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Nejatollahi SMR, Mostafavi K, Ghorbani F. Abdominal pain in a young lady with inverted Meckel's diverticulum: a case report. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2024; 17:100-103. [PMID: 38737928 PMCID: PMC11080686 DOI: 10.22037/ghfbb.v17i1.2815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Meckel diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract which is located in small bowel within 2 feet of the ileocecal valve. Nevertheless, an inverted Meckel's diverticulum is an uncommon condition believed to result from aberrant peristalsis in that specific area. This article showed signs, symptoms, and possible clinical presentations using CARE guidelines in a case of inverted Meckel's diverticulum and reviews other possible features lastly, definitive treatment, results, and case follow-up were shown to refresh, and raise surgeons' awareness of this rare disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Reza Nejatollahi
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keihan Mostafavi
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Ghorbani
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Monreal AJ, Profeta B, Bloom SW, Eubanks S. Inverted Meckel's Diverticulum Causing Adult Intussusception after Blunt Trauma. Am Surg 2023:31348231167400. [PMID: 37099684 DOI: 10.1177/00031348231167400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Meckel's diverticulum is an uncommon though well described clinical entity. There are few cases of a Meckel's diverticulum having been identified as the lead point for adult intussusception. We report the surgical management of a 45-year-old patient with an inverted Meckel's diverticulum causing distal ileal intussusception after blunt abdominal trauma requiring small bowel resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J Monreal
- Department of General Surgery, AdventHealth Orlando, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - Scott W Bloom
- Department of General Surgery, AdventHealth Orlando, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Steve Eubanks
- Department of General Surgery, AdventHealth Orlando, Orlando, FL, USA
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3
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Muneeb A, Nguyen NN, Iqbal F, Bhargava P. Meckel's diverticulum leading to ileo-ileal intussusception. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:1579-1582. [PMID: 35309378 PMCID: PMC8924532 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intussusception secondary to Meckel's diverticulum is a rare entity in adults and hence, can be a challenging to accurately diagnose preoperatively. This case illustrates the clinical, imaging, operative, and histologic manifestations of a Meckel's diverticulum leading to a long segment ileo-ileal intussusception in an adult female patient presenting with symptoms of small bowel obstruction.
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4
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Mbaye PA, Fall M, Sabounji MS, Ndoye NA, Zeng FTA, Wellé IB, Seck NF, Ngom G. [Meckel's diverticulitis by ascaris in children: about a case]. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 39:92. [PMID: 34466194 PMCID: PMC8379397 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.39.92.29237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nous rapportons l´observation d´un enfant âgé de 4 ans de sexe masculin, qui a été reçu pour un bourgeon ombilical congénital accompagné de saignements récents. L´examen physique retrouvait un bourgeon ombilical de couleur rosée, taché de sang sans fistule objectivée, d´environ 1,5 cm de diamètre. Une échographie abdominale a été demandée faisant évoquer un sinus de l´ouraque. L´exploration chirurgicale a mis en évidence un bourgeon ombilical communiquant en intra-abdominal avec un diverticule de Meckel à 90 cm de l´angle iléo-caecal hyperhémié, inflammatoire à l´intérieur duquel siégeait beaucoup d´ascaris. L´examen anatomo-pathologique de la pièce opératoire était en faveur d´une diverticulite. Ainsi, le diagnostic d´une diverticulite de Meckel d´origine ascaridienne a été retenu. Une résection-anastomose avec exérèse du bourgeon fut réalisée. Les suites opératoires étaient simples et après un recul de 6 mois.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papa Alassane Mbaye
- Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d'Enfants Alber Royer, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Mbaye Fall
- Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Mohamed Salsabil Sabounji
- Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d'Enfants Alber Royer, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Ndeye Aby Ndoye
- Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d'Enfants Alber Royer, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Florent Tshibwid A Zeng
- Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d'Enfants Alber Royer, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Ibrahima Bocar Wellé
- Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d'Enfants Alber Royer, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Ndeye Fatou Seck
- Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d'Enfants Alber Royer, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Gabriel Ngom
- Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital d'Enfants Alber Royer, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
