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Ali M, Mohd Noor SNF, Mohamad H, Ullah F, Javed F, Abdul Hamid ZA. Advances in guided bone regeneration membranes: a comprehensive review of materials and techniques. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:032003. [PMID: 38224615 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad1e75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR) is a widely used technique in dentistry to facilitate the regeneration of damaged bone and tissue, which involves guiding materials that eventually degrade, allowing newly created tissue to take its place. This comprehensive review the evolution of biomaterials for guided bone regeneration that showcases a progressive shift from non-resorbable to highly biocompatible and bioactive materials, allowing for more effective and predictable bone regeneration. The evolution of biomaterials for guided bone regeneration GTR/GBR has marked a significant progression in regenerative dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Biomaterials used in GBR have evolved over time to enhance biocompatibility, bioactivity, and efficacy in promoting bone growth and integration. This review also probes into several promising fabrication techniques like electrospinning and latest 3D printing fabrication techniques, which have shown potential in enhancing tissue and bone regeneration processes. Further, the challenges and future direction of GTR/GBR are explored and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ali
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor
- Dental Stimulation and Virtual Learning, Research Excellence Consortium, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Hasmaliza Mohamad
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Faheem Ullah
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biopolymer Research Centre (BRC), National University of Medical Sciences, 46000, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Javed
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Butto Women University Peshawar, Charsadda Road Laramma, 25000, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Granat MM, Eifler-Zydel J, Kolmas J. Statins-Their Role in Bone Tissue Metabolism and Local Applications with Different Carriers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2378. [PMID: 38397055 PMCID: PMC10888549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Statins, widely prescribed for lipid disorders, primarily target 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase competitively and reversibly, resulting in reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). This mechanism proves effective in lowering the risk of lipid-related diseases such as ischemic cerebrovascular and coronary artery diseases. Beyond their established use, statins are under scrutiny for potential applications in treating bone diseases. The focus of research centers mainly on simvastatin, a lipophilic statin demonstrating efficacy in preventing osteoporosis and aiding in fracture and bone defect healing. Notably, these effects manifest at elevated doses (20 mg/kg/day) of statins, posing challenges for systematic administration due to their limited bone affinity. Current investigations explore intraosseous statin delivery facilitated by specialized carriers. This paper outlines various carrier types, characterizing their structures and underscoring various statins' potential as local treatments for bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Mateusz Granat
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Eifler-Zydel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Kolmas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
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Alsaeed MA, Al-Ghaban NM. Chitosan Nanoparticle/Simvastatin for Experimental Maxillary Bony Defect Healing: A Histological and Histomorphometrical Study. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:363. [PMID: 37622968 PMCID: PMC10452510 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials such as chitosan and simvastatin (Sim) have been introduced to accelerate the extensive and multicellular biological process of bone healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone healing potential of chitosan and Sim, alone or combined. Forty-two male New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups: chitosan nanoparticles (ChN), Sim and chitosan simvastatin nanoparticles (ChSimN). Two bony defects were created in the maxillary bone. The hole on the right side received one of the experimental materials, while the other side was assigned as the control and left to heal without any intervention. Bone specimens were collected at 2 and 4 weeks and then taken for histological and histomorphometrical analyses. The histological findings revealed that ChN possessed the highest number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts at weeks 2 and osteocytes after 4 weeks. There was a significant difference between the two healing periods regarding all bone parameters across all groups. ChN stood out as the only group that had a significant difference in the count of all bone cells between the two periods, thus having the best potential in promoting bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Alaa Alsaeed
