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Herasymiuk M, Sverstiuk A, Kit I. MULTIFACTOR REGRESSION MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS RECURRENCE. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:928-935. [PMID: 37326072 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202305106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To propose an approach to forecasting the risk of chronic rhinosinusitis recurrence based on multivariate regression analysis for effective diagnosis and carrying out treatment and preventive measures. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: 104 patients aged 18 to 80, including 58 women and 46 men, diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis were examined. RESULTS Results: To build a multifactorial regression model for predicting the recurrence of chronic rhinosinusitis, probable factors of the occurrence of the disease were selected. 14 possible factors were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis. 13 risk factors were selected for predicting recurrence of chronic rhinosinusitis with a significance level of less than 0.05. Histograms of the residual deviations of predicting the recurrence of chronic rhinosinusitis were obtained, which are distributed symmetrically, and a normal-probability straight line is presented, on which there are no systematic deviations. The given results confirm the statistical hypothesis that the residual deviations correspond to the normal distribution law. Residual deviations relative to the predicted values are scattered chaotically, which indicates the absence of dependence on the predicted values of the risk of recurrence of chronic rhinosinusitis. The value of the coefficient of determination was calculated, which is 0.988, which gives grounds to claim that 98.8% of the factors are taken into account in the model for predicting the recurrence of chronic rhinosinusitis and its high reliability and acceptability in general. CONCLUSION Conclusions: The proposed model makes it possible to predict in advance potential complications and the possibility of recurrence of the studied disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Herasymiuk
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Andrii Sverstiuk
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Iryna Kit
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
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Jiramongkolchai P, Peterson A, Kallogjeri D, Lee JJ, Kukuljan S, Liebendorfer A, Schneider JS, Klatt‐Cromwell CN, Drescher AJ, Piccirillo JF. Randomized clinical trial to evaluate mometasone lavage vs spray for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps who have not undergone sinus surgery. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2020; 10:936-943. [DOI: 10.1002/alr.22586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pawina Jiramongkolchai
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
| | - Andrew Peterson
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
| | - Dorina Kallogjeri
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
| | - Jake J. Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
| | - Sara Kukuljan
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
| | - Adam Liebendorfer
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
| | - John S. Schneider
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
| | - Cristine N. Klatt‐Cromwell
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
| | - Andrew J. Drescher
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
| | - Jay F. Piccirillo
- Department of Otolaryngology‒Head and Neck Surgery Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis St. Louis MO
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Chowdhury N, Smith TL, Beswick DM. Measuring Success in the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2020; 40:265-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Gelardi M, Piccininni K, Quaranta N, Quaranta V, Silvestri M, Ciprandi G. Olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is associated with clinical-cytological grading severity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 39:329-335. [PMID: 31708579 PMCID: PMC6843581 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-2426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common inflammatory disorder, affecting about 4% of the worldwide population and strongly impacting the quality of life. CRSwNP is still a challenge for ENT specialists in terms of its unknown pathogenesis, difficulty in management and frequent relapse. Olfactory impairment frequently affects CRSwNP patients. We tested the hypothesis that clinical-cytological grading (CCG) could be associated with olfactory dysfunction. The study was cross-sectional, enrolling 62 patients (37 males, 25 females, mean age 49 years, range 18-83) suffering from newly diagnosed CRSwNP. Olfactory dysfunction was very frequent (about 90%) and did not depend on nasal obstruction as assessed by both polyp size and nasal airflow limitation. A CCG > 4 was the best cut-off value to suspect olfactory dysfunction [area under the ROC curve of 0.831 (0.715 to 0.914)]; in addition, the statistical risk of having dysosmia was over 7-fold higher in subjects with CCG > 4 compared with subjects reporting a CCG < 4 (adjOR 7.46). The present study underlines that olfactory dysfunction is common in CRSwNP patients and demonstrates an association between olfactory dysfunction and inflammation, suggesting that CCG could be useful in the work-up of CRSwNP patients and in suspecting olfactory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gelardi
- Otolaryngology, Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - K Piccininni
- Otolaryngology, Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - N Quaranta
- Otolaryngology, Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - V Quaranta
- Pulmonology Unit, Ospedale Di Venere, Bari, Italy
| | - M Silvestri
- Pediatric Pulmonology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Ciprandi
- Allergy Clinic, Casa di Cura Villa Montallegro, Genoa, Italy
