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Awori J, Friedman SD, Chan T, Howard C, Seslar S, Soriano BD, Buddhe S. 3D models improve understanding of congenital heart disease. 3D Print Med 2021; 7:26. [PMID: 34471999 PMCID: PMC8411549 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-021-00115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Understanding congenital heart disease (CHD) is vital for medical personnel and parents of affected children. While traditional 2D schematics serve as the typical approach used, several studies have shown these models to be limiting in understanding complex structures. Recent world-emphasis has shifted to 3D printed models as a complement to 2D imaging to bridge knowledge and create new opportunities for experiential learning. We sought to systematically compare 3D digital and physical models for medical personnel and parent education compared to traditional methods. Methods 3D printed and digital models were made out of MRI and CT data for 20 common CHD. Fellows and nurse practitioners used these models to explore intra-cardiac pathologies following traditional teaching. The models were also used for parent education in outpatient settings after traditional education. The participants were then asked to fill out a Likert scale questionnaire to assess their understanding and satisfaction with different teaching techniques. These ratings were compared using paired t-tests and Pearson’s correlation. Results Twenty-five medical personnel (18 fellows; 2 nurses; 4 nurse practitioners and one attending) and twenty parents participated in the study. The diagnosis varied from simple mitral valve pathology to complex single ventricle palliation. Parent and medical personnel perceived understanding with digital models was significantly higher than traditional (p = 0.01). Subjects also felt that physical models were overall more useful than digital ones (p = 0.001). Physicians using models for parent education also perceived the models to be useful, not significantly impacting their clinical workflow. Conclusions 3D models, both digital and printed, enhance medical personnel and parental perceived understanding of CHD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41205-021-00115-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Awori
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Seth D Friedman
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Titus Chan
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher Howard
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steve Seslar
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian D Soriano
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sujatha Buddhe
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
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White E, McMahon M, Walsh M, Coffey JC, Walsh L, Walsh D, O'Sullivan L. 3D modelling of non-intestinal colorectal anatomy. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2018; 14:73-82. [PMID: 30244306 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-018-1863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a paucity of methods to model soft anatomical tissues. Accurate modelling of these tissues can be difficult with current medical imaging technology. METHODS The aim of this research was to develop a methodology to model non-intestinal colorectal tissues that are not readily identifiable radiologically to enhance contextual understanding of these tissues and inform medical device design. The models created were used to inform the design of a novel medical device to separate the mesocolon from the retroperitoneum during resection of the colon. We modelled the peritoneum and the mesentery. The mesentery was used to indicate the location of Toldt's fascia. RESULTS We generated a point cloud dataset using cryosection images as the target anatomy is more visible than in CT or MRI images. The thickness of the mesentery could not be accurately determined as point cloud data do not have thickness. A denser point cloud detailing the mesenteric boundaries could be used to address this. CONCLUSIONS Expert anatomical and surgical insight and point cloud data modelling methods can be used to model soft tissues. This research enhances the overall understanding of the mesentery and Toldt's fascia in the human specimen which is necessary for medical device innovations for colorectal surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin White
- School of Design, University of Limerick, F2-022 Foundation Building, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - Muireann McMahon
- School of Design, University of Limerick, F2-022 Foundation Building, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - Michael Walsh
- School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland.,Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - J Calvin Coffey
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland.,Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - Leon Walsh
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - Dara Walsh
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - Leonard O'Sullivan
- School of Design, University of Limerick, F2-022 Foundation Building, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland. .,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
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Assessment of Structural and Functional Abnormalities of the Myocardium and the Ascending Aorta in Fetus with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2616729. [PMID: 26981527 PMCID: PMC4770132 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2616729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aims. To detect anatomical and intrinsic histopathological features of the ascending aorta and left ventricular (LV) myocardium and evaluate right ventricular (RV) function in fetuses with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). Methods. Twenty-five fetuses diagnosed with HLHS were followed up in the antenatal and postpartum periods. 12 necropsy heart specimens were analyzed for morphological and histological changes. Results. Prenatal echocardiography and pathologic anatomy displayed the typical characteristics of HLHS as a severe underdevelopment of the LV in the form of mitral stenosis or atresia or as aortic atresia or stenosis, with a decreased ratio of aortic diameter to pulmonary artery diameter (median of 0.49 with a range of 0.24 to 0.69, p ≤ 0.001) and a higher ratio of RV diameter to LV diameter (median of 2.44 with a range of 1.33 to 6.25, p ≤ 0.001). The RV volume, stroke volume, and cardiac output in HLHS fetuses were increased compared with the gestational age-matched normal controls (p < 0.01). Histological changes in the 12 HLHS specimens included LV myocardial fibrosis, aortic elastic fragmentation, and fibrosis. Conclusions. In addition to severe anatomical deformity, distinct histological abnormalities in the LV myocardium and aortic wall were identified in the fetuses with HLHS. RV function damage may be potentially exists.
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