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq;
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Ganesh SS, Anushikaa R, Swetha Victoria VS, Lavanya K, Shanmugavadivu A, Selvamurugan N. Recent Advancements in Electrospun Chitin and Chitosan Nanofibers for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050288. [PMID: 37233398 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of large segmental bone loss caused by fractures, osteomyelitis, and non-union results in expenses of around USD 300,000 per case. Moreover, the worst-case scenario results in amputation in 10% to 14.5% of cases. Biomaterials, cells, and regulatory elements are employed in bone tissue engineering (BTE) to create biosynthetic bone grafts with effective functionalization that can aid in the restoration of such fractured bones, preventing amputation and alleviating expenses. Chitin (CT) and chitosan (CS) are two of the most prevalent natural biopolymers utilized in the fields of biomaterials and BTE. To offer the structural and biochemical cues for augmenting bone formation, CT and CS can be employed alone or in combination with other biomaterials in the form of nanofibers (NFs). When compared with several fabrication methods available to produce scaffolds, electrospinning is regarded as superior since it enables the development of nanostructured scaffolds utilizing biopolymers. Electrospun nanofibers (ENFs) offer unique characteristics, including morphological resemblance to the extracellular matrix, high surface-area-to-volume ratio, permeability, porosity, and stability. This review elaborates on the recent strategies employed utilizing CT and CS ENFs and their biocomposites in BTE. We also summarize their implementation in supporting and delivering an osteogenic response to treat critical bone defects and their perspectives on rejuvenation. The CT- and CS-based ENF composite biomaterials show promise as potential constructions for bone tissue creation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shree Ganesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Ramprasad Anushikaa
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Venkadesan Sri Swetha Victoria
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Krishnaraj Lavanya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Abinaya Shanmugavadivu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
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Evaluation of Magnesium-Phosphate Particle Incorporation into Co-Electrospun Chitosan-Elastin Membranes for Skin Wound Healing. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20100615. [PMID: 36286439 PMCID: PMC9604583 DOI: 10.3390/md20100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Major challenges facing clinicians treating burn wounds are the lack of integration of treatment to wound, inadequate mechanical properties of treatments, and high infection rates which ultimately lead to poor wound resolution. Electrospun chitosan membranes (ESCM) are gaining popularity for use in tissue engineering applications due to their drug loading ability, biocompatibility, biomimetic fibrous structure, and antimicrobial characteristics. This work aims to modify ESCMs for improved performance in burn wound applications by incorporating elastin and magnesium-phosphate particles (MgP) to improve mechanical and bioactive properties. The following ESCMs were made to evaluate the individual components’ effects; (C: chitosan, CE: chitosan-elastin, CMg: chitosan-MgP, and CEMg: chitosan-elastin-MgP). Membrane properties analyzed were fiber size and structure, hydrophilic properties, elastin incorporation, MgP incorporation and in vitro release, mechanical properties, degradation profiles, and in vitro cytocompatibility with NIH3T3 fibroblasts. The addition of both elastin and MgP increased the average fiber diameter of CE (~400 nm), CMg (~360 nm), and CEMg (565 nm) compared to C (255 nm). Water contact angle analysis showed elastin incorporated membranes (CE and CEMg) had increased hydrophilicity (~50°) compared to the other groups (C and CMg, ~110°). The results from the degradation study showed mass retention of ~50% for C and CMg groups, compared to ~ 30% seen in CE and CEMg after 4 weeks in a lysozyme/PBS solution. CMg and CEMg exhibited burst-release behavior of ~6 µg/ml or 0.25 mM magnesium within 72 h. In vitro analysis with NIH3T3 fibroblasts showed CE and CEMg groups had superior cytocompatibility compared to C and CMg. This work has demonstrated the successful incorporation of elastin and MgP into ESCMs and allows for future studies on burn wound applications.
