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Kamaraj C, Satish Kumar RC, Al-Ghanim KA, Nicoletti M, Sathiyamoorthy V, Sarvesh S, Ragavendran C, Govindarajan M. Novel Essential Oils Blend as a Repellent and Toxic Agent against Disease-Transmitting Mosquitoes. TOXICS 2023; 11:517. [PMID: 37368617 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Bio-insecticidal research has focused on long-term vector control using essential oils (EOs). This study examined the larvicidal, oviposition-deterrent, and repellent properties of five medicinal herb-based EO formulations (EOFs) on mosquitoes that are vectors of dengue, filariasis, and malaria. EOFs were significantly more toxic to the larvae and pupae of Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles stephensi, and Aedes aegypti with LC50 = 9.23, 12.85, and 14.46 ppm, as well with 10.22, 11.39, and 12.81 ppm, with oviposition active indexes of -0.84, -0.95, and -0.92, respectively. Oviposition-deterrent repellence was found in 91.39%, 94.83%, and 96.09%. EOs and N, N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) were prepared at various concentrations for time duration repellent bioassays (6.25-100 ppm). Ae. aegypti, An. stephensi, and Cx. quinquefasciatus were monitored for 300, 270, and 180 min, respectively. At 100 ppm, EOs and DEET had comparable repellence in terms of test durations. EOF's primary components d-limonene (12.9%), 2,6-octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl, (Z) (12.2%), acetic acid, phenylmethyl ester (19.6%), verbenol (7.6%), and benzyl benzoate (17.4%) may be combined to make a mosquito larvicidal and repellant equivalent to synthetic repellent lotions. In the molecular dynamics simulations, limonene (-6.1 kcal/mol) and benzyl benzoate (-7.5 kcal/mol) had a positive chemical association with DEET (-6.3 kcal/mol) and interacted with the OBP binding pocket with high affinity and stability. This research will help local herbal product manufacturers and the cosmetics industry in developing 100% herbal insect repellent products to combat mosquito-borne diseases, including dengue, malaria, and filariasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnaperumal Kamaraj
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), Directorate of Research, SRM Institute Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajappan Chandra Satish Kumar
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), Directorate of Research, SRM Institute Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Khalid A Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Foundation in Unam Sapientiam, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - V Sathiyamoorthy
- Ayurvedic Manufacturing, Kancheepuram 631 501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabarathinam Sarvesh
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), Directorate of Research, SRM Institute Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chinnasamy Ragavendran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marimuthu Govindarajan
- Unit of Vector Control, Phytochemistry and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
- Unit of Natural Products and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Government College for Women (Autonomous), Kumbakonam 612 001, Tamil Nadu, India
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El-Kasem Bosly HA. Larvicidal and adulticidal activity of essential oils from plants of the Lamiaceae family against the West Nile virus vector, Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103350. [PMID: 35762012 PMCID: PMC9232543 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Culex pipiens mosquitoes are the most widely distributed primary vector of the West Nile virus worldwide. Many attempts for investigation of botanical pesticides to avoid the development of pesticide resistance to conventional synthetic pesticides that are recognized as a threat to the diversity of ecosystems. The study aimed to determine the components of three essential oils of Lamiaceae family, lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Furthermore, aimed to validate the insecticidal activities of these oils as larvicidal agents against the third instar larvae of Culex pipiens using five different concentrations (62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm) for each oil in five replicates and as an adulticidal agent against approximately three-day-old female adults of Cx. Pipiens using 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 5% concentrations in three replicates. The results generally showed a dose-related response. At 1000 ppm, rosemary oil showed the highest larvicidal (100%) (LC50, 214.97 ppm), followed by peppermint oil (92.00% mortality and LC50 (269.35 ppm). Lavender oil showed the lowest efficacy with 87.20% mortality and LC50 (301.11 ppm). At 5% oil concentration, the highest knockdown rate at 1 h was recorded for lavender oil (95.55%), followed by peppermint oil (88.89%) and lastly rosemary oil (84.44%). After 24 h, rosemary oil showed the lowest adult mortality rate (88.89%; LC50, 1.44%), while lavender and peppermint oils both showed a 100% mortality rate, with (LC50, 0.81% and 0.91%, respectively). The chemical constituents of the oils consisted of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes that determined their insecticidal activities against the target insect stage. The study proposed that rosemary essential oil may be useful for the control of Cx. pipiens larvae as part of an integrated water treatment strategy, and lavender and peppermint oils may be used in an integrated plan for adult’s control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Abo El-Kasem Bosly
- Entomology Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, PO Box 2097, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Sharma S, Loach N, Gupta S, Mohan L. Evaluation of larval toxicity, mode of action and chemical composition of citrus essential oils against Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Velho MC, Cossetin LF, Godoi SND, Santos RCV, Gündel A, Monteiro SG, Ourique AF. Nanobiopesticides: development and inseticidal activity of nanoemulsions containing lemongrass or eucalyptus oils. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:6210-6215. [PMID: 33307816 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1837809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The bioinsecticides, like essential oils, are a promising alternative in pest control. However, these oils have some limitations, such as instability and low solubility. These limitations can be circumvented through nanotechnology, with the nanoemulsification of these compounds. Therefore, the objective of this study was to prepare, characterize and explore the insecticidal activity against adult flies of nanoemulsions containing essential oil of lemongrass or eucalyptus. The nanoemulsions were prepared by the high-energy method and presented droplet size smaller than 125 nm, with polydispersity index of 0.2, pH acid and spherical morphology. The insecticidal activity was evaluated by the Topical Application Method and Exposure Impregnated Paper Exposure, where it was possible to demonstrate a potential insecticidal effect of lemongrass oil in the concentrations of 10, 30 and 50 µL/mL against Musca domestica and Lucilia cuprina and the potentiation of this effect when nanoemulsified this oil against L. cuprina.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Filippin Cossetin
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | - André Gündel
- Laboratory of Atomic Force Microscopy, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Bage, Brazil
| | - Silvia Gonzalez Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Jadhav KB, Sawant MG, Satvekar T, Nagarkar JM. Biopesticide formulations of karanj and castor oil using soapnut. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1841001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kartiki B. Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Mrunal Ghag Sawant
- Department of Zoonosis, Haffkine Institute for Training, Research and Testing, Mumbai, India
| | - Trupti Satvekar
- Department of Zoonosis, Haffkine Institute for Training, Research and Testing, Mumbai, India
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Essential Oil Compositions of Three Invasive Conyza Species Collected in Vietnam and Their Larvicidal Activities against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194576. [PMID: 33036394 PMCID: PMC7583829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne infectious diseases are a persistent problem in tropical regions of the world, including Southeast Asia. Vector control has relied principally on synthetic insecticides, but these have detrimental environmental effects and there is an increasing demand for plant-based agents to control insect pests. Invasive weedy plant species may be able to serve as readily available sources of essential oils, some of which may be useful as larvicidal agents for control of mosquito populations. We hypothesize that members of the genus Conyza (Asteraceae) may produce essential oils that may have mosquito larvicidal properties. The essential oils from the aerial parts of Conyza bonariensis, C. canadensis, and C. sumatrensis were obtained by hydrodistillation, analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and screened for mosquito larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus. The essential oils of C. canadensis and C. sumatrensis, both rich in limonene (41.5% and 25.5%, respectively), showed notable larvicidal activities against Ae. aegypti (24-h LC50 = 9.80 and 21.7 μg/mL, respectively) and Ae. albopictus (24-h LC50 = 18.0 and 19.1 μg/mL, respectively). These two Conyza species may, therefore, serve as sources for alternative, environmentally-benign larvicidal control agents.
