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Slomiany BL, Slomiany A. Role of LPS-elicited signaling in triggering gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to H. pylori: modulatory effect of ghrelin. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 25:415-429. [PMID: 28516374 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori is a primary culprit in the etiology of gastric disease, and its cell-wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is recognized as a potent endotoxin responsible for triggering a pattern of the mucosal inflammatory responses. The engagement by the LPS of gastric mucosal Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) leads to initiation of signal transduction events characterized by the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, induction of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC)/protein kinase C (PKC)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, and up-regulation in Src/Akt. These signaling events in turn exert their influence over H. pylori-elicited excessive generation of NO and PGE2 caused by the disturbances in nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase isozyme systems, increase in epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation, and the induction in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) release. Interestingly, the extent of gastric mucosal inflammatory response to H. pylori is influenced by a peptide hormone, ghrelin, the action of which relays on the growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a (GHS-R1a)-mediated mobilization of G-protein dependent transduction pathways. Yet, the signals triggered by TLR-4 activation as well as those arising through GHS-R1a stimulation converge at MAPK and PLC/PKC/PI3K pathways that form a key integration node for proinflammatory signals generated by H. pylori LPS as well as for those involved in modulation of inflammation by ghrelin. Hence, therapeutic targeting these signals' convergence and integration node could provide a novel and attractive opportunities for developing more effective treatments of H. pylori-related gastric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Slomiany
- Research Center, C855, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ, 07103-2400, USA
| | - A Slomiany
- Research Center, C855, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ, 07103-2400, USA.
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Chen YJ, Ching WC, Chen JS, Lee TY, Lu CT, Chou HC, Lin PY, Khoo KH, Chen JH, Chen YJ. Decoding the S-Nitrosoproteomic Atlas in Individualized Human Colorectal Cancer Tissues Using a Label-Free Quantitation Strategy. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:4942-58. [DOI: 10.1021/pr5002675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Chen
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute
of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Ching
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Shiun Chen
- Colorectal
Section, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School
of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Yi Lee
- Department
of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tsung Lu
- Department
of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-Yi Lin
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute
of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Han Chen
- Translation
Medicine Lab, Cancer Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Balaganur V, Pathak NN, Lingaraju MC, More AS, Latief N, Kumari RR, Kumar D, Tandan SK. Chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of S-methylisothiourea, an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in cartilage and synovial explants model of osteoarthritis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 66:1021-31. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To study the chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory potential of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor S-methylisothiourea (SMT) in in-vitro model.
Methods
Rabbit cartilage explants were stimulated with recombinant human interleukin 1β (rhIL-1β), and the chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of SMT were investigated. Rat synovial explants were stimulated with LPS, and the anti-inflammatory effect of SMT on synovium was studied. To examine the role of SMT in synovial inflammation mediated cartilage damage, LPS stimulated synovial explants were cultured with dead cartilage with or without SMT for 72 h. The culture medium was analysed for sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and hydroxyproline as measure of proteoglycans and collagen degradation, respectively.
Key findings
SMT significantly reduced GAGs, hydroxyproline, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), prostaglindin E2 (PGE2) and nitrite release in stimulated rabbit cartilage media indicating chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of SMT in osteoarthritis (OA). Stimulated synovial explants caused release of nitrite, PGE2, IL-1β and TNF-α in the medium which were significantly reduced by SMT indicating its anti-inflammatory action. SMT significantly reduced GAGs and hydroxyproline in medium and shown protective effect against synovium-mediated cartilage damage.
Conclusions
SMT inhibited cartilage degradation, synovial inflammation and synovium-mediated cartilage damage, suggesting that SMT may be an agent for pharmacological intervention in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkanna Balaganur
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Nitya Nand Pathak
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
| | | | - Amar Sunil More
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Najeeb Latief
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Rashmi Rekha Kumari
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Surendra K Tandan
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, UP, India
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Slomiany BL, Slomiany A. Induction in gastric mucosal prostaglandin and nitric oxide by Helicobacter pylori is dependent on MAPK/ERK-mediated activation of IKK-β and cPLA2: modulatory effect of ghrelin. Inflammopharmacology 2013; 21:241-51. [PMID: 23563696 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-013-0169-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the key factors defining the extent of gastric mucosal inflammatory involvement in response to Helicobacter pylori is the excessive generation of prostaglandin (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO), caused by the overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and triggered by the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38 and ERK, and nuclear translocation of the cognate transcription factors. In this study, we report on the role of MAPK/ERK in the regulation of H. pylori LPS-induced gastric mucosal expression of COX-2 and iNOS. We show that ERK activation by the LPS leads to phosphorylation of the inhibitory κB kinase-β (IKK-β) and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), and is reflected in the upsurge in NF-κB nuclear translocation, induction in COX-2 and iNOS expression, and up-regulation in cPLA2 activity. The modulatory effect of peptide hormone, ghrelin, on the LPS-induced changes, although associated with further enhancement in ERK, IKK-β, and cPLA2 phosphorylation, was reflected in the suppression of IKK-β and cPLA2 activity through S-nitrosylation. While the effect of ghrelin on S-nitrosylation was susceptible to suppression by the inhibitors of Src/Akt pathway, the inhibition of ERK activation caused the blockage in IKK-β and cPLA2 phosphorylation as well as S-nitrosylation. Taken together, our data show that H. pylori-induced ERK activation plays a critical role in up-regulation of gastric mucosal PGE2 and NO generation at the level of IKK-β and cPLA2 activation, and that ghrelin counters these proinflammatory consequences of the LPS through Src/Akt-dependent S-nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Slomiany
- Research Center, UMDNJ-NJ Dental School, Room C875, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ 07103-2400, USA.
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Slomiany BL, Slomiany A. Induction in gastric mucosal prostaglandin and nitric oxide by Helicobacter pylori is dependent on MAPK/ERK-mediated activation of IKK-β and cPLA2: modulatory effect of ghrelin. Inflammopharmacology 2013. [DOI: 110.1007/s10787-013-0169-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Slomiany BL, Slomiany A. Involvement of p38 MAPK-dependent activator protein (AP-1) activation in modulation of gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to Helicobacter pylori by ghrelin. Inflammopharmacology 2012; 21:67-78. [PMID: 22669511 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-012-0141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A peptide hormone, ghrelin, plays an important role in modulation of gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to Helicobacter pylori infection by controlling the cross-talk between nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme systems. In this study, we report that H. pylori LPS-elicited induction in gastric mucosal COX-2 and inducible (i) iNOS protein expression, and the impairment in constitutive (c) cNOS phosphorylation, was associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 activation, and occurred with the involvement of transcription factors, CCATT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) δ, cAMP response element-binding protein, activator protein-1 (AP-1), and NF-κB. The modulatory effect of ghrelin on the LPS-induced changes was manifested in the inhibition of nuclear translocation of p65 NF-κB and C/EBPδ, and suppression in AP-1 activation, and the inhibition in phosphorylation of JNK and p38, as well as their respective downstream targets, c-Jun and ATF-2. However, only the inhibition of p38-mediated ATF-2 phosphorylation was reflected in the reduced expression of COX-2 protein. Further, the effect of ghrelin of the LPS-induced changes was reflected in the increase in Src/Akt-dependent cNOS activation through phosphorylation and the inhibition of cNOS-mediated IKK-β S-nitrosylation. Our findings indicate ghrelin counters the proinflammatory consequences of H. pylori by interfering with the p38/ATF-2-induced AP-1 activation in association with concurrent up-regulation in Src/Akt-dependent cNOS phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Slomiany
- Research Center, Room C875, UMDNJ-NJ Dental School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ 07103-2400, USA.
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