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Harnessing Therapeutic Potentials of Statins Using Nanofibrous Carriers. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2021; 2021:7265505. [PMID: 34764991 PMCID: PMC8577946 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7265505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are a wide category of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor drugs extensively prescribed for hypercholesterolemia. In fact, many studies showed beneficial effects of these agents on a variety of related illnesses, which include increased atherosclerotic plaque stability, decreased proliferation of vascular smooth muscle, platelet aggregation, the dampening of vascular inflammation, and also anabolic effects on bone tissue. Therefore, these drugs are considered as pleiotropic agents having different clinical applications other than those for which they were initially developed. Controlled drug delivery is an efficient way of delivery in tissue engineering. Amongst different controlled release formulations, nanofibers are a novel, alternative, widely used agent because of their unique properties. These include their sustained release of drug, a high drug-loading capacity, flexible shapes with a high surface-to-volume ratio, and superior porosity. Electrospinning is an economic and a simple method employed to produce nanofibers. In this report, studies related to statin nanofiber applications have been reviewed and their results have been summarized. Four different applications of statin nanofibers have been reported, including bone generation, endothelial stenosis and thrombosis, peripheral nerve injury, and anti-inflammatory action. Studies carried out both in vitro and in vivo showed effectiveness of statins in bone healing, aneurysm, and the healing of sciatic nerve injury. In addition, statins showed apoptosis effects and anti-inflammatory effects, with dose-dependent reduction of IL-6 and dose-independent reduction of TNF-α. Despite these promising results, validation via clinical trials is yet to be performed. The scope of statins in their pleiotropic range of actions is still not completely explored, and studies are still needed to enlighten different useful aspects of such drugs.
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Murali VP, Guerra FD, Ghadri N, Christian JM, Stein SH, Jennings JA, Smith RA, Bumgardner JD. Simvastatin loaded chitosan guided bone regeneration membranes stimulate bone healing. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:877-884. [PMID: 33830521 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Electrospun chitosan membranes (ESCM) modified with short-chain fatty acids have the ability to control the release of simvastatin (SMV), an anti-cholesterol drug with osteogenic potential, for guided bone regeneration (GBR) applications. This study evaluated in vivo osteogenic effects of rapid short release of SMV (4 weeks) vs long sustained release (8 weeks) from acetic anhydride (AA)-and hexanoic anhydride (HA)-modified ESCMs, respectively. METHODS AA ESCMs loaded with 10 or 50 µg SMV and HA ESCMs loaded with 50 µg SMV were evaluated for biocompatibility and bone formation at 4 and 8 weeks, in 5 mm critical size rat calvarial defects, using histological evaluation and micro-CT analysis. RESULTS No severe inflammatory response was noticed around the ESCMs. Less hydrophobic AA membranes showed signs of resorption by week 4 and were almost completely resorbed by week 8 whereas the more hydrophobic HA membranes resorbed slowly, remaining intact over 8 weeks. In micro-CT analysis, 10 µg SMV-loaded AA membranes did not show significant bone formation as compared to non-loaded AA membranes at either evaluation time points. 50 µg SMV-loaded AA membranes stimulated significantly more bone formation than non-loaded AA membranes by week 4 (%bone = 31.0 ± 5.9% (AA50) vs 18.5 ± 13.7% (AA0)) but showed no difference at week 8. HA membranes with 50 µg SMV showed significantly more bone formation as compared to corresponding non-loaded membranes by week 8 (%bone = 61.7 ± 8.9% (HA50) vs 33.9 ± 29.7% (HA0)), though such an effect was not significant at week 4. CONCLUSION These results indicate that modified ESCMs may be used to control the release of SMV and promote bone healing in GBR applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Priya Murali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Fernanda D Guerra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Najib Ghadri
- College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - James M Christian
- College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sidney H Stein
- College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jessica A Jennings
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Richard A Smith
- Orthopedic Surgery & Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joel D Bumgardner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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Toullec C, Le Bideau J, Geoffroy V, Halgand B, Buchtova N, Molina-Peña R, Garcion E, Avril S, Sindji L, Dube A, Boury F, Jérôme C. Curdlan-Chitosan Electrospun Fibers as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040526. [PMID: 33578913 PMCID: PMC7916722 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides have received a lot of attention in biomedical research for their high potential as scaffolds owing to their unique biological properties. Fibrillar scaffolds made of chitosan demonstrated high promise in tissue engineering, especially for skin. As far as bone regeneration is concerned, curdlan (1,3-β-glucan) is particularly interesting as it enhances bone growth by helping mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, by favoring their differentiation into osteoblasts and by limiting the osteoclastic activity. Therefore, we aim to combine both chitosan and curdlan polysaccharides in a new scaffold for bone regeneration. For that purpose, curdlan was electrospun as a blend with chitosan into a fibrillar scaffold. We show that this novel scaffold is biodegradable (8% at two weeks), exhibits a good swelling behavior (350%) and is non-cytotoxic in vitro. In addition, the benefit of incorporating curdlan in the scaffold was demonstrated in a scratch assay that evidences the ability of curdlan to express its immunomodulatory properties by enhancing cell migration. Thus, these innovative electrospun curdlan–chitosan scaffolds show great potential for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Toullec
- CRCINA, SFR ICAT, University Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, F-49000 Angers, France; (C.T.); (N.B.); (R.M.-P.); (E.G.); (S.A.); (L.S.)
