Analysis of genetic relationships and identification of lily cultivars based on inter-simple sequence repeat markers

Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.) by ISSR markers

ISSR (Inter simple sequence repeat) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity and population structure in 53 indigenous and exotic genotypes of gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.). Molecular markers analysis showed PIC ranges from 0.42 (ISSR 861) to 0.99 (ISSR 855, ISSR 856 and ISSR 889) with an average 0.812, marker index ranged from 0.99 (ISSR 889) to 9.26 (ISSR 851) with an average 4.66 and resolving power of the primers ranged from 0.03 (ISSR 889) to 11.58 (ISSR 861) with an average value 3.80. The dendrogram based UPGMA clustering showed that all the 53 genotypes grouped into three main clusters. Nei's gene diversity (Na) varied from 0.929 to 1.717, effective number of alleles (Ne) varied from 1.262 to 1.369, Shannon's information index (I) ranged from 0.251 to 0.359 and gene diversity (He) was in the range from 0.167 to 0.229. Population structure analysis revealed three groups in which 32 genotypes were admixture types.

Utilization of UPLC/Q-TOF-MS-Based Metabolomics and AFLP-Based Marker-Assisted Selection to Facilitate/Assist Conventional Breeding of Polygala tenuifolia

As one of the most important traditional Chinese medicine, the quality of Polygala tenuifolia is difficult to control and a new method must be established to facilitate/assist the breeding of P. tenuifolia. In this study, UPLC/Q-TOF-MS-based metabolomics analysis was performed to determine the chemical composition and screen metabolite biomarkers according to agronomic traits. A total of 29 compounds and 18 metabolite biomarkers were found. AFLP-based marker-assisted selection (MAS) was used to identify molecular marker bands and screen characteristic bands associated with specific agronomic traits. 184 bands and 76 characteristic AFLP bands were found. The correlation network between compounds and characteristic AFLP bands was built, so we may directly breed certain P. tenuifolia herbs with special agronomic traits (or characteristic AFLP bands), which exhibit specific pharmacological functions depending on the content of the active compounds. The proposed method of metabolomics coupled with MAS could facilitate/assist the breeding of P. tenuifolia.