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Panda SK, Kumar D, Jena GR, Patra RC, Panda SK, Sethy K, Mishra SK, Swain BK, Naik PK, Beura CK, Panda B. Hepatorenal Toxicity of Inorganic Arsenic in White Pekin Ducks and Its Amelioration by Using Ginger. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2471-2490. [PMID: 35723853 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03317-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The toxic metalloid arsenic is known to cause liver and kidney injury in many humans and animals. The goal of this paper was to exemplify the antagonism of ginger against arsenic (As)-induced hepato-renal toxicity. In addition, the pathways Nrf2/Keap1 and NF/κB were studied to reveal the molecular mechanism of the stress. One hundred twenty 7-day-old White Pekin ducks were randomly allocated into five groups, having 24 birds in each. Each group contained three replicates having 8 birds in each replicate and maintained for 90 days. The groups were as follows: T-1 [control-basal diet with normal water], T-2 [T1 + As at 28 ppm/L of water], T-3 [T2 + ginger powder at 100 mg/kg feed], T-4 [T2 + ginger powder at 300 mg/kg feed], and T-5 [T2 + ginger powder at 1 g/kg feed]. It was observed that there was a significant increase in oxidative parameters whereas a significant decrease in antioxidant parameters in hepato-renal tissues in T-2. The exposure to As not only decreased the mRNA expression of antioxidant parameters like Nrf2, SOD-1, CAT, GPX, and HO-1and anti-inflammatory markers like IL-4 and IL-10 but also increased the m-RNA expression of NF-κB, Keap-1 and pro-inflammatory markers like IL-2, Il-6, IL-18, IL-1β, and TNF-α. There was also an accumulation of As in hepatic and renal tissue, confirmed by residual analysis of these tissues. By correlating the above parameters, As at 28 ppm showed significant toxic effects, and ginger powder at 1 g/kg feed effectively counteracted the toxic effects of As in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Panda
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India.
| | - Dhirendra Kumar
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Geeta Rani Jena
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra Patra
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Susen Kumar Panda
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Kamdev Sethy
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Surya Kant Mishra
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Bijaya Kumar Swain
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Prafulla Kumar Naik
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Chandra Kant Beura
- Regional centre ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Bhagyalaxmi Panda
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
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Kim KJ, Kim E, Kang WS, Jeon M, Choi H, Lee KH, Kim MH, Kim JS, Na CS, Kim S. SR-5, the specific ratio of Korean multi-herbal formula: An evaluation of antiulcerogenic effects on experimentally induced gastric ulcers in mice. Dose Response 2021; 19:15593258211044329. [PMID: 34690616 PMCID: PMC8532236 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211044329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previously, we demonstrated that the specific ratio of Korean multi-herbal formula (SR-5) exhibits hepatoprotective properties against ethanol-induced hepatic damage in rats. Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption is a major etiological factor involved in gastric disease and ulcer development induced by the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Methods The present study evaluated the gastroprotective effects of SR-5 (100, 150, and 200 mg/kg) against hydrochloride acid/ethanol (HCl/EtOH)-induced and indomethacin/hydrochloride acid (INDO/HCl)-induced gastritis in a mouse model and the mechanisms involved. Results All the tested doses of SR-5 significantly inhibited gastric lesions in the HCl/EtOH-induced ulcer model mice. Similarly, all the tested doses of SR-5 significantly inhibited gastric lesions in the INDO/HCl-induced ulcer model mice. Furthermore, mice pretreated with SR-5 had significantly increased gastric levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, namely, catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH), with concomitant reductions in malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels compared with those in the HCl/EtOH or INDO/HCl group. SR-5 suppressed the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to their normal values. Conclusion These findings are the first to demonstrate the powerful protective effect of SR-5 against gastric injury development and provide hope for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Jo Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Seok Kang
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Jeon
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakjoon Choi
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hoon Lee
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyeon Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Su Na
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunoh Kim
