1
|
Purification, Identification and Neuroprotective Effects of Proteins from Bombyx batryticatus in Glu-Stimulated PC12 Cells. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9090236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx batryticatus (BB) is one of the most commonly used Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) in the treatment of convulsions and epilepsy. The antiepileptic effects of total proteins from BB (BBPs) have been proven in our previous research. In this study, BBPs were further purified, the neuroprotective effects were evaluated in Glu-stimulated PC12 cells, and the structure was identified by Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Six subfractions (PF-1 to PF-6) were obtained by DEAE-52 Sepharose FF ion-exchange chromatography. It was found that PF-1, PF-2, and PF-3, with similar protein compositions, possessed neuroprotective effects in Glu-stimulated PC12 cells by significantly increasing the GABA level, and decreasing the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. The most active fraction (PF-2) was further separated by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration chromatography, and an effective protein component named PF-2-2 was obtained. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled PF-2-2 (FITC-PF-2-2) was prepared, and the binding of FITC-F-2-2 to the PC12 cells was directly observed with a confocal microscope. PF-2-2 was found to first bind to the surface of PC12 cells and then internalize into the cells. The main band of PF-2-2 was then analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS and searched in the MASCOT database; finally a protein named Low molecular mass 30 kDa lipoprotein 21G1 was identified. In conclusion, PF-2-2 and purified proteins isolated from BBPs have potential application prospects in the treatment of epilepsy.
Collapse
|
2
|
Bombyx batryticatus Cocoonase Inhibitor Separation, Purification, and Inhibitory Effect on the Proliferation of SMCC-7721 HeLa-Derived Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4064829. [PMID: 35747381 PMCID: PMC9213135 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4064829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study was to isolate and purify Bombyx batryticatus cocoonase inhibitor (BBCI) and to evaluate its inhibitory effect on the proliferation of SMCC-7721 cells. BBCI was purified from the crude proteins of Bombyx batryticatus using affinity chromatography with cocoonase as the ligand, its N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined using the Edman degradation method, and its inhibiting activity on SMCC-7721 cell proliferation was detected in vitro using the MTT method and in vivo in tumor-bearing nude mice. The purified BBCI presented as a single band in SDS-PAGE, the molecular weight determined by time-of-flight mass spectrometry was 13,973.63 Da, and its N-terminal amino acid sequence was VRNKRQSNDD. BBCI was a noncompetitive cocoonase inhibitor with an average Michaelis constant of 76.50, and it inhibited cocoonase activity with an inhibition ratio of 1 : 1 (molar). BBCI could inhibit the proliferation of SMCC-7721 cells in vitro with the IC50 being about 260.52 μg/ml within 36 h of treatment and inhibit the SMCC-7721 tumor growth in nude mice by subcutaneous injection of BBCI around the tumor, where the tumor inhibitory effect was dose dependent. BBCI did not significantly influence the spleen coefficient of the mice. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report that BBCI, which was purified from Bombyx batryticatus, was a serine proteinase inhibitor with antitumor activity.
Collapse
|
3
|
Bombyx batryticatus Protein-Rich Extract Induces Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Th1 Polarization: A Potential Immunological Adjuvant for Cancer Vaccine. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020476. [PMID: 33477499 PMCID: PMC7831066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx batryticatus, a protein-rich edible insect, is widely used as a traditional medicine in China. Several pharmacological studies have reported the anticancer activity of B. batryticatus extracts; however, the capacity of B. batryticatus extracts as immune potentiators for increasing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy is still unverified. In the present study, we investigated the immunomodulatory role of B. batryticatus protein-rich extract (BBPE) in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and DC vaccine-immunized mice. BBPE-treated BMDCs displayed characteristics of mature immune status, including high expression of surface molecules (CD80, CD86, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I, and MHC-II), increased production of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-12p70), enhanced antigen-presenting ability, and reduced endocytosis. BBPE-treated BMDCs promoted naive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell proliferation and activation. Furthermore, BBPE/ovalbumin (OVA)-pulsed DC-immunized mice showed a stronger OVA-specific multifunctional T-cell response in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and a stronger Th1 antibody response than mice receiving differently treated DCs, which showed the enhanced protective effect against tumor growth in E.G7 tumor-bearing mice. Our data demonstrate that BBPE can be a novel immune potentiator for a DC-based vaccine in anticancer therapy.