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Badour M, Hammed A, Baqla S. Lethargy as an initial symptom of intussusception secondary to Meckel's diverticulum in a 2.5 year-old girl: Case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 68:102562. [PMID: 34377446 PMCID: PMC8329513 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION and importance: Intussusception is one of the most common causes of acute abdomen and surgical morbidities in the childhood. In a paediatric presentation of intussusception due to Meckel's diverticulum there may be acute onset of abdominal pain, vomiting or painless red currant stools. However, Lethargy has been described as a rare presenting symptom. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of 2,5 - year old female complained of acute alternation in consciousness followed by continuous vomiting two days later. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Her neurological examination showed a lethargic child, not reactive and hypotonic. Her past medical history was unremarkable. Abdominal ultrasonography was compatible with ileocolic intussusception. The necrotic bowel and diverticulum were resected, followed by anastomosis of the viable bowel segments. postoperatively the infant recovered dramatically. CONCLUSION Although lethargy is a rare presenting symptom of Intussusception, it should be kept as a differential diagnosis when a child presents with acute onset of drowsiness with or without abdominal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysaa Badour
- Pediatric University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ali Hammed
- Tishreen University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Lattakia, Syria
| | - Sameer Baqla
- Pediatric University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Damascus, Syria
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Bains L, Bhatia R, Kaushik R, Lal P, Rajpaul G, Veerpal. Inverted Meckel's diverticulum: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:264. [PMID: 34020701 PMCID: PMC8140418 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02736-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inverted Meckel’s diverticulum refers to the condition in which the diverticulum inverts on itself. The reasons for such an inversion are poorly understood due to the rarity of the condition. We present a case of inverted Meckel’s diverticulum, an uncommon finding, as a cause of recurrent intussusception. Case presentation A 30-year old Indian woman presented with complaints of pain in the central abdomen for 3 days, accompanied with vomiting and loose stools. Computed tomography images were suggestive of intussusception with intestinal obstruction. Intra-operative findings were suggestive of an intussuscepted segment of ileum measuring 10 cm in length, proximal to ileocecal junction. Ileo–ileal anastomosis was performed after appropriate resection. Upon opening the specimen, we were surprised to find an inverted Meckel diverticulum with lipoma at one end causing the intussusception. The patient made an uneventful recovery and was discharged after 5 days. Conclusion The reasons for inversion include abnormal peristalsis around the diverticulum and non-fixity of the diverticulum itself. The inverted diverticulum itself can cause luminal compromise and acts as a lead point for intussusception leading to obstruction. Computed tomography remains the diagnostic tool of choice for identifying intestinal obstruction and intussusception. Although pathological signs, such as lipoma, can be identified, the identification of any inversion will require a proficient radiologist. Inverted Meckel’s diverticulum is a rare condition which is difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Treatment is surgical, whether diagnosed pre-operatively or intra-operatively, and includes segmental resection and anastomosis. This uncommon condition should be noted as one-off differential diagnosis for intussusception and intestinal obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovenish Bains
- Department of General Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rahul Bhatia
- Department of General Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Kaushik
- Department of General Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan Lal
- Department of General Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Gayatri Rajpaul
- Department of General Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Veerpal
- Department of General Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
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Singh K, Tandup C, Bajaj K, Thakur V, Sahu S. Inverted Meckel’s diverticulitis manifesting as intussusception: unusual case of intestinal obstruction in adults. PROCEEDINGS OF SINGAPORE HEALTHCARE 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20101058211008199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Meckel’s diverticulum can manifest with various complications such as obstruction, intussusception, inflammation or diverticulitis, perforation, haemorrhage and fistula, and commonly manifests in children. Adult intussusception due to inverted Meckel’s diverticulum is an uncommon aetiology of intestinal obstruction but should be suspected in individuals. Imaging such as contrast-enhanced computed tomography aids in the diagnosis but it is not confirmatory to diagnose inverted Meckel’s diverticulum as a leading point. Resection of the intussusception segment is the definitive treatment. We present the case of a young man who presented in emergency with complaints of intestinal obstruction and ileo-ileal intussusception was the aetiology of for the same diagnosed on contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen. On exploration we discovered an inverted Meckel’s diverticulum to be the leading point for intussusception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaldeep Singh
- Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Cherring Tandup
- Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kapil Bajaj
- Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vipul Thakur
- Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Swapnesh Sahu
- Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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8
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Small Bowel Obstruction Secondary to Intussuscepted Meckel's Diverticulum in an Adult. Case Rep Surg 2019; 2019:3241782. [PMID: 31871815 PMCID: PMC6906793 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3241782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intussusception secondary to inverted Meckel's diverticulum resulting in intestinal obstruction is rare. The following is a case report that discusses a 29-year-old female who posed diagnostic uncertainty for the treating surgical team and ultimately underwent emergency surgery for the management of intestinal obstruction. Small bowel intussusception was diagnosed preoperatively on abdominal computer tomography (CT). At operation, it was found to be secondary to inverted Meckel's diverticulum with histopathology confirming the diagnosis.
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McGrath AK, Suliman F, Thin N, Rohatgi A. Adult intussusception associated with mesenteric Meckel's diverticulum and antimesenteric ileal polyp. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:e230612. [PMID: 31537591 PMCID: PMC6754700 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-230612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital abnormality affecting the gastrointestinal tract, affecting 4% of the general population. It is classically located on the antimesenteric border of the ileum within 100 cm of the ileocaecal valve. Complications may include haemorrhage, bowel obstruction, diverticulitis, perforation and malignancy. This report explores the case of intussusception in an adult, in association with a mesenteric Meckel's diverticulum and adjacent benign polyp. A 40-year-old man presented with acute abdominal pain, affecting the central abdomen and both flanks. CT imaging revealed small bowel intussusception, with either a Meckel's diverticulum or polyp acting as a lead point. Intraoperatively, the intussusception had already resolved; however, an inflamed outpouching was identified on the mesenteric border of the ileum, with a firm mass palpable within the bowel lumen. A 70 mm small bowel resection and primary anastomosis were performed. Histopathological analysis confirmed an inflamed Meckel's diverticulum as well as an adjacent diverticulum comprising a benign polyp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian K McGrath
- Department of General Surgery, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Fatimah Suliman
- Department of General Surgery, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Noel Thin
- Department of General Surgery, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ashish Rohatgi
- Department of General Surgery, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK
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10
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Lee S, Cho SW. Adult Intussusception Caused by Inverted Meckel's Diverticulum Containing Mesenteric Heterotopic Pancreas and Smooth Muscle Bundles. J Pathol Transl Med 2016; 51:96-98. [PMID: 27498547 PMCID: PMC5267533 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2016.06.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seungkoo Lee
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seong Whi Cho
- Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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11
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Kim KH, Kang KA, Lim JH, Lee KG, Kwon TJ. Inverted Meckel diverticulum as a lead point of small bowel intussusception: misinterpreting case as a lipoma. Clin Imaging 2016; 40:840-2. [PMID: 27179156 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inverted Meckel diverticulum is an uncommon cause of intussusception in adults. It may be confused for an intraluminal lipoma. We present a case of small bowel intussusception due to inverted Meckel diverticulum with characteristic computed tomography finding potentially distinguishable from lipoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ho Kim
- Department of Radiology, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, 55, Hwasu-ro 14beon-gil, Deogyang-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10475, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung A Kang
- Department of Radiology, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, 55, Hwasu-ro 14beon-gil, Deogyang-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10475, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hoon Lim
- Department