- Central R&D Center, B&Tech Co., Ltd, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Upregulation of the TRPA1 Ion Channel in the Gastric Mucosa after Iodoacetamide-Induced Gastritis in Rats: A Potential New Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165591. [PMID: 32764237 PMCID: PMC7460663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute gastritis is often untreatable by acid secretion-inhibiting drugs. Understanding the protective mechanisms including the role of Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin1 (TRPA1) and Vanilloid1 (TRPV1) channels localized on capsaicin-sensitive afferents and non-neuronal structures might identify novel therapeutic approaches. Therefore, we characterized a translational gastritis model using iodoacetamide (IAA) and investigated TRPA1/V1 expressions. Wistar rats and CD1, C57Bl/6J mice were exposed to IAA-containing (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5%) drinking water for 7 or 14 days. Body weight and water consumption were recorded daily. Macroscopic lesions were scored, qualitative histopathologic investigation was performed, TRPA1/V1 immunopositivity and mRNA expressions were measured. IAA induced a concentration-dependent weight loss and reduced water intake in both species. Hyperemia, submucosal edema, inflammatory infiltration and hemorrhagic erosions developed after 7 days, while ulcers after 14 days in rats. Trpa1 mRNA/protein expressions were upregulated at both timepoints. Meanwhile, TRPV1 immunopositivity was upregulated in the gastric corpus after 0.05% IAA ingestion, but downregulated after 0.2%, whereas Trpv1 mRNA did not change. Interestingly, no macroscopic/microscopic changes were observed in mice. These are the first data for the concentration- and duration-dependent changes in the IAA-induced gastritis in rats accompanied by TRPA1 upregulation, therefore, its therapeutic potential in gastritis should further be investigated.
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Prodigiosins from a marine sponge-associated actinomycete attenuate HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesion via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216737. [PMID: 31194753 PMCID: PMC6563954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is sores that form in the stomach mucosal layer because of erosion caused by high acid secretion and excessive use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Prodigiosins (PdGs) are red-pigmented secondary metabolites produced by bacteria, including actinomycetes. Butylcycloheptylprodigiosin (1) and undecylprodigiosin (2) were identified and isolated from a crude extract of the actinomycete RA2 isolated from the Red Sea Sponge Spheciospongia mastoidea. Chemical structure of 1 and 2 was determined by NMR and mass spectroscopy. Although their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are known, their effect on gastric lesion is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gastroprotective effects of PdGs against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesion in rats. Oral pretreatment with PdGs (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) attenuated severity of HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury, as evidenced by decreases in gastric lesion index scores, ulceration area, histopathologic abnormality, and neutrophil infiltration. These effects were comparable to those of omeprazole, a standard anti-gastric ulcer agent. HCl/ethanol-induced gastric erosions was associated with tremendous increases in lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators (myeloperoxidase, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and cyclooxygenase-2), and with significant decreases in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. However, PdGs ameliorated gastric inflammation and oxidative stress by downregulating nuclear factor kappa B and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and upregulating heme oxygenase-1 expression. PdGs prevented gastric mucosal apoptosis by downregulating Bax and caspase-3 expression and upregulating Bcl-2 expression, thereby increasing prostaglandin E2 production. Our results suggested that PdGs exerted gastroprotective effects by decreasing the levels of inflammatory mediators, apoptotic markers, and antioxidants.
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Olive (Olea europaea) leaf methanolic extract prevents HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis in rats by attenuating inflammation and augmenting antioxidant enzyme activities. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:338-349. [PMID: 28463797 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastritis is preponderantly characterized by inflammation of the lining epithelial layer and the chronic gastritis is considered as a pre-cancer lesion. For many centuries olive (Olea europaea) leaf has been used for its putative health potential, nonetheless, to date, the gastroprotective effects of olive leaves have not been studied yet. Hence, in this study we investigated whether olive leaf extract (OLE) could protect gastric mucosa against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Hcl/ethanol administration caused significant damage to the gastric mucosa, as confirmed by gastric ulcer index and histological evaluation. However, this damage was largely prevented by pre-administering 20mg/kg omeprazole or 100mg/kg OLE. Interestingly, the damage was completely prevented by pre-administering 200 and 300mg/kg OLE. Moreover, OLE attenuated the inflammatory response by decreasing nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expressions, and down-regulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in gastric mucosa. The gastroprotective mechanism of OLE involved the promotion of enzymatic and nonenzymatic molecules (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione reduced form), promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA expression, halting lipid peroxidation and preventing the overproduction of nitric oxide. Together, our findings clearly demonstrated that OLE could prevent HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis by attenuating inflammation and oxidant/antioxidant imbalance. Indeed, OLE could potentially be useful as a natural therapy for gastritis.
