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Jaouadi T, Hajji M, Kasmi M, Kallel A, Chatti A, Hamzaoui H, Mnif A, Tizaoui C, Trabelsi I. Aloe sp. leaf gel and water glass for municipal wastewater sludge treatment and odour removal. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:479-490. [PMID: 32385201 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aloe gel (Alg), which is a natural extract from the Aloe sp. plant, was evaluated in this study for its potential use as a bioflocculant to treat urban wastewater sewage sludge. The gel was used alone and combined with water glass (WG) under controlled conditions in laboratory experiments. Alg was found effective to settle the flocculated sludge rapidly and remove distinctive unpleasant odours of the sludge as highlighted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. Furthermore, Alg was pH tolerant and had no effect in changing the pH of the wastewater. The optimum dose of Alg was 3% at which a sludge volume index (SVI) of 45.4 mL/g was obtained within 30 min settling time. To enhance the treatment performances of Alg, WG was also evaluated as an alkali agent to further reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia (NH4-N) in the wastewater. At equal doses of 3% of WG and Alg each, the combined treatment outcomes showed high turbidity and NH4-N removals of 83 and 89%, respectively, but the overall COD removal was at best 25%. The settling rate of treated sludge with combined Alg/WG was very rapid giving an SVI of 25.4 mL/g within only 5 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thameur Jaouadi
- Office National de l'Assainissement (ONAS), Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratoire de Traitement et Valorisation des Rejets Hydriques (LTVRH), CERTE, Technopark of Borj-Cedria, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia and University of Carthage, Avenue de la Republique, P.O. Box 77, 1054 Amilcar, Tunis, Tunisia E-mail:
| | - Mounir Hajji
- Laboratoire de Valorisation des matériaux utiles, Centre national des sciences et recherche de matériaux University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mariam Kasmi
- Laboratoire de Traitement et Valorisation des Rejets Hydriques (LTVRH), CERTE, Technopark of Borj-Cedria, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia and University of Carthage, Avenue de la Republique, P.O. Box 77, 1054 Amilcar, Tunis, Tunisia E-mail:
| | - Amjad Kallel
- Laboratoire Eau-Energie-Environnement (3E), Sfax National School of Engineering, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelwaheb Chatti
- Laboratoire de Traitement et Valorisation des Rejets Hydriques (LTVRH), CERTE, Technopark of Borj-Cedria, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia and University of Carthage, Avenue de la Republique, P.O. Box 77, 1054 Amilcar, Tunis, Tunisia E-mail:
| | - Hichem Hamzaoui
- Laboratoire de Valorisation des matériaux utiles, Centre national des sciences et recherche de matériaux University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Adel Mnif
- Laboratoire de Valorisation des matériaux utiles, Centre national des sciences et recherche de matériaux University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chedly Tizaoui
- College of Engineering, Bay Campus, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Ismail Trabelsi
- Laboratoire de Traitement et Valorisation des Rejets Hydriques (LTVRH), CERTE, Technopark of Borj-Cedria, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia and University of Carthage, Avenue de la Republique, P.O. Box 77, 1054 Amilcar, Tunis, Tunisia E-mail:
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Yang Y, Yang M, Ai F, Huang C. Cardioprotective Effect of Aloe vera Biomacromolecules Conjugated with Selenium Trace Element on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 177:345-352. [PMID: 27873288 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0896-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cardioprotection potential and underlying molecular mechanism afforded by a selenium (Se) polysaccharide (Se-AVP) from Aloe vera in the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model of rats in vivo. Myocardial I/R injury was induced by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 30 min followed by 2-h continuous reperfusion. Pretreatment with Se-AVP (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) attenuated myocardial damage, as evidenced by reduction of the infarct sizes, increase in serum and myocardial endogenous antioxidants (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH), and catalase (CAT)), and decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the rats suffering I/R injury. This cardioprotective activity afforded by Se-AVP is further supported by the decreased levels of cardiac marker enzymes creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as the rise of myocardial Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activities in I/R rats. Additionally, cardiomyocytic apoptosis was measured by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and the result showed that the percent of TUNEL-positive cells in myocardium of Se-AVP-treated groups was lower than I/R rats. In conclusion, we clearly demonstrated that Se-AVP had a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury in rats by augmenting endogenous antioxidants and protecting rat hearts from oxidative stress-induced myocardial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Network Medical, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Network Medical, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Fen Ai
- Emergency Department, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Kang MC, Kim SY, Kim YT, Kim EA, Lee SH, Ko SC, Wijesinghe WAJP, Samarakoon KW, Kim YS, Cho JH, Jang HS, Jeon YJ. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of polysaccharide purified from aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis) gel. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 99:365-71. [PMID: 24274519 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potentials of a polysaccharide isolated from aloe vera gel were investigated. Enzymatic extracts were prepared from aloe vera gel by using ten digestive enzymes including five carbohydrases and five proteases. Among them, the highest yield was obtained with the Viscozyme extract and the same extract showed the best radical scavenging activity. An active polysaccharide was purified from the Viscozyme extract using ethanol-added separation and anion exchange chromatography. Purified aloe vera polysaccharide (APS) strongly scavenged radicals including DPPH, hydroxyl and alkyl radicals. In addition, APS showed a protective effect against AAPH-induced oxidative stress and cell death in Vero cells as well as in the in vivo zebrafish model. In this study, it is proved that both the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potentials of APS could be further utilized in relevant industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Cheol Kang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; Jeju Aloe Agriculture Association Cooperation, Sehwa-ri, Pyosun-myeon, Seogwipo, Jeju-do 690-1, Republic of Korea
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