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Kwon C, Lee JH, Yun HS. SNAREs in Plant Biotic and Abiotic Stress Responses. Mol Cells 2020; 43:501-508. [PMID: 32597393 PMCID: PMC7332363 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2020.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, membraneous cellular compartmentation essentially requires vesicle trafficking for communications among distinct organelles. A donor organelle-generated vesicle releases its cargo into a target compartment by fusing two distinct vesicle and target membranes. Vesicle fusion, the final step of vesicle trafficking, is driven intrinsically by complex formation of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs). Although SNAREs are well-conserved across eukaryotes, genomic studies revealed that plants have dramatically increased the number of SNARE genes than other eukaryotes. This increase is attributed to the sessile nature of plants, likely for more sensitive and harmonized responses to environmental stresses. In this review, we therefore try to summarize and discuss the current understanding of plant SNAREs function in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chian Kwon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 36, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Jae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biology Education, Pusan National University, Busan 4641, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Hye Sup Yun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Wang Y, Zeng X, Xu Q, Mei X, Yuan H, Jiabu D, Sang Z, Nyima T. Metabolite profiling in two contrasting Tibetan hulless barley cultivars revealed the core salt-responsive metabolome and key salt-tolerance biomarkers. AOB PLANTS 2019; 11:plz021. [PMID: 31037214 PMCID: PMC6482114 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plz021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress represents one of the most harmful abiotic stresses for agricultural productivity. Tibetan hulless barley is an important economic crop widely grown in highly stressful conditions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and is often challenged by salinity stress. To investigate the temporal metabolic responses to salinity stress in hulless barley, we performed a widely targeted metabolomic analysis of 72 leaf samples from two contrasting cultivars. We identified 642 compounds 57 % of which were affected by salt stress in the two cultivars, principally amino acids and derivatives, organic acids, nucleotides, and derivatives and flavonoids. A total of 13 stress-related metabolites including piperidine, L-tryptophan, L-glutamic acid, L-saccharopine, L-phenylalanine, 6-methylcoumarin, cinnamic acid, inosine 5'-monophosphate, aminomalonic acid, 6-aminocaproic acid, putrescine, tyramine and abscisic acid (ABA) represent the core metabolome responsive to salinity stress in hulless barley regardless of the tolerance level. In particular, we found that the ABA signalling pathway is essential to salt stress response in hulless barley. The high tolerance of the cultivar 0119 is due to a metabolic reprogramming at key stress times. During the early salt stress stages (0-24 h), 0119 tended to save energy through reduced glycolysis, nucleotide metabolism and amino acid synthesis, while increased antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids. Under prolonged stress (48-72 h), 0119 significantly enhanced energy production and amino acid synthesis. In addition, some important compatible solutes were strongly accumulated. By comparing the two cultivars, nine salt-tolerance biomarkers, mostly unreported salt-tolerance compounds in plants, were uncovered. Our study indicated that the salt tolerant hulless barley cultivar invokes a tolerance strategy which is conserved in other plant species. Overall, we provide for the first time some extensive metabolic data and some important salt-tolerance biomarkers which may assist in efforts to improve hulless barley tolerance to salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Xingquan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Qijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Xiao Mei
- Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Dunzhu Jiabu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Zha Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Tashi Nyima
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet, China
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Time-Course Comparative Metabolite Profiling under Osmotic Stress in Tolerant and Sensitive Tibetan Hulless Barley. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9415409. [PMID: 30671479 PMCID: PMC6323448 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9415409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tibetan hulless barley is widely grown in the extreme environmental conditions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau which is characterized by cold, high salinity, and drought. Osmotic stress always occurs simultaneously with drought and its tolerance is a vital part of drought tolerance. The diversity of metabolites leading to osmotic stress tolerance was characterized using widely-targeted metabolomics in tolerant (XL) and sensitive (D) accessions submitted to polyethylene glycol. XL regulated a more diverse set of metabolites than D, which may promote the establishment of a robust system to cope with the stress in XL. Compounds belonging to the group of flavonoids, amino acids, and glycerophospholipids constitute the core metabolome responsive to the stress, despite the tolerance levels. Moreover, 8 h appeared to be a critical time point for stress endurance involving a high accumulation of key metabolites from the class of nucleotide and its derivative which provide the ultimate energy source for the synthesis of functional carbohydrates, lipids, peptides, and secondary metabolites in XL. This intrinsic metabolic adjustment helped XL to efficiently alleviate the stress at the later stages. A total of 22 diverse compounds were constantly and exclusively regulated in XL, representing novel stress tolerance biomarkers which may help improving stress tolerance, especially drought, in hulless barley.
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