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang C, Yang D, Liao H, Sun H, Liu C, Wei L, Li F. Edible insects as a food source: a review. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-019-0008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The practice of eating insects has been documented for a long time. With obvious economic and environmental advantages, edible insects are in the spotlight recently due to their enormous potential in multiple industries. A number of research has been conducted to maximize their value, but concerns have been raised for the food security. In this review, we compared the characteristics of edible insects with other traditional protein sources. The progress of modern entomophagy was introduced. The benefits and risks of eating insects were summarized. Additionally, the shortcoming of current production were discussed. Feasible ways and strategies were proposed to promote the consumption of edible insects.
Graphical abstract
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin J, Chen L, Jiang W, Zhang H, Shi Y, Cai W. Rapid detection of low-level HeLa cell contamination in cell culture using nested PCR. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:227-236. [PMID: 30353657 PMCID: PMC6307787 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
HeLa cells are a commonly used cell line in many biological research areas. They are not picky for culture medium and proliferate rapidly. HeLa cells are a notorious source of cell cross‐contamination and have been found to be able to contaminate a wide range of cell lines in cell culture. In this study, we reported a simple and efficient method for detecting the presence of HeLa cell contamination in cell culture. HPV‐18 was used as a biomarker. The cell culture supernatant was used directly as the template for nested PCR without extracting nucleic acid. By PCR amplification of the cell culture supernatant with the designed primers, we were able to detect the presence of HeLa cells in the culture. The sensitivity of this method can reach 1%, which is 10‐fold higher than Short tandem repeat sequence (STR) profiling. This simple, rapid, and “noninvasive” quality checking method should find applications in routine cell culture practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lin
- Institute of Apply Genomics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Apply Genomics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Jiang
- Institute of Apply Genomics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huilian Zhang
- Institute of Apply Genomics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Institute of Apply Genomics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiwen Cai
- Institute of Apply Genomics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Q, Acharya N, Liu Z, Zhou X, Cromie M, Zhu J, Gao W. Enhanced anticancer effects of Scutellaria barbata D. Don in combination with traditional Chinese medicine components on non-small cell lung cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 217:140-151. [PMID: 29458146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Experience-based herbal medicine as a complementary to modern western medicine has triggered an array of studies in quest of novel anticancer drugs. Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB) is commonly used to treat different types of cancers, but its molecular mechanism of action is not clearly understood. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the mode of action of a traditional Chinese medicine prescription with a total of 14 components, named Lian-Jia-San-Jie-Fang (LJSJF, in Chinese), where SB works as the "principle" against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four different NSCLC cell lines (A549, H460, H1650, and H1975) were used. Cytotoxicity, in vitro tumorigenicity, gene expression, and protein expression were analyzed by MTT assay, soft agar assay, real-time PCR, and Western blots, respectively. RESULTS Among the 14 components in LJSJF, SB was the only one to possess cytotoxic effects at its pharmacologically relevant doses. Additionally, we observed synergistically dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of SB in combination with other LJSJF components. After SB or LJSJF treatment, significant reductions in colony number and/or size were observed in A549 and H460; a notable dose-dependent decrease in EGFR was observed in A549, H460, and H1650; significant downregulation in EGFR and its downstream signaling targets mTOR and p38MAPK were also observed in A549 and H460; and p53 and p21 were significantly increased while survivin, cyclin D1, and MDM2 were significantly decreased in A549. Additionally, p53, p21, and Mettl7b were decreased, but p73 was increased in H460. Neither EGFR nor p53 was changed in H1975. Therefore, SB or LJSJF may induce cytotoxic effects by regulating multiple and/or distinct apoptotic pathways in different NSCLC cells. CONCLUSION LJSJF exerts more pronounced cytotoxic effects against NSCLC cells than SB does by synergistically regulating the underlining molecular mechanisms including EGFR and/or p53 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79416, United States; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Narayan Acharya
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79416, United States
