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Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients display an altered lipoprotein profile with dysfunctional HDL. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43410. [PMID: 28230201 PMCID: PMC5322497 DOI: 10.1038/srep43410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoproteins modulate innate and adaptive immune responses. In the chronic inflammatory disease multiple sclerosis (MS), reports on lipoprotein level alterations are inconsistent and it is unclear whether lipoprotein function is affected. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we analysed the lipoprotein profile of relapsing-remitting (RR) MS patients, progressive MS patients and healthy controls (HC). We observed smaller LDL in RRMS patients compared to healthy controls and to progressive MS patients. Furthermore, low-BMI (BMI ≤ 23 kg/m2) RRMS patients show increased levels of small HDL (sHDL), accompanied by larger, triglyceride (TG)-rich VLDL, and a higher lipoprotein insulin resistance (LP-IR) index. These alterations coincide with a reduced serum capacity to accept cholesterol via ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter G1, an impaired ability of HDL3 to suppress inflammatory activity of human monocytes, and modifications of HDL3’s main protein component ApoA-I. In summary, lipoprotein levels and function are altered in RRMS patients, especially in low-BMI patients, which may contribute to disease progression in these patients.
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Cho WK, Kim H, Lee HY, Han KD, Jeon YJ, Jung IA, Kim SH, Cho KS, Park SH, Jung MH, Suh BK. Insulin Resistance of Normal Weight Central Obese Adolescents in Korea Stratified by Waist to Height Ratio: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008-2010. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:158758. [PMID: 26257779 PMCID: PMC4519535 DOI: 10.1155/2015/158758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. To evaluate insulin resistance of normal weight central obese 13-18-year-old male and female adolescents stratified by waist to height ratio (WHR). Methods. Data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (K-NHANES) conducted during 2008-2010. Central obesity was defined as that in the upper quartile of age and sex specific WHR. Subjects were classified into no central obesity normal weight (NW), central obesity normal weight (CONW), no central obesity overweight (OW), and central obesity overweight (COOW). Results. The prevalence of CONW was 9.6% (83/832) in female and 7.0% (61/909) in male. CONW showed higher levels of insulin (P < 0.006), HOMA-IR (P < 0.006), and ALT (P < 0.001) than NW in female. CONW had higher levels of insulin (P < 0.0001), HOMA-IR (P < 0.0001), and WBC count (P < 0.021) and lower level of HDL (P < 0.0001) than NW in male. WHR and BMI had similar significant correlations with MS components. CONW showed 2.5 times (95% confidence interval, 1.21-5.00) more likelihood to have high insulin resistance than NW in male. Conclusions. Screening for central obesity using WHR in clinical setting is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyoung Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Do Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jin Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ah Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Soon Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hyun Park
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Kyu Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
- *Byung-Kyu Suh:
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Kang JY, Sung SH, Lee YJ, Choi TI, Choi SJ. Impact of ENPP1 K121Q on change of insulin resistance after web-based intervention in Korean men with diabetes and impaired fasting glucose. J Korean Med Sci 2014; 29:1353-9. [PMID: 25368487 PMCID: PMC4214934 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.10.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectoenzyme nucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) gene has been studied in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR). We hypothesized that the difference in genotype may be one of the factors that affect the outcome of intervention. We genotyped 448 men with fasting glucose≥5.6 mM/L, including 371 in subjects with K allele (KK) (69 control group [CG]; and 302 intervention group [IG]) and 77 in subjects with Q allele (KQ+QQ) (13 CG and 64 IG). The web-based intervention based on a lifestyle modification was delivered by e-mail once a month for 10 months. In the KK, IG demonstrated significantly decreased levels of fasting serum insulin (FSI) as compared to CG and homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In the KQ+QQ IG group, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), FSI and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased, and showed further reduction in the HOMA-IR than KQ+QQ CG. After analysis of covariance, K121Q did significantly influence the change of HbA1c in CG after appropriate adjustment. In a multivariate model, BMI change predicted HOMA-IR change (adjusted β=0.801; P=0.022) in KK IG subjects with T2DM. ENPP1 K121Q did not influence the change in IR. However, individuals with T2DM carrying the K121 variant are very responsive to the effect of BMI reduction on HOMA-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Kang
- Radiation Health Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Sook Hee Sung
- Radiation Health Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Ju Lee
- Radiation Health Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae In Choi
- Central Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Jin Choi
- Radiation Health Research Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
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Blackett PR, Sanghera DK. Genetic determinants of cardiometabolic risk: a proposed model for phenotype association and interaction. J Clin Lipidol 2013; 7:65-81. [PMID: 23351585 PMCID: PMC3559023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2012.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a translational and unifying summary of metabolic syndrome genetics and highlights evidence that genetic studies are starting to unravel and untangle origins of the complex and challenging cluster of disease phenotypes. The associated genes effectively express in the brain, liver, kidney, arterial endothelium, adipocytes, myocytes, and β cells. Progression of syndrome traits has been associated with ectopic lipid accumulation in the arterial wall, visceral adipocytes, myocytes, and liver. Thus, it follows that the genetics of dyslipidemia, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are central in triggering progression of the syndrome to overt expression of disease traits and have become a key focus of interest for early detection and for designing prevention and treatments. To support the "birds' eye view" approach, we provide a road-map depicting commonality and interrelationships between the traits and their genetic and environmental determinants based on known risk factors, metabolic pathways, pharmacologic targets, treatment responses, gene networks, pleiotropy, and association with circadian rhythm. Although only a small portion of the known heritability is accounted for and there is insufficient support for clinical application of gene-based prediction models, there is direction and encouraging progress in a rapidly moving field that is beginning to show clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piers R Blackett
- Department of Pediatrics, 940 NE 13St., University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
| | - Dharambir K Sanghera
- Department of Pediatrics, 940 NE 13St., University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
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