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Bachert C, Hellings PW, Mullol J, Hamilos DL, Gevaert P, Naclerio RM, Joish VN, Chao J, Mannent LP, Amin N, Abbe A, Taniou C, Fan C, Pirozzi G, Graham NMH, Mahajan P, Staudinger H, Khan A. Dupilumab improves health-related quality of life in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Allergy 2020; 75:148-157. [PMID: 31306495 DOI: 10.1111/all.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) negatively affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In a previously reported randomized clinical trial (NCT01920893), addition of dupilumab to mometasone furoate in patients with CRSwNP refractory to intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) significantly improved endoscopic, radiographic, and clinical endpoints and patient-reported outcomes. The objective of this analysis was to examine the impact of dupilumab treatment on HRQoL and productivity using secondary outcome data from this trial. METHODS Following a 4-week mometasone furoate nasal spray run-in, patients were randomized to commence subcutaneous dupilumab (600 mg loading dose, then 300 mg once weekly for 15 weeks [n = 30], or matched placebo [n = 30]). Outcomes included scores on the CRS disease severity visual analog scale (VAS), 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22), 5-dimension EuroQoL (EQ-5D) general health status VAS, and 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) for HRQoL and nasal polyp-related healthcare resource use questionnaires. RESULTS Following 16 weeks of treatment, the proportion of patients with moderate-to-severe CRSwNP (VAS > 3-10) decreased from 86.2% to 21.4% with dupilumab and 88.0% to 84.2% with placebo. Dupilumab (vs placebo) resulted in significantly greater improvement in HRQoL, based on SNOT-22, SF-36, and EQ-5D VAS scores. The dupilumab group had a significantly lower adjusted annualized mean number of sick leave days (0.09, vs 4.18 with placebo, P = .015) and significantly greater improvement (vs placebo) in the SNOT-22 item "reduced productivity." CONCLUSIONS In adults with CRSwNP refractory to treatment with INCS alone, the addition of dupilumab reduced disease severity, significantly improved HRQoL, and improved productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Bachert
- Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
- CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Joaquim Mullol
- IDIBAPS (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, and CIBERES) Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Philippe Gevaert
- Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
- CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Nikhil Amin
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Tarrytown NY USA
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Coates ML, Mayer A, Carrie S. Developing an innovative office-based UK rhinology service-Experience and outcomes in 22 patients undergoing office-based local anaesthetic nasal polypectomy. Clin Otolaryngol 2019; 45:268-273. [PMID: 31785123 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mattos JL, Soler ZM, Rudmik L, Manes PR, Higgins TS, Lee J, Schneider J, Setzen M, Parasher AK, Smith TL, Stokken JK. A framework for quality measurement in the presurgical care of chronic rhinosinusitis: a review from the Quality Improvement Committee of the American Rhinologic Society. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2018; 8:1380-1388. [DOI: 10.1002/alr.22154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose L. Mattos
- Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Virginia; Charlottesville VA
| | - Zachary M. Soler
- Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
| | - Luke Rudmik
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery; University of Calgary; Calgary AB Canada
| | - Peter R. Manes
- Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery; Yale School of Medicine; New Haven CT
| | - Thomas S. Higgins
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Louisville; Louisville KY
| | - Jivianne Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of California; Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine; Los Angeles CA
| | - John Schneider
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Washington University; St. Louis MO
| | - Michael Setzen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Weill Cornell University, College of Medicine; New York NY
| | - Arjun K. Parasher
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of South Florida; Tampa FL
| | - Timothy L. Smith
- Division of Rhinology and Sinus/Skull Base Surgery, Oregon Sinus Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Oregon Health and Science University; Portland OR
| | - Janalee K. Stokken
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; MN
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8
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Beswick DM, Smith TL. Improving Value Through Standard and Systematic Data Collection. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-018-0202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and is a high cost burden to both society and patients. There is a variety of objective and subjective outcome measures that exist to assess the effectiveness of interventions. We aim to review current outcome measures available. RECENT FINDINGS Traditionally, results have focused on objective measures, however, subjective outcome measures are gaining traction as being more important. Outcome measures in chronic rhinosinusitis are currently heterogeneous, thus limiting the impact of meta-analysis of past trial results. The development of a core outcome set may standardize the reporting of outcomes in chronic rhinosinusitis. SUMMARY We outline the outcome measures currently available and discuss a proposed core outcome set that may facilitate further value of research on interventions for CRS in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Ting
- ENT Department, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Claire Hopkins
- ENT Department, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT UK
- King’s College London, London, UK
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Walker A, Hopkins C. Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis in Rhinosinusitis: a Critical Review of the Reviews. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2018; 18:8. [PMID: 29450780 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-018-0762-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There has been an explosion in the number of published systematic reviews on chronic rhinosinusitis in the last decade. RECENT FINDINGS While the aim of these reviews in facilitating evidence-based practice is laudable, poor quality reviews may contain significant bias that can mislead a non-discerning reader. Attention therefore must be given to review methodology before implanting findings. Organisations such as the Cochrane Collaboration promote high-quality reviews, but are limited in chronic sinus disease by heterogeneous outcomes and a paucity of randomised trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Walker
- ENT Department, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals, London, SE1 9RT, England
| | - Claire Hopkins
- ENT Department, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals, London, SE1 9RT, England.