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM-UR, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean Le Bideau
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Valerie Geoffroy
- INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, ONIRIS, Université de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France; (V.G.); (B.H.)
- UFR Odontologie, Université de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France
| | - Boris Halgand
- INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, ONIRIS, Université de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France; (V.G.); (B.H.)
- UFR Odontologie, Université de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, F-44093 Nantes, France
| | - Nela Buchtova
- CRCINA, SFR ICAT, University Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, F-49000 Angers, France; (C.T.); (N.B.); (R.M.-P.); (E.G.); (S.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Rodolfo Molina-Peña
- CRCINA, SFR ICAT, University Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, F-49000 Angers, France; (C.T.); (N.B.); (R.M.-P.); (E.G.); (S.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Emmanuel Garcion
- CRCINA, SFR ICAT, University Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, F-49000 Angers, France; (C.T.); (N.B.); (R.M.-P.); (E.G.); (S.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Sylvie Avril
- CRCINA, SFR ICAT, University Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, F-49000 Angers, France; (C.T.); (N.B.); (R.M.-P.); (E.G.); (S.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Laurence Sindji
- CRCINA, SFR ICAT, University Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, F-49000 Angers, France; (C.T.); (N.B.); (R.M.-P.); (E.G.); (S.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Admire Dube
- School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Frank Boury
- CRCINA, SFR ICAT, University Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, F-49000 Angers, France; (C.T.); (N.B.); (R.M.-P.); (E.G.); (S.A.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (C.J.)
| | - Christine Jérôme
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM-UR, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (C.J.)
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Murali VP, Fujiwara T, Gallop C, Wang Y, Wilson JA, Atwill MT, Kurakula M, Bumgardner JD. Modified electrospun chitosan membranes for controlled release of simvastatin. Int J Pharm 2020; 584:119438. [PMID: 32433935 PMCID: PMC7501838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan nanofibrous membranes have immense potential in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications because of their increased surface area, high degree of biocompatibility, and their ability to mimic the extracellular matrix. However, their use is often limited due to their extreme hydrophilic nature causing them to lose their nanofibrous structure in vivo. In the present study, chitosan membranes were modified either by acylation reactions using fatty acids of different chain lengths or tert-butyloxycarbonyl (tBOC) protecting groups to increase the hydrophobicity of the membranes and protect the nanofibrous structure. The modified membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle and elemental analysis to confirm the addition of the modification groups. These membranes were then evaluated to control the release of a hydrophobic osteogenic drug-simvastatin (SMV). The interaction between SMV and the polymer was determined using molecular modeling. Pure SMV and SMV loaded membranes were examined for their in vitro cytotoxicity and osteogenic potential using preosteoblast mouse bone marrow stromal cells. From results, it was evident that as the fatty acid chain length increased from two to six methylene groups, the hydrophobicity of the membranes increased (59.2 ± 8.2° to 94.3 ± 8.5° water contact angle). The amount of drug released from the membranes could be controlled by changing the amount of initial drug loaded and/or the type of modifications. After 4 weeks, for a 500 μg loading, the short chain fatty acid modified membranes released 17.8 ± 3.2% of the drug whereas a long chain fatty acid released only 4.8 ± 0.8%. Similarly, for a 50 μg loading, short chain modified membranes released more (73.3 ± 33.3%) of the loaded drug as compared to the long chain membranes (43.0 ± 3.5%). The long chain fatty acid membranes released SMV for extended time periods of up to 90 days. This data was further supported by molecular modeling, which revealed that SMV was more compatible with more hydrophobic membranes. Cell studies showed that pure SMV from 75 to 600 ng/ml range possessed osteogenic potential in a dose dependent manner and the amount of SMV released from the most hydrophobic FA treated membranes was not cytotoxic and supported osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, this study demonstrates our ability to control the release of a hydrophobic drug from modified chitosan membranes as per the clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Priya Murali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