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Rossi P, Cappelli A, Marinelli O, Valzano M, Pavoni L, Bonacucina G, Petrelli R, Pompei P, Mazzara E, Ricci I, Maggi F, Nabissi M. Mosquitocidal and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of The Essential Oils Obtained from Monoecious, Male, and Female Inflorescences of Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) and Their Encapsulation in Nanoemulsions. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153451. [PMID: 32751258 PMCID: PMC7435401 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the various innovative products obtainable from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) waste biomass originating from different industrial processes, the essential oil (EO) deserves special attention in order to understand its possible application in different fields, such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and botanical insecticides. For the purpose, in the present work, we studied the chemical composition of EOs obtained from different hemp varieties, namely Felina 32 and Carmagnola Selezionata (CS) using monoecious, male, and female inflorescences, and we evaluated their mosquitocidal activities on larvae and pupae of two main malaria vectors, Anopheles gambiae and An. stephensi. Then, in order to evaluate the safe use of hemp EOs for operators, the potential pro- or anti-inflammatory effect of hemp EOs together with their toxicological profile were determined on dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Given the promising results obtained by insecticidal and anti-inflammatory studies, a preliminary evaluation of EOs encapsulation into nanoemulsions (NEs) has been performed with the aim to develop a formulation able to improve their poor physicochemical stability. Felina 32 and CS inflorescences provided EOs with an interesting chemical profile, with monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons as the major components. This study highlighted the potential application of male inflorescences, which are usually discharged during hemp product processing. These EOs could be exploited as potential sustainable and eco-friendly insecticides, given their capability to be toxic against mosquitoes and the possibility to use them to prepare stable and safe formulations. The LC50 values found in this study (<80 ppm) are lower, on average, than those of many plant EOs, with the advantage of using an industrial waste product. From MTT assay and gene and protein expression analysis, EOs showed no cytotoxicity at the appropriate doses and exerted an anti-inflammatory effect on the human cell lines tested. These findings encourage further applied research on hemp EOs in order support their industrial exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Rossi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (P.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (I.R.)
| | - Alessia Cappelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (P.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (I.R.)
| | - Oliviero Marinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (O.M.); (L.P.); (G.B.); (R.P.); (P.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Matteo Valzano
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (P.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (I.R.)
| | - Lucia Pavoni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (O.M.); (L.P.); (G.B.); (R.P.); (P.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (O.M.); (L.P.); (G.B.); (R.P.); (P.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (O.M.); (L.P.); (G.B.); (R.P.); (P.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Pierluigi Pompei
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (O.M.); (L.P.); (G.B.); (R.P.); (P.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Eugenia Mazzara
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (O.M.); (L.P.); (G.B.); (R.P.); (P.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Irene Ricci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (P.R.); (A.C.); (M.V.); (I.R.)
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (O.M.); (L.P.); (G.B.); (R.P.); (P.P.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (M.N.); Tel.: +39-0737-404-506 (F.M.); +39-0737-403-306 (M.N.)
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (O.M.); (L.P.); (G.B.); (R.P.); (P.P.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (M.N.); Tel.: +39-0737-404-506 (F.M.); +39-0737-403-306 (M.N.)
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Ebadollahi A, Ziaee M, Palla F. Essential Oils Extracted from Different Species of the Lamiaceae Plant Family as Prospective Bioagents against Several Detrimental Pests. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071556. [PMID: 32231104 PMCID: PMC7180760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
On the basis of the side effects of detrimental synthetic chemicals, introducing healthy, available, and effective bioagents for pest management is critical. Due to this circumstance, several studies have been conducted that evaluate the pesticidal potency of plant-derived essential oils. This review presents the pesticidal efficiency of essential oils isolated from different genera of the Lamiaceae family including Agastache Gronovius, Hyptis Jacquin, Lavandula L., Lepechinia Willdenow, Mentha L., Melissa L., Ocimum L., Origanum L., Perilla L., Perovskia Kar., Phlomis L., Rosmarinus L., Salvia L., Satureja L., Teucrium L., Thymus L., Zataria Boissier, and Zhumeria Rech. Along with acute toxicity, the sublethal effects were illustrated such as repellency, antifeedant activity, and adverse effects on the protein, lipid, and carbohydrate contents, and on the esterase and glutathione S-transferase enzymes. Chemical profiles of the introduced essential oils and the pesticidal effects of their main components have also been documented including terpenes (hydrocarbon monoterpene, monoterpenoid, hydrocarbon sesquiterpene, and sesquiterpenoid) and aliphatic phenylpropanoid. Consequently, the essential oils of the Lamiaceae plant family and their main components, especially monoterpenoid ones with several bioeffects and multiple modes of action against different groups of damaging insects and mites, are considered to be safe, available, and efficient alternatives to the harmful synthetic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Ebadollahi
- Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-36514, Iran
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (F.P.)
