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Wang YJ, Li JJ, Zhou HJ, Liu GL, Zheng Y, Wei B, Zhang Y, Hao CX, Kang HQ, Yuan Y, Gao LJ. Surface electromyography as a measure of trunk muscle activity in patients with spinal cord injury: a meta-analytic review. J Spinal Cord Med 2016; 39:15-23. [PMID: 26496045 PMCID: PMC4725787 DOI: 10.1179/2045772315y.0000000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Surface electromyography (SEMG) may be a sensitive marker for distinguishing the activity of trunk muscles, which are critical to functional mobility recovery in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). OBJECTIVES This manuscript presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature on the effect of SEMG as a measure of trunk muscle activity in patients with SCI. METHODS A comprehensive search of the research literature included Pubmed, Medline, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, Web of Science, Elsevier, Wiley-Blackwell, Karger, OVID, and a review of reference lists within found articles. Case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies were included in the review. RESULTS Eleven studies were included in this meta-analysis. Trunk muscle activities for the sitting condition were greater in patients with SCI than normal subjects. SEMG activity of trunk muscles for the sitting condition and posterior transfer was greater in patients with high level (HL)-SCI compared to those with low level (LL)-SCI. In addition, across studies, the level of trunk muscle activity for various difficulty settings was different for a given SCI group. CONCLUSION This systematic review evaluated the value of trunk muscles for patients with SCI. We recommend use of SEMG as an assessment tool for improving the comparability and interpretability of trunk muscle activity of SCI therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jian-jun Li
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China,Correspondence to: Jian-jun Li, China Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-jun Zhou
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China
| | - Geng-lin Liu
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-xia Hao
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-qiong Kang
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-jun Gao
- Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, No. 10, Jiao Men Bei Lu, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100068, People's Republic of China
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Gierałtowski J, Ciuchciński K, Grzegorczyk I, Kośna K, Soliński M, Podziemski P. RS slope detection algorithm for extraction of heart rate from noisy, multimodal recordings. Physiol Meas 2015. [PMID: 26218763 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/8/1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Current gold-standard algorithms for heart beat detection do not work properly in the case of high noise levels and do not make use of multichannel data collected by modern patient monitors. The main idea behind the method presented in this paper is to detect the most prominent part of the QRS complex, i.e. the RS slope. We localize the RS slope based on the consistency of its characteristics, i.e. adequate, automatically determined amplitude and duration. It is a very simple and non-standard, yet very effective, solution. Minor data pre-processing and parameter adaptations make our algorithm fast and noise-resistant. As one of a few algorithms in the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2014, our algorithm uses more than two channels (i.e. ECG, BP, EEG, EOG and EMG). Simple fundamental working rules make the algorithm universal: it is able to work on all of these channels with no or only little changes. The final result of our algorithm in phase III of the Challenge was 86.38 (88.07 for a 200 record test set), which gave us fourth place. Our algorithm shows that current standards for heart beat detection could be improved significantly by taking a multichannel approach. This is an open-source algorithm available through the PhysioNet library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gierałtowski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, PL, Poland
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Gomi T, Nakajima M, Umeda T. Wavelet denoising for quantum noise removal in chest digital tomosynthesis. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2014; 10:75-86. [PMID: 24748209 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-014-1003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quantum noise impairs image quality in chest digital tomosynthesis (DT). A wavelet denoising processing algorithm for selectively removing quantum noise was developed and tested. METHODS A wavelet denoising technique was implemented on a DT system and experimentally evaluated using chest phantom measurements including spatial resolution. Comparison was made with an existing post-reconstruction wavelet denoising processing algorithm reported by Badea et al. (Comput Med Imaging Graph 22:309-315, 1998). The potential DT quantum noise decrease was evaluated using different exposures with our technique (pre-reconstruction and post-reconstruction wavelet denoising processing via the balance sparsity-norm method) and the existing wavelet denoising processing algorithm. Wavelet denoising processing algorithms such as the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), root mean square error (RMSE) were compared with and without wavelet denoising processing. Modulation transfer functions (MTF) were evaluated for the in-focus plane. We performed a statistical analysis (multi-way analysis of variance) using the CNR and RMSE values. RESULTS Our wavelet denoising processing algorithm significantly decreased the quantum noise and improved the contrast resolution in the reconstructed images (CNR and RMSE: pre-balance sparsity-norm wavelet denoising processing versus existing wavelet denoising processing, P<0.05; post-balance sparsity-norm wavelet denoising processing versus existing wavelet denoising processing, P<0.05; CNR: with versus without wavelet denoising processing, P<0.05). The results showed that although MTF did not vary (thus preserving spatial resolution), the existing wavelet denoising processing algorithm caused MTF deterioration. CONCLUSIONS A balance sparsity-norm wavelet denoising processing algorithm for removing quantum noise in DT was demonstrated to be effective for certain classes of structures with high-frequency component features. This denoising approach may be useful for a variety of clinical applications for chest digital tomosynthesis when quantum noise is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Gomi
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kitasato, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan,
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