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11
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Soni-Jaiswal A, Lakhani R, Hopkins C. Developing a core outcome set for chronic rhinosinusitis: a systematic review of outcomes utilised in the current literature. Trials 2017; 18:320. [PMID: 28697766 PMCID: PMC5505031 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A core outcome set (COS) is an agreed standardised collection of outcomes that should be measured and reported by all trials for a specific clinical area, in this case chronic rhinosinusitis. These are not restrictive and researchers may continue to explore other outcomes alongside these that they feel are relevant to their intervention. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the need for a COS for chronic rhinosinusitis. METHODS A sensitive search strategy was used to identify all published Cochrane systematic reviews and randomised control trials of intervention for adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Two independent authors reviewed these to obtain a list of outcomes and outcome measures reported by each clinical trial. RESULTS Sixty-nine randomised control trials and eight Cochrane systematic reviews were included in this study. They reported 68 individual outcomes and outcome measures, with an average of four to ten outcomes per clinical trial. These outcomes were mapped to 23 subcategories belonging to eight core categories. CONCLUSIONS The key finding of this review was the heterogeneity of outcomes reported and measured by clinical trials of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, precluding meaningful meta-analysis of data. This review supports the need for development of a COS, to be used in future trials on adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claire Hopkins
- Guys and St Thomas’s Hospital, London, UK
- King’s College, London, UK
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Trebesch S, Koch T, Warnecke A, Lenarz T, Stolle S. Objective and subjective assessment of outcomes after sinus surgery in sixty patients. Clin Otolaryngol 2017; 42:1400-1403. [PMID: 28464522 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Trebesch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - T Koch
- ENT-Surgery, Calenberger Esplanade, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Warnecke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - T Lenarz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - S Stolle
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Orlandi R, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Rosenfeld RM. Cochrane Corner: Extracts from The Cochrane Library. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 156:397-402. [PMID: 28248603 DOI: 10.1177/0194599816680605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Cochrane Corner is a section in the journal that highlights systematic reviews relevant to otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, with invited commentary to aid clinical decision making. This installment features a pair of related Cochrane Reviews on intranasal steroids for chronic rhinosinusitis, which identify low- to moderate-quality evidence for a beneficial effect on overall symptoms, nasal congestion, and rhinorrhea. There is no evidence, however, to suggest superiority of any particular steroid preparation or drug delivery system. The related expert commentary should help clinicians make the best treatment decisions based on the studies and outcomes identified in these Cochrane Reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clair Hopkins
- 2 King's Health Partners Clinical Academic Groups, King's College, London, UK
| | - Carl Philpott
- 3 Norwich Medical School and James Paget University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Richard M Rosenfeld
- 4 Department of Otolaryngology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
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Association between computed tomography findings and clinical symptoms in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 274:2165-2173. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-016-4446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Noon E, Hopkins C. Review article: outcomes in endoscopic sinus surgery. BMC EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT DISORDERS 2016; 16:9. [PMID: 27499699 PMCID: PMC4975882 DOI: 10.1186/s12901-016-0030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis has a significant impact on health-related and generic quality-of-life, has a high cost burden to both society and patients, and may be associated with absenteeism, loss of productivity and poor respiratory function. Though there is a paucity of level 1 evidence, endoscopic sinus surgery may be considered in medically refractory patients and a variety of objective and subjective outcome measures exist to assess the effectiveness of intervention. We outline the outcome measurements available and review in-depth the published outcomes to date. Furthermore we discuss the literature that indicates that endoscopic sinus surgery can have a positive effect on respiratory function in asthma. How patient selection, timing and extent of surgery, and post-operative care interventions may optimise surgical outcomes is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Noon