| | - Masumeh Ziaee
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-43311, Iran;
| | - Franco Palla
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo 38-90123, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (F.P.)
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Mahendran G, Rahman L. Ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological updates on Peppermint (
Mentha × piperita
L.)—A review. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2088-2139. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Mahendran
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR‐CIMAP) Lucknow India
| | - Laiq‐Ur Rahman
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR‐CIMAP) Lucknow India
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Leptospermum scoparium essential oil is a promising source of mosquito larvicide and its toxicity is enhanced by a biobased emulsifier. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229076. [PMID: 32078653 PMCID: PMC7032722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic pesticides are the cornerstone of vector-borne disease control, but alternatives are urgently needed to tackle the growing problem of insecticide resistance and concerns over environmental safety. Leptospermum scoparium J.R. Forst and G. Forst (manuka) essential oil and its four fractions were analyzed for chemical composition and toxicity against Aedes aegypti larvae. The use of bio-based amylose-N-1-hexadecylammonium chloride inclusion complexes (Hex-Am) as an emulsifier for L. scoparium essential oil was also investigated. Fraction 1 was inactive, fractions 2 (LC50 = 12.24 ppm) and 3 (LC50 = 20.58 ppm) were more toxic than the whole essential oil (LC50 = 47.97 ppm), and fraction 4 (LC50 = 35.87 ppm) had similar toxicity as the whole essential oil. Twenty-one chemical constituents were detected in L. scoparium essential oil compared to 16, 5, 19 and 25 chemical constituents in fractions, 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The two most dominant chemical constituents were calamenene (17.78%) and leptospermone (11.86%) for L. scoparium essential oil, calamenene (37.73%) and ledene (10.37%) for fraction 1, leptospermone (56.6%) and isoleptospermone (19.73) for fraction 2, cubenol (24.30%) and caryophyllene oxide (12.38%) for fraction 3, and γ-gurjunene (21.62%) and isoleptospermone (7.88%) for fraction 4. Alpha-pinene, ledene, and aromandendrene were 2–7 times less toxic than the whole essential suggesting that the toxicity of L. scoparium essential oil was either due to other chemical constituents that were not tested or due synergist interactions among chemical constituents. Leptospermum scoparium essential oil-Hex-Am emulsion (LC50 = 29.62) was more toxic than the whole essential oil. These findings suggest that L. scoparium essential oil is a promising source of mosquito larvicide and that Hex-Am is an excellent emulsifier for L. scoparium essential oil for use as a larvicide.