| | - Tomoko Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Caleb Gallop
- Department of Chemistry, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Jack A Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | | | - Mallesh Kurakula
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Joel D Bumgardner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
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Rezk AI, Bhattarai DP, Park J, Park CH, Kim CS. Polyaniline-coated titanium oxide nanoparticles and simvastatin-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) composite nanofibers scaffold for bone tissue regeneration application. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 192:111007. [PMID: 32388027 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers loaded with polyaniline coated titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2/PANI) and simvastatin (SIM) drug were produced by the electrospinning method. As-prepared samples were investigated in terms of morphology characterization, mechanical properties, physiochemical properties, drug release, biomimetic mineralization, and biocompatibility. in vitro drug release studies were conducted in the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at pH 7.4. The results suggest that varying the concentrations of TiO2/PANI nanoparticles could change the rate of drug release. The release mechanism was studied using several kinetic models, including the Higuchi model, the Hixson-Crowell model, and the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, to clarify the mechanism of SIM release from the composite nanofibers. The assessment of in vitro mineralization of the composite nanofibers for the growth of hydroxyapatite was performed in simulated body fluid (SBF). Field scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imagery and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses indicated that after soaking in SBF, a hydroxyapatite layer was formed on the surface of the nanofibrous webs. These novel composite nanofibers release simvastatin in a controlled manner with profound cell proliferation and attachment compared to that in pure PCL nanofiber, which indicates their potential for bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman I Rezk
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Deval Prasad Bhattarai
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Amrit Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jeesoo Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol Sang Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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Kalani MM, Nourmohammadi J, Negahdari B, Rahimi A, Sell SA. Electrospun core-sheath poly(vinyl alcohol)/silk fibroin nanofibers with Rosuvastatin release functionality for enhancing osteogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 99:129-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Sofi HS, Ashraf R, Khan AH, Beigh MA, Majeed S, Sheikh FA. Reconstructing nanofibers from natural polymers using surface functionalization approaches for applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery and biosensing devices. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 94:1102-1124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kalantari K, Afifi AM, Jahangirian H, Webster TJ. Biomedical applications of chitosan electrospun nanofibers as a green polymer - Review. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 207:588-600. [PMID: 30600043 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review outlines new developments in the biomedical applications of environmentally friendly ('green') chitosan and chitosan-blend electrospun nanofibers. In recent years, research in functionalized nanofibers has contributed to the development of new drug delivery systems and improved scaffolds for regenerative medicine, which is currently one of the most rapidly growing fields in all of the life sciences. Chitosan is a biopolymer with non-toxic, antibacterial, biodegradable and biocompatible properties. Due to these properties, they are widely applied for biomedical applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering scaffolds, wound dressings, and antibacterial coatings. Electrospinning is a novel technique for chitosan nanofiber fabrication. These nanofibers can be used in unique applications in biomedical fields due to their high surface area and porosity. The present work reviews recent reports on the biomedical applications of chitosan-based nanofibers in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoon Kalantari
- Centre of Advanced Materials (CAM), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Amalina M Afifi
- Centre of Advanced Materials (CAM), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hossein Jahangirian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 313 Snell Engineering Center, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 313 Snell Engineering Center, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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