- Northwick Park Hospital, Watford Road, Harrow, Middlesex HA1 3UJ UK
| | - Claire Hopkins
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT UK
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Head K, Chong LY, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Burton MJ, Schilder AGM. Short-course oral steroids alone for chronic rhinosinusitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 4:CD011991. [PMID: 27113367 PMCID: PMC8504433 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011991.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review is one of a suite of six Cochrane reviews looking at the primary medical management options for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common condition involving inflammation of the lining of the nose and paranasal sinuses. It is characterised by nasal blockage and nasal discharge, facial pressure/pain and loss of sense of smell. The condition can occur with or without nasal polyps. Oral corticosteroids are used to control the inflammatory response and improve symptoms. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of oral corticosteroids compared with placebo/no intervention or other pharmacological interventions (intranasal corticosteroids, antibiotics, antifungals) for chronic rhinosinusitis. SEARCH METHODS The Cochrane ENT Information Specialist searched the ENT Trials Register; Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL 2015, Issue 7); MEDLINE; EMBASE; ClinicalTrials.gov; ICTRP and additional sources for published and unpublished trials. The date of the search was 11 August 2015. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing a short course (up to 21 days) of oral corticosteroids with placebo or no treatment or compared with other pharmacological interventions. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used the standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Our primary outcomes were disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQL), patient-reported disease severity, and the adverse event of mood or behavioural disturbances. Secondary outcomes included general HRQL, endoscopic nasal polyp score, computerised tomography (CT) scan score and the adverse events of insomnia, gastrointestinal disturbances and osteoporosis. We used GRADE to assess the quality of the evidence for each outcome; this is indicated in italics. MAIN RESULTS We included eight RCTs (474 randomised participants), which compared oral corticosteroids with placebo or no intervention. All trials only recruited adults with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. All trials reported outcomes at two to three weeks, at the end of the short-course oral steroid treatment period. Three trials additionally reported outcomes at three to six months. Two of these studies prescribed intranasal steroids to patients in both arms of the trial at the end of the oral steroid treatment period. Oral steroids versus placebo or no intervention Disease-specific health-related quality of life was reported by one study. This study reported improved quality of life after treatment (two to three weeks) in the group receiving oral steroids compared with the group who received placebo (standardised mean difference (SMD) -1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.92 to -0.56, 40 participants, modified RSOM-31), which corresponds to a large effect size. We assessed the evidence to be low quality (we are uncertain about the effect estimate; the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect). Disease severity as measured by patient-reported symptom scores was reported by two studies, which allowed the four key symptoms used to define chronic rhinosinusitis (nasal blockage, nasal discharge, facial pressure, hyposmia) to be combined into one score. The results at the end of treatment (two to three weeks) showed an improvement in patients receiving oral steroids compared to placebo, both when presented as a mean final value (SMD -2.84, 95% CI -4.09 to -1.59, 22 participants) and as a change from baseline (SMD -2.28, 95% CI -2.76 to -1.80, 114 participants). These correspond to large effect sizes but we assessed the evidence to be low quality.One study (114 participants) followed patients for 10 weeks after the two-week treatment period. All patients in both arms received intranasal steroids at the end of the oral steroid treatment period. The results showed that the initial results after treatment were not sustained (SMD -0.22, 95% CI -0.59 to 0.15, 114 participants, percentage improvement from baseline). This corresponds to a small effect size and we assessed the evidence to be low quality.There was an increase in adverse events in people receiving orals steroids compared with placebo for gastrointestinal disturbances (risk ratio (RR) 3.45, 95% CI 1.11 to 10.78; 187 participants; three studies) and insomnia (RR 3.63, 95% CI 1.10 to 11.95; 187 participants; three studies). There was no significant impact of oral steroids on mood disturbances at the dosage used in the included study (risk ratio (RR) 2.50, 95% CI 0.55 to 11.41; 40 participants; one study). We assessed the evidence to be low quality due to the lack of definitions of the adverse events and the small number of events or sample size, or both). Other comparisons No studies that compared short-course oral steroids with other treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis met the inclusion criteria. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS At the end of the treatment course (two to three weeks) there is an improvement in health-related quality of life and symptom severity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps taking oral corticosteroids compared with placebo or no treatment. The quality of the evidence supporting this finding is low. At three to six months after the end of the oral steroid treatment period, there is little or no improvement in health-related quality of life or symptom severity for patients taking an initial course of oral steroids compared with placebo or no treatment.The data on the adverse effects associated with short courses of oral corticosteroids indicate that there may be an increase in insomnia and gastrointestinal disturbances but it is not clear whether there is an increase in mood disturbances. All of the adverse events results are based on low quality evidence.More research in this area, particularly research evaluating patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps, longer-term outcomes and adverse effects, is required.There is no evidence for oral steroids compared with other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Head
- UK Cochrane CentreSummertown Pavilion18 ‐ 24 Middle WayOxfordUK
| | - Lee Yee Chong
- UK Cochrane CentreSummertown Pavilion18 ‐ 24 Middle WayOxfordUK
| | - Claire Hopkins
- Guy's HospitalENT DepartmentGerat Maze PondLondonUKSE1 9RT
| | - Carl Philpott
- Norwich Medical School, University of East AngliaDepartment of MedicineNorwichUKNR4 7TJ
| | - Martin J Burton
- UK Cochrane CentreSummertown Pavilion18 ‐ 24 Middle WayOxfordUK
| | - Anne GM Schilder
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College LondonevidENT, Ear Institute330 Grays Inn RoadLondonUKWC1X 8DA
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Head K, Chong LY, Piromchai P, Hopkins C, Philpott C, Schilder AGM, Burton MJ. Systemic and topical antibiotics for chronic rhinosinusitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 4:CD011994. [PMID: 27113482 PMCID: PMC8763400 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011994.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review is one of six looking at the primary medical management options for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.Chronic rhinosinusitis is common and is characterised by inflammation of the lining of the nose and paranasal sinuses leading to nasal blockage, nasal discharge, facial pressure/pain and loss of sense of smell. The condition can occur with or without nasal polyps. Systemic and topical antibiotics are used with the aim of eliminating infection in the short term (and some to reduce inflammation in the long term), in order to normalise nasal mucus and improve symptoms. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of systemic and topical antibiotics in people with chronic rhinosinusitis. SEARCH METHODS The Cochrane ENT Information Specialist searched the Cochrane ENT Trials Register; CENTRAL (2015, Issue 8); MEDLINE; EMBASE; ClinicalTrials.gov; ICTRP and additional sources for published and unpublished trials. The date of the search was 29 September 2015. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a follow-up period of at least three months comparing systemic or topical antibiotic treatment to (a) placebo or (b) no treatment or (c) other pharmacological interventions. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used the standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Our primary outcomes were disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQL), patient-reported disease severity and the commonest adverse event - gastrointestinal disturbance. Secondary outcomes included general HRQL, endoscopic nasal polyp score, computerised tomography (CT) scan score and the adverse events of suspected allergic reaction (rash or skin irritation) and anaphylaxis or other very serious reactions. We used GRADE to assess the quality of the evidence for each outcome; this is indicated in italics. MAIN RESULTS We included five RCTs (293 participants), all of which compared systemic antibiotics with placebo or another pharmacological intervention.The varying study characteristics made comparison difficult. Four studies recruited only adults and one only children. Three used macrolide, one tetracycline and one a cephalosporin-type antibiotic. Three recruited only patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps, one recruited patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and one had a mixed population. Three followed up patients for 10 to 12 weeks after treatment had finished. Systemic antibiotics versus placebo Three studies compared antibiotics with placebo (176 participants).One study (64 participants, without polyps) reported disease-specific HRQL using the SNOT-20 (0 to 5, 0 = best quality of life). At the end of treatment (three months) the SNOT-20 score was lower in the group receiving macrolide antibiotics than the placebo group (mean difference (MD) -0.54 points, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.98 to -0.10), corresponding to a moderate effect size favouring antibiotics (moderate quality evidence). Three months after treatment, it is uncertain if there was a difference between groups.One study (33 participants, with polyps) provided information on gastrointestinal disturbances and suspected allergic reaction (rash or skin irritation) after a short course of tetracycline antibiotic compared with placebo. We are very uncertain if antibiotics were associated with an increase in gastrointestinal disturbances (risk ratio (RR) 1.36, 95% CI 0.22 to 8.50) or skin irritation (RR 6.67, 95% CI 0.34 to 128.86) (very low quality evidence). Systemic antibiotics plus saline irrigation and intranasal corticosteroids versus placebo plus saline irrigation and intranasal corticosteroids One study (60 participants, some with and some without polyps) compared a three-month course of macrolide antibiotic with placebo; all participants also used saline irrigation and 70% used intranasal corticosteroids. Disease-specific HRQL was reported using SNOT-22 (0 to 110, 0 = best quality of life). Data were difficult to interpret (highly skewed and baseline imbalances) and it is unclear if there was an important difference at any time point (low quality evidence). To assess patient-reported disease severity participants rated the effect of treatment on a five-point scale (-2 for "desperately worse" to 2 for "cured") at the end of treatment (three months). For improvement in symptoms there was no difference between the antibiotics and placebo groups; the RR was 1.50 (95% CI 0.81 to 2.79; very low quality evidence), although there were also slightly more people who felt worse after treatment in the antibiotics group. There was no demonstrable difference in the rate of gastrointestinal disturbances between the groups (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.16 to 7.10). General HRQL was measured using the SF-36. The authors stated that there was no difference between groups at the end of treatment (12 weeks) or two weeks later. Systemic antibiotics versus intranasal corticosteroids One study (43 participants, without polyps) compared a three-month course of macrolide antibiotic with intranasal corticosteroids. Patient-reported disease severity was assessed using a composite symptom score (0 to 40; 0 = no symptoms). It is very uncertain if there was a difference as patient-reported disease severity was similar between groups (MD -0.32, 95% CI -2.11 to 1.47; low quality evidence). Systemic antibiotics versus oral corticosteroids One study (28 participants, with polyps) compared a short course of tetracycline antibiotic (unclear duration, ˜20 days) with a 20-day course of oral corticosteroids. We were unable to extract data on any of the primary efficacy outcomes. It is uncertain if there was a difference ingastrointestinal disturbances (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.16 to 6.14) or skin irritation (RR 2.00, 95% CI 0.20 to 19.62) as the results for these outcomes were similar between groups (very low quality evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found very little evidence that systemic antibiotics are effective in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. We did find moderate quality evidence of a modest improvement in disease-specific quality of life in adults with chronic rhinosinusitis without polyps receiving three months of a macrolide antibiotic. The size of improvement was moderate (0.5 points on a five-point scale) and only seen at the end of the three-month treatment; by three months later no difference was found.Despite a general understanding that antibiotics can be associated with adverse effects, including gastrointestinal disturbances, the results in this review were very uncertain because the studies were small and few events were reported.No RCTs of topical antibiotics met the inclusion criteria.More research in this area, particularly evaluating longer-term outcomes and adverse effects, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Head
- UK Cochrane CentreSummertown Pavilion18 ‐ 24 Middle WayOxfordUK
| | - Lee Yee Chong
- UK Cochrane CentreSummertown Pavilion18 ‐ 24 Middle WayOxfordUK
| | - Patorn Piromchai
- Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen UniversityDepartment of OtorhinolaryngologyKhon KaenThailand
| | - Claire Hopkins
- Guy's HospitalENT DepartmentGerat Maze PondLondonUKSE1 9RT
| | - Carl Philpott
- Norwich Medical School, University of East AngliaDepartment of MedicineNorwichUKNR4 7TJ
| | - Anne GM Schilder
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College LondonevidENT, Ear Institute330 Grays Inn RoadLondonUKWC1X 8DA
| | - Martin J Burton
- UK Cochrane CentreSummertown Pavilion18 ‐ 24 Middle WayOxfordUK
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