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Tian Y, Dong F, Zhou X, Yang X. Repellent, Insecticidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Leaf Essential Oils from Three Eucalyptus Species. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900580. [PMID: 31913571 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Developing effective and eco-friendly antimicrobials and pesticides has become a highly important issue. The repellent, insecticidal and antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) isolated by hydrodistillation from dried leaves of the three Eucalyptus species (E. cloeziana, E. umbellata and E. benthamii) were investigated. During GC/MS analysis, α-pinene (47.36 %), 1,8-cineol (38.53 %) and α-pinene (35.31 %) were identified as major components of E. cloeziana, E. umbellata and E. benthamii, respectively. The EOs from E. cloeziana exhibited the longest effective protection time (465 min, at 50.0 % w/w) for humans among the EOs studied. The effective protection time was 30 min and 300 min at concentrations of 12.5 % (w/w) and 25.0 % (w/w), respectively. Fumigating insecticidal activity of EOs from three Eucalyptus species was tested by airtight fumigation in conical flask, which indicated that essential oils had a highly and rapidly insecticidal activity on Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. The antimicrobial activity of EOs was evaluated by using disc diffusion and agar dilution methods. There was no significant difference in the antibacterial activity of EOs from E. cloeziana and E. umbellate and they had the same MICs (20 mL/L) on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. E. benthamii had the worst microbial inhibitory effect among the three Eucalyptus essential oils and the MIC value for the test species is 40 mL/L except for Rhodotorula Harrison (10 mL/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Tian
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, P. R. China
| | - Fei Dong
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, P. R. China
| | - Xianchuang Zhou
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, P. R. China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, P. R. China.,Administration for Market Regulation of Pinggu District, Beijing, 101200, P. R. China
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Amylose Inclusion Complexes as Emulsifiers for Garlic and Asafoetida Essential Oils for Mosquito Control. INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10100337. [PMID: 31614606 PMCID: PMC6835272 DOI: 10.3390/insects10100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Although the insecticidal properties of some plant essential oils are well-documented, their use in integrated pest and vector management is complicated by their high volatility, low thermal stability, high sensitivity to oxidation, and low solubility in water. We investigated the use of bio-based N-1-hexadecylammonium chloride and sodium palmitate amylose inclusion complexes as emulsifiers for two essential oils, garlic and asafoetida, known to be highly toxic to mosquito larvae. Four emulsions of each essential oil based on amylose hexadecylammonium chloride and amylose sodium palmitate inclusion complexes were evaluated for their toxicity against Aedes aegypti L. larvae relative to bulk essential oils. All emulsions were significantly more toxic than the bulk essential oil with the lethal dosage ratios ranging from 1.09-1.30 relative to bulk essential oil. Droplet numbers ranged from 1.11 × 109 to 9.55 × 109 per mL and did not change significantly after a 6-month storage period. These findings demonstrated that amylose inclusion complexes enhanced the toxicity of essential oils and could be used to develop new essential oil based larvicides for use in integrated vector management.
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Sarma R, Adhikari K, Mahanta S, Khanikor B. Combinations of Plant Essential Oil Based Terpene Compounds as Larvicidal and Adulticidal Agent against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Sci Rep 2019; 9:9471. [PMID: 31263222 PMCID: PMC6602964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insecticidal plant-based compound(s)in combinations may show synergistic or antagonistic interactions against insect pest. Considering the rapid spread of the Aedes borne diseases and increasing resistance among Aedes population against conventional insecticides, twenty-eight combinations of plant essential oil-based terpene compounds were prepared and tested against larval and adult stages ofAedes aegypti. Initially five plant essential oils (EOs) were assessed for their larvicidal and adulticidal efficacy and two of their major compounds from each EO were identified from GC-MS results. Identified major compounds namely Diallyldisulfide, Diallyltrisulfide, Carvone, Limonene, Eugenol, Methyl Eugenol, Eucalyptol, Eudesmol and α-pinene were purchased and tested individually against A. aegypti. Binary combinations of these compounds were then prepared using sub-lethal doses, tested and their synergistic and antagonistic effects were determined. The best larvicidal compositions were obtained while Limonene was mixed with Diallyldisulfide and the best adulticidal composition was obtained while Carvone was mixed with Limonene. Commercially used synthetic larvicide "Temephos" and adulticide "Malathion" were tested individually and in binary combinations with the terpene compounds. The results revealed that the combination of Temephos and Diallyldisulfide and combination of Malathion and Eudesmol were the most effective combination. These effective combinations bear potential prospect to be used against Aedes aegypti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riju Sarma
- Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kamal Adhikari
- Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sudarshana Mahanta
- Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bulbuli Khanikor
- Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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Muturi EJ, Doll K, Berhow M, Flor-Weiler LB, Rooney AP. Honeysuckle essential oil as a potential source of ecofriendly larvicides for mosquito control. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2043-2048. [PMID: 30632272 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some plant essential oils have insecticidal properties against mosquitoes and can be harnessed as ecofriendly tools for mosquito control. We conducted bioassays to determine the toxicity of Italian honeysuckle (Lonicera caprifolium) essential oil and its fractions against larvae of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. RESULTS Sixteen constituents were identified in honeysuckle essential oil compared to 15, 15, 15, and 11 constituents in fractions A, B, C, and E, respectively. The chemical constituents for fraction D were not determined due to lack of enough fraction sample. The two major constituents identified were patchouli alcohol (29.3%) and 6-acetyl-1,1,2,4,4,7-hexamethyltetralin (20.6%) in whole essential oil, alpha-bulnesene (27.6%) and 6-acetyl-1,1,2,4,4,7-hexamethyltetralin (23.2%) in fraction A, unknown chemical (47.3%) and diethyl phthalate (19.5%) in fraction B, unknown chemical (38.3%) and diethyl phthalate (23.2%) in fraction C, and patchouli alcohol (58.7%) and diethyl phthalate (20.5%) in fraction E. The LC50 for whole essential oil was 34.4 ppm and significantly higher than 20.6, 19.7, 18.6, and 17.7 ppm for fractions B, C, D, and E, respectively. In contrast, fraction A was inactive. At 50 ppm, all individual constituents tested were less toxic than the whole essential oil with exception of patchouli alcohol, which caused 100% mortality. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that patchouli alcohol is one of the chemical constituents responsible for bioactivity of honeysuckle essential oil and some of its fractions. The findings also demonstrate that honey suckle essential oil and its fractions can be exploited as a source of ecofriendly larvicides for mosquito control. Published 2019. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephantus J Muturi
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth Doll
- Bio-Oils Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Mark Berhow
- Functional Foods Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Lina B Flor-Weiler
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Alejandro P Rooney
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA
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Muturi EJ, Doll K, Ramirez JL, Rooney AP. Bioactivity of Wild Carrot (Daucus carota, Apiaceae) Essential Oil Against Mosquito Larvae. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 56:784-789. [PMID: 30566578 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Invasive alien plants wreak havoc on native ecosystems and using them as a source of biopesticides could improve their management. We examined the toxicity of essential oil of wild carrot (also known as 'Queen Anne's Lace', Daucus carota Linnaeus), an aggressive invader throughout the United States, against Aedes aegypti L., Culex pipiens L., and Culex restuans Theobald larvae. Comparisons were made between essential oil extracted from umbels of local populations of wild carrot versus a commercial brand. Methyl isoeugenol (60.7%) was by far the most abundant constituent in commercial brand oil, whereas α-pinene (33.0%) and β-pinene (25.8%) were the dominant constituents in essential oil extracted from local wild carrot populations. The commercial brand essential oil was significantly more toxic to Cx. restuans larvae (LC50 = 44.4 ppm) compared with Cx. pipiens (LC50 = 51.0 ppm) and Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 54.5 ppm). Essential oil from local populations of wild carrot was significantly more toxic to both Cx. pipiens (LC50 = 42.9) and Cx. restuans (LC50 = 40.3) larvae compared with Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 64.6 ppm) larvae. Three of the nine tested chemical constituents of wild carrot essential oil (terpinolene, para cymene, and γ-terpinene) were consistently more toxic to larvae of the three mosquito species than the whole essential oil. These findings suggest that exploiting wild carrot essential oil and its chemical constituents as a biopesticide for mosquito control could be used as part of multifaceted approaches for controlling this invasive alien plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephantus J Muturi