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Effect ofRumex Aquaticus HerbaExtract AgainstHelicobacter pylori-Induced Inflammation in Gastric Epithelial Cells. J Med Food 2016; 19:31-7. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Vasas A, Orbán-Gyapai O, Hohmann J. The Genus Rumex: Review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:198-228. [PMID: 26384001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The approximately 200 species of the genus Rumex (sorrel, Polygonaceae) are distributed worldwide (European, Asian, African and American countries). Some species have been used traditionally as vegetables and for their medicinal properties. Based on the traditional knowledge, different phytochemical and pharmacological activities have been at the focus of research. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of local and traditional medical uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, toxicity, and safety of Rumex species, in order to identify the therapeutic potential of Rumex species and further directions of research. MATERIALS AND METHODS The selection of relevant data was made through a search using the keyword "Rumex" in "Scopus", "Google Scholar", "Web of Science", "PubMed", and "ScienceDirect" databases. Plant taxonomy was validated by the databases "The Plant List", and "Mansfeld's Encyclopedia". Additional information on traditional use and botany was obtained from published books and MSc dissertations. RESULTS This review discusses the current knowledge of the chemistry, the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies carried out on the extracts, and the main active constituents, isolated from plants of genus Rumex. Although, there are about 200 species in this genus, most of the phytochemical and pharmacological studies were performed on up to 50 species. The aerial parts, leaves and roots of the plants are used as vegetables and for the treatment of several health disorders such as mild diabetes, constipation, infections, diarrhoea, oedema, jaundice, and as an antihypertensive, diuretic and analgesic and in case of skin, liver and gallbladder disorders, and inflammation. Many phytochemical investigations on this genus confirmed that Rumex species are rich in anthraquinones, naphthalenes, flavonoids, stilbenoids, triterpenes, carotenoids, and phenolic acids. Moreover, it draws the attention that high level of oxalic acid in some species can cause toxicity (kidney stones) if consumed large quantity. CONCLUSIONS This review confirms that some Rumex species have emerged as a good source of the traditional medicine for treatment of inflammation, cancer and different bacterial infections and provides new insights for further promising investigations on isolated compounds, especially quercetin 3-O-glucoside, emodin, nepodin, torachrysone, and trans-resveratrol to find novel therapeutics and aid drug discovery. In addition, hepatoprotective, antiviral and antidiabetic activities should have priority in future pharmacological studies. However, for applying species to prevent or treat various diseases, additional pharmacological studies are needed to find the mechanism of actions, safety and efficacy of them before starting clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vasas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Orbán-Gyapai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.
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Zhou J, Sun Q, Yang Z, Zhang J. The hepatotoxicity and testicular toxicity induced by arecoline in mice and protective effects of vitamins C and e. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 18:143-8. [PMID: 24757376 PMCID: PMC3994301 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Arecoline is a major alkaloid of areca nuts which are widely chewed by southeast Asian and it manifests various toxic effects in different organs of human and animals. In this work, mature mice were treated by vitamins C plus E, arecoline, or both daily for four weeks. The results showed that arecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Additionally, the body weight, testis weight, sperm counts, motility and normal sperms also were significantly decreased. The supplement of vitamins C and E can bring the activities of ALP and GPT to normal levels and partially restore the sperm counts compared to the arecoline-treated group but have no other positive effects. In conclusion, the vitamins C and E partially attenuated the arecoline-induced hepatotoxiciy but basically had on protective effects against the arecoline-induced testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Zhirong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource and Ecological Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
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