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Sosa FM, Parada RB, Marguet ER, Vallejo M. Utilization of Agro-Industrial Byproducts for Bacteriocin Production Using Enterococcus spp. Strains Isolated from Patagonian Marine Invertebrates. Curr Microbiol 2021; 79:16. [PMID: 34905107 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This work's objective was to determine the antagonist activity of 11 Enterococcus spp. using industrial food wastes as a culture medium. The strains were isolated from invertebrates collected on the Argentinian Patagonia coast and selected by their high antibacterial activity. Phenotypic and genotypic techniques allowed identifying five E. hirae strains, five E. faecium strains, and one E. mundtii strain. The cell-free supernatants displayed inhibitory activity against most of the Gram-positive bacteria tested and Vibrio anguilarum. PCR amplification techniques detected the encoding genes of enterocin P in ten strains, mundtiicin KS in seven strains, enterocin B in six strains, hiracin JM79 in five strains, and enterocin A in three strains. The strains did not show gelatinase or hemolytic activities and were sensitive to gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tylosine, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and vancomycin. Cheese whey and hot trub derived from beer brewing were used alone or in combination to assay enterocin production. In all cases, the highest inhibitory activities were achieved when mixtures of both byproducts were used as growth medium. The results suggest that the selected strains can produce high levels of enterocins in a low-cost media composed of a mix of cheese whey and hot trub without additional supplementation with carbon or nitrogen sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco M Sosa
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina B Parada
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emilio R Marguet
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Marisol Vallejo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina.
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Ben Braïek O, Smaoui S. Enterococci: Between Emerging Pathogens and Potential Probiotics. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5938210. [PMID: 31240218 PMCID: PMC6556247 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5938210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Enterococci are ubiquitous microorganisms that could be found everywhere; in water, plant, soil, foods, and gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. They were previously used as starters in food fermentation due to their biotechnological traits (enzymatic and proteolytic activities) or protective cultures in food biopreservation due to their produced antimicrobial bacteriocins called enterocins or as probiotics, live cells with different beneficial characteristics such as stimulation of immunity, anti-inflammatory activity, hypocholesterolemic effect, and prevention/treatment of some diseases. However, in the last years, the use of enterococci in foods or as probiotics caused an important debate because of their opportunistic pathogenicity implicated in several nosocomial infections due to virulence factors and antibiotic resistance, particularly the emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. These virulence traits of some enterococci are associated with genetic transfer mechanisms. Therefore, the development of new enterococcal probiotics needs a strict assessment with regard to safety aspects for selecting the truly harmless enterococcal strains for safe applications. This review tries to give some data of the different points of view about this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Ben Braïek
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances (LR99ES27), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Slim Smaoui
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Biomolecules of the Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Tunisia
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Das R, Bulliyya G. Plant Polyphenolic Antioxidants in Management of Chronic Degenerative Diseases. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.24870/cjb.2017-a264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Isolation and characterisation of an enterocin P-producing Enterococcus lactis strain from a fresh shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2017; 110:771-786. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-0847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ben Said L, Hamdaoui M, Klibi A, Ben Slama K, Torres C, Klibi N. Diversity of species and antibiotic resistance in enterococci isolated from seafood in Tunisia. ANN MICROBIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-016-1246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Ghomrassi H, ben Braiek O, Choiset Y, Haertlé T, Hani K, Chobert JM, Ghrairi T. Evaluation of marine bacteriocinogenic enterococci strains with inhibitory activity against fish-pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2016; 118:31-43. [PMID: 26865233 DOI: 10.3354/dao02953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as probiotics may provide an alternative to the use of antibiotics in aquaculture. LAB strains isolated from wild fish viscera and skin were evaluated for bacteriocin production and safety aspects (lack of antibiotic resistance, production of virulence factors). 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the presence of Enterococcus faecium (13 isolates) and Lactococcus lactis (3 isolates) from fish samples. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analyses of the 13 enterococci isolates showed that they were all clustered, with greater than 95% similarity. However, RAPD analysis revealed significant molecular diversity between enterococci strains. Six enterococci strains were chosen and evaluated for their antibacterial activities. These strains produced a bacteriocin-like substance and exhibited a broad spectrum of inhibition against pathogenic bacteria isolated from diseased fish, including Streptococcus parauberis, Vagococcus spp., and Carnobacterium maltaromaticum, and in particular against the Gram-negative bacteria Flavobacterium frigidarium, Vibrio pectenicida, V. penaeicida, and Photobacterium damselae. The inhibition activity towards bacterial indicator strains was at a maximum when bacteria were grown at 37°C. However, bacteriocin production was observed at 15°C after 12 h of incubation. Only structural genes of enterocins A and B were detected by PCR in the 6 enterococci strains, suggesting the production of these enterocins. In addition, these strains did not harbor any virulence factors or any significant antibiotic resistance, and they tolerated bile. Our results suggest that enterococci are an important part of the bacterial flora of fish and that some strains have the potential to be used as probiotics.