| | - Zhongwei Liu
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79416, United States
| | - Xianmei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Meghan Cromie
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79416, United States
| | - Jia Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Weimin Gao
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79416, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Traditional Uses, Origins, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Bombyx batryticatus: A Review. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101779. [PMID: 29053625 PMCID: PMC6151799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx batryticatus (B. batryticatus), a well-known traditional animal Chinese medicine, has been commonly used in China for thousands of years. The present paper reviewed advances in traditional uses, origin, chemical constituents, pharmacology and toxicity studies of B. batryticatus. The aim of the paper is to provide more comprehensive references for modern B. batryticatus study and application. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) culture, drugs containing B. batryticatus have been used to treat convulsions, headaches, skin prurigo, scrofula, tonsillitis and fever. Many studies indicate B. batryticatus contains various compounds, including protein and peptides, fatty acids, flavonoids, nucleosides, steroids, coumarin, polysaccharide and others. Numerous investigations also have shown that extracts and compounds from B. batryticatus exert a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects both in vivo and in vitro, including effects on the nervous system, anticoagulant effects, antitumor effects, antibacterial and antifungal effects, antioxidant effects, hypoglycemic effects, as well as other effects. However, further studies should be undertaken to investigate bioactive compounds (especially proteins and peptides), toxic constituents, using forms and the quality evaluation and control of B. batryticatus. Furthermore, it will be interesting to study the mechanism of biological activities and structure-function relationships of bioactive constituents in B. batryticatus.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu JY, Sheikho A, Ma H, Li TC, Zhao YQ, Zhang YL, Wang D. Molecular mechanisms of Bombyx batryticatus ethanol extract inducing gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells apoptosis. Cytotechnology 2017; 69:875-883. [PMID: 28540540 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx batryticatus is a traditional Chinese medicine. To understand apoptotic effect of B. batryticatus ethanol extract (BBE), we investigated the role of BBE in inducing apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901. Cells treated with BBE and apoptosis was assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, morphological changes, DNA fragmentation and flow cytometry assays. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax and P21 were evaluated by western blot analysis and real time polymerase chain reaction. MTT assay showed that the cytotoxicity of BBE extract on SGC-7901 cells was correlated with treatment time and concentration. After treatment with 6 mg/mL of BBE the microscopy showed that, the majority of SGC-7901 cells were obviously reduced, distorted and grew slowly. Annexin-V/propidium iodide double-staining assay emerge the early apoptosis and the late apoptosis after treatment with different times by laser confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometer. Cell cycle analysis of SGC 79 cells showed that BBE induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 and G2 phases. DNA fragmentation indicated the trend of BBE inducing apoptosis on SGC-7901 cells. The qRT-PCR and western blot analysis indicated that the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax and P21 were significantly up-regulated whereas that of Bc1-2 was down-regulated after treatment with BBE for 24 h. Our results revealed a correlation between gene regulation and BBE-induced apoptosis, which might indicate the potential of BBE in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yi Wu
- Institute of Entomology, Northwest A&F University, P.O. Box 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Almutamad Sheikho
- Institute of Entomology, Northwest A&F University, P.O. Box 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Nyala, Nyala, South Darfur, Sudan
| | - He Ma
- Institute of Entomology, Northwest A&F University, P.O. Box 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian-Ci Li
- Institute of Entomology, Northwest A&F University, P.O. Box 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ya-Qi Zhao
- Institute of Entomology, Northwest A&F University, P.O. Box 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ya-Lin Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Northwest A&F University, P.O. Box 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dun Wang
- Institute of Entomology, Northwest A&F University, P.O. Box 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Selective Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis-Induction of Cyrtopodion scabrum Extract Against Digestive Cancer Cell Lines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.8633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|