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Choi YJ, Lee KS, Jeong JH, Kim K, Yang S, Na JY, Hwang JK, Choe Y, Kim KR, Han MJ, Lee YS, Oh JW. Annual Change in Fungal Concentrations and Allergic Sensitization Rates to Alternaria and Cladosporium in Korea During the Period 1998-2022. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2023; 15:825-836. [PMID: 37957798 PMCID: PMC10643852 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.6.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Atmospheric fungi are associated with respiratory allergies in humans, and some fungal spores can cause allergic diseases. Environmental and biological factors influence the concentrations of atmospheric spores. In this study, we evaluated the climate change-induced annual variations in fungal spore concentrations and allergic sensitization rates in the Seoul Metropolitan Area over a period of 25 years. METHODS Fungal spores and pollen were obtained from Hanyang University Seoul and Guri Hospitals; they were identified and counted for 25 years (1998-2022). The study participants included patients who underwent tests for allergic diseases in both hospitals. Their allergenic sensitization rates were determined via allergic skin prick and serum tests, after which their sensitization rates to allergenic fungi and pollens were calculated. The daily climatic variables were obtained from the Korea Meteorological Administration. RESULTS The total annual atmospheric fungal concentrations decreased in both areas during the period. Simultaneously, we recruited 21,394 patients with allergies (asthma, 1,550; allergic rhinitis, 5,983; and atopic dermatitis, 5,422) from Seoul and Guri Hospitals for allergenic fungal sensitization evaluations over the period. The allergenic fungal sensitization rates decreased annually in both areas over that time `+(Alternaria [3.5%] and Cladosporium [4.4%] in 1998; Alternaria [0.2%] and Cladosporium [0.2%] in 2022). In contrast, the annual pollen concentrations increased with the sensitization rates to pollen in children. CONCLUSIONS The atmospheric fungal concentrations decreased annually, with allergic sensitization rate decreasing over the period of 25 years. Allergenic fungal sporulation could decrease with climate changes, such as desertification and drought. Extended monitoring periods and further large-scale studies are required to confirm the causality and to evaluate the impact of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Kyung-Suk Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Jin Hyeok Jeong
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yoon Na
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Kyoon Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Yunsoo Choe
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Kyu Rang Kim
- Impact-based Forecast Research Team, High Impact Weather Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea
| | - Mae-Ja Han
- Impact-based Forecast Research Team, High Impact Weather Research Department, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea
| | - Yung-Seop Lee
- Department of Statistics, College of Science, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea.
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Lee NG, Kim HK, Choi GS. Comparison of inhalant allergen sensitization between children, adolescents, and adults with asthma and allergic rhinitis. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2021. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2021.9.3.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Gyeom Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee-Kyoo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Gil Soon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Jung JH, Kim GE, Park M, Kim SY, Kim MJ, Lee YJ, Kim YH, Kim KW, Sohn MH. Changes in allergen sensitization in children with allergic diseases in the 1980 to 2019. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2021. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2021.9.4.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hwa Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Eun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mireu Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Ju Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim YJ, Lee MY, Yang AR, Sol IS, Kwak JH, Jung HL, Shim JW, Kim DS, Shim JY. Trends of Sensitization to Inhalant Allergens in Korean Children Over the Last 10 Years. Yonsei Med J 2020; 61:797-804. [PMID: 32882764 PMCID: PMC7471077 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.9.797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Climate and lifestyle changes increase an individual's susceptibility to various allergens and also the incidence of allergic diseases. We aimed to examine the changes in sensitization rate for aeroallergens over a 10-year period in Korean children. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 4493 children who visited the allergy clinic at a tertiary hospital in Korea for allergic rhinitis or asthma from January 2009 to December 2018. The serum specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were measured to confirm the sensitization against Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae), Alternaria, weed and tree pollen mixtures, as well as cat and dog dander through ImmunoCAP test. RESULTS D. farinae was the most common sensitizing aeroallergen (45.9%) during the 10-year span. The sensitization rate for tree pollen mixture (p for trend <0.001), weed pollen mixtures (p for trend <0.001), dog dander (p for trend=0.025), and cat dander (p for trend=0.003) showed ascending trends during the 10-year study period. Furthermore, the sensitization rate for multiple allergens (≥2) in 2018 increased significantly compared to that in 2009 (p for trend=0.013). Compared with children without sensitization to D. farinae, those with sensitization to D. farinae showed higher sensitization rates to other aeroallergens (p for interaction <0.001). CONCLUSION Children's sensitization rate to cat and dog dander and weed and tree pollen mixtures significantly increased during the 10-year period in Korea. Children with sensitization to D. farinae are likely to be sensitized to other aeroallergens as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Ji Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Yeon Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of R&D Management, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - A Ram Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Suk Sol
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hee Kwak
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Lim Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deok Soo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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