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, University Street, Peoria, IL
| | - Kenneth Doll
- Bio-Oils Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Peoria, IL
| | - Jose L Ramirez
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, University Street, Peoria, IL
| | - Alejandro P Rooney
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, University Street, Peoria, IL
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Giatropoulos A, Kimbaris A, Michaelakis Α, Papachristos DP, Polissiou MG, Emmanouel N. Chemical composition and assessment of larvicidal and repellent capacity of 14 Lamiaceae essential oils against Aedes albopictus. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:1953-1964. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5892-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Thomas A, Mazigo HD, Manjurano A, Morona D, Kweka EJ. Evaluation of active ingredients and larvicidal activity of clove and cinnamon essential oils against Anopheles gambiae (sensu lato). Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:411. [PMID: 28874207 PMCID: PMC5585972 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquitoes are well-known vectors of many diseases including malaria and lymphatic filariasis. Uses of synthetic insecticides are associated with high toxicity, resistance, environmental pollution and limited alternative, effective synthetic insecticides. This study was undertaken to evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of clove and cinnamon essential oils against laboratory Anopheles gambiae (sensu stricto) and wild An. arabiensis larvae. METHODS The standard WHO guideline for larvicides evaluation was used, and the GC-MS machine was used for active compounds percentage composition analysis and structures identification. Probit regression analysis was used for LC50 and LC95 calculations while a t-test was used to test for significant differences between laboratory-reared and wild larvae populations in each concentration of plant extract. RESULTS Mortality effect of clove and cinnamon essential oils against wild and laboratory-reared larvae had variations indicated by their LC50 and LC95 values. The mortality at different concentrations of cinnamon and clove post-exposure for wild and laboratory-reared larvae were dosage-dependent and were higher for cinnamon than for clove essential oils. The mortality effect following exposure to a blend of the two essential oils was higher for blends containing a greater proportion of cinnamon oil. In the chemical analysis of the active ingredients of cinnamon essential oil, the main chemical content was Eugenol, and the rarest was β-Linalool while for clove essential oil, the main chemical content was Eugenol and the rarest was Bicyclo. CONCLUSION The essential oils showed a larvicidal effect which was concentration-dependent for both laboratory and wild collected larvae. The active ingredient compositions triggered different responses in mortality. Further research in small-scale should be conducted with concentrated extracted compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Thomas
- School of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Humphrey D. Mazigo
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Alphaxard Manjurano
- National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Domenica Morona
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Eliningaya J. Kweka
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Division of Livestock and Human Diseases Vector Control, Mosquito Section, Tropical Pesticides Research Institute, P.O. Box 3024, Arusha, Tanzania
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Castillo RM, Stashenko E, Duque JE. Insecticidal and Repellent Activity of Several Plant-Derived Essential Oils Against Aedes aegypti. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2017; 33:25-35. [PMID: 28388322 DOI: 10.2987/16-6585.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We examined the pupicidal, adulticidal, repellent, and oviposition-deterrent activities of essential oils (EOs) from Lippia alba, L. origanoides, Eucalyptus citriodora, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon flexuosus, Citrus sinensis , Cananga odorata , Swinglea glutinosa, and Tagetes lucida plants against Aedes aegypti under laboratory conditions. Pupicidal and adulticidal activities were assessed at exploratory concentrations of 250, 310, and 390 parts per million (ppm); and 30, 300, and 1,000 ppm, respectively. The greatest pupicidal activity was exhibited at 390 ppm with a 24-h exposure by L. origanoides, and 390 ppm with a 48-h exposure by Citrus sinensis . Lippia origanoides killed all adult mosquitoes at 300 ppm after 120 min of exposure. Only L. origanoides and E. citriodora EOs, applied at 1,000 ppm to human skin, produced the greatest repellency (100%) to host-seeking Ae. aegypti after 2 min of exposure; the repellency decreased between 12% and 10% after 15 min. Complete oviposition deterrence by gravid Ae. aegypti was observed for E. citriodora EOs at 200 ppm with an oviposition activity index of -1.00. These results confirm that the EOs assessed in this study have insecticidal, repellent, and oviposition-deterrent activities against the dengue vector, Ae. aegypti.
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Chauhan N, Malik A, Sharma S, Dhiman RC. Larvicidal potential of essential oils against Musca domestica and Anopheles stephensi. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:2223-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-4965-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Salvi D, Limaye S, Muralidharan V, Londhe J, Madas S, Juvekar S, Biswal S, Salvi S. Indoor Particulate Matter < 2.5 μm in Mean Aerodynamic Diameter and Carbon Monoxide Levels During the Burning of Mosquito Coils and Their Association With Respiratory Health. Chest 2016; 149:459-466. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-2554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Soonwera M. Efficacy of essential oil from Cananga odorata (Lamk.) Hook.f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) against three mosquito species Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). Parasitol Res 2015; 114:4531-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4699-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vera SS, Zambrano DF, Méndez-Sanchez SC, Rodríguez-Sanabria F, Stashenko EE, Duque Luna JE. Essential oils with insecticidal activity against larvae of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol Res 2014; 113:2647-54. [PMID: 24781026 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-3917-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Insecticidal activity of the essential oils (EOs) isolated from Tagetes lucida, Lippia alba, Lippia origanoides, Eucalyptus citriodora, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon flexuosus, Citrus sinensis, Swinglea glutinosa, and Cananga odorata aromatic plants, grown in Colombia (Bucaramanga, Santander), and of a mixture of L. alba and L. origanoides EOs were evaluated on Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti Rockefeller larvae. The EOs were extracted by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main components of the EOs were identified using their linear retention indices and mass spectra. The lethal concentrations (LCs) of the EOs were determined between the third and fourth instar of A. aegypti. LC50 was determined by probit analysis using mortality rates of bioassays. All essential oils tested showed insecticidal activity. The following values were obtained for C. flexuosus (LC50 = 17.1 ppm); C. sinensis (LC50 = 20.6 ppm); the mixture of L. alba and L. origanoides (LC50 = 40.1 ppm); L. alba (LC50 = 42.2 ppm); C. odorata (LC50 = 52.9 ppm); L. origanoides (LC50 = 53.3 ppm); S. glutinosa (LC50 = 65.7 ppm); T. lucida (LC50 = 66.2 ppm); E. citriodora (LC50 = 71.2 ppm); and C. citratus (LC50 = 123.3 ppm). The EO from C. flexuosus, with citral (geranial + neral) as main component, showed the highest larvicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Smith Vera
- Center for Research on Tropical Diseases (Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales-CINTROP), Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Montefuscoli AR, Werdin González JO, Palma SD, Ferrero AA, Fernández Band B. Design and development of aqueous nanoformulations for mosquito control. Parasitol Res 2013; 113:793-800. [PMID: 24292544 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microemulsions (ME) are thermodynamically stable isotropic mixtures of oil, water, and surfactant; they would also be attractive as potential insecticidal products due to the high bioviability of the active ingredient, attributable to the small sizes of the oil drops. A laboratory study was conducted in order to compare the biological effect of oil in water (o/w) geranium essential oil (EO) and geraniol MEs and emulsions, against Culex pipiens pipiens mosquito larvae. The systems were based on three nonionic surfactants (Cremophor EL, Brij 35, Tween 80). The MEs showed dispersed phase diameters in the range of 8 to 14 nm and had low PDI values (<0.2). The MEs were analyzed by TEM, indicating that they had nearly spherical morphology. The microemulsified systems based on geranium EO and those of geraniol produced a notable increase of the larvicidal activity when compared with the respectably emulsions, concluding that the biological effect is related with the diameter of the dispersed phase. The smallest drops achieved the highest larvicidal activity, being the aqueous nanoformulations based on geraniol most effective than those of geranium EO. However, geranium microemulsions are preferred due to their residual toxicological profiles. The results indicate that these novel systems could be used in integrated pest management program for the C. pipiens pipiens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonela Rita Montefuscoli
- FIA Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Section, INQUISUR (UNS-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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