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El-Jeni R, El Bour M, Calo-Mata P, Böhme K, Fernández-No IC, Barros-Velázquez J, Bouhaouala-Zahar B. In vitro probiotic profiling of novel Enterococcus faecium and Leuconostoc mesenteroides from Tunisian freshwater fishes. Can J Microbiol 2015; 62:60-71. [PMID: 26651241 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2015-0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Novel lactic acid bacteria isolated from different organs of freshwater fish were examined for their potential application as probiotics in raw and processed foods. Four isolates of Enterococcus faecium and Leuconostoc mesenteroides were identified at the molecular level by 16S rRNA sequencing and random amplification of polymorphic DNA - polymerase chain reaction, and their antimicrobial activity against a panel of pathogens and food-poisoning bacteria was investigated. The whole bacteriocins of the 4 isolates were characterized by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences in PCR. The isolates exhibited high inhibitory activities against food-borne pathogens and spoilage microbial species and have significant probiotic profiles, since they survived at pH 3.0 and in the presence of bile salts, pancreatin, and pepsin, without any detectable hemolytic activity. Further, moderate heat resistance, adhesion ability to steel surfaces, and sensitivity to clinically relevant antimicrobial agents were revealed for all the isolates. These results highlight the specific probiotic properties of the strains and give evidence for potential application in minimally processed foods subjected to moderate heat processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim El-Jeni
- a Laboratory of Microbiology and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Institut national des sciences et technologies de la mer (INSTM), rue 2 mars 1934, 2025 Salammbô, Tunisia.,b Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, 13 place Pasteur, B.P. 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Monia El Bour
- a Laboratory of Microbiology and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Institut national des sciences et technologies de la mer (INSTM), rue 2 mars 1934, 2025 Salammbô, Tunisia
| | - Pilar Calo-Mata
- c Laboratory of Food Technology, LHICA, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Karola Böhme
- c Laboratory of Food Technology, LHICA, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Inmaculada C Fernández-No
- c Laboratory of Food Technology, LHICA, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Jorge Barros-Velázquez
- c Laboratory of Food Technology, LHICA, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- b Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, 13 place Pasteur, B.P. 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.,d Medical School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 15 rue Djebel Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
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Bacteriocin production by lactic acid bacteria isolated from fish, seafood and fish products. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ghrairi T, Braiek OB, Hani K. Detection and characterization of a bacteriocin, putadicin T01, produced byPseudomonas putidaisolated from hot spring water. APMIS 2014; 123:260-8. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taoufik Ghrairi
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine of Sousse; University of Sousse; Sousse Tunisia
| | - Olfa Ben Braiek
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine of Sousse; University of Sousse; Sousse Tunisia
| | - Khaled Hani
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine of Sousse; University of Sousse; Sousse Tunisia
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