD4(+) T cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The expression of Fas ligand (FasL) was observed by quantitative real time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Interferon-γ in the culture medium was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The fasL gene promoter methylation in CD4(+) T cells was assessed by methylation specific PCR. RESULTS The results showed that lower levels of IL-18 were detected in allergic mice; administration of IL-18 significantly enhanced the therapeutic effect of SIT on suppressing the allergic inflammation in the mouse intestine. In the cell culture studies, IL-18 increased the TCR-dependent CD4(+) T cell apoptosis, the expression of FasL in CD4(+) T cells, the production of Interferon-γ and the demethylation of the FasL promoter in CD4(+) T cells. CONCLUSIONS Administration of IL-18 enhances the effect of SIT on suppressing allergic inflammation in the mouse intestine via enhancing the TCR-dependent CD4(+) T cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengbin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mei-Zhen Zhao
- Longgang Central Hospital, ENT Hospital, Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong-Ti Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haizheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiongmei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
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Lee YS, Cho HJ, Yoo HS, Shin YS, Park HS. A case of IgG4-related disease with bronchial asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2014; 29:599-603. [PMID: 24753711 PMCID: PMC3991807 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.4.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is characterized by a systemic involvement of tumor-like lesions with IgG4-positive plasmacytes. We experienced a case of IgG4-RD developed in a patient with bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). A 55-yr-old female patient with BA and CRS complained of both eyes and neck swelling as well as a recurrent upper respiratory infection in recent 1 yr. The serum levels of IgG4, creatinine, and pancreatic enzymes were elevated. A biopsy of the submandibular gland showed an abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasmacytes. Her symptoms remarkably improved after the treatment of a systemic steroid that has been maintained without recurrence. We report a rare case of IgG4-RD developed in a patient with BA and CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Soo Lee
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Cho
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye-Soo Yoo
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yoo-Sub Shin
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Female asthma has a negative effect on fertility: what is the connection? ISRN ALLERGY 2014; 2014:131092. [PMID: 25101180 PMCID: PMC4005022 DOI: 10.1155/2014/131092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive changes such as impaired fertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes have been related to female asthma. We recently found that time to pregnancy is prolonged in asthmatic females especially in women with moderate to severe asthma and in those above 30 years of age. Despite their reproductive difficulties the asthmatics ultimately conceived just as many biological children as healthy throughout their reproductive lives. This knowledge therefore raises questions about how asthma affects fertility pathophysiologically. The purpose of this review is to describe the existing knowledge in this field and suggest hypotheses of causal relationships, which may form the basis for future studies in this field. The aim is, in particular, in the literature to examine whether there is any evidence to suggest that the systemic inflammation that characterizes asthma, can affect fertility. The issue is potentially clinically important for asthmatic, infertile individuals and society because treatment of the general systemic inflammation associated with the asthmatic disease combined with hormone stimulation might be the optimal target for an effective infertility therapy, possibly decreasing the need for in vitro fertilization.
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Nastase MV, Iozzo RV, Schaefer L. Key roles for the small leucine-rich proteoglycans in renal and pulmonary pathophysiology. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2460-70. [PMID: 24508120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are molecules that have signaling roles in a multitude of biological processes. In this respect, SLRPs play key roles in the evolution of a variety of diseases throughout the human body. SCOPE OF REVIEW We will critically review current developments in the roles of SLRPs in several types of disease of the kidney and lungs. Particular emphasis will be given to the roles of decorin and biglycan, the best characterized members of the SLRP gene family. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS In both renal and pulmonary disorders, SLRPs are essential elements that regulate several pathophysiological processes including fibrosis, inflammation and tumor progression. Decorin has remarkable antifibrotic and antitumorigenic properties and is considered a valuable potential treatment of these diseases. Biglycan can modulate inflammatory processes in lung and renal inflammation and is a potential target in the treatment of inflammatory conditions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE SLRPs can serve as either treatment targets or as potential treatment in renal or lung disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Matrix-mediated cell behaviour and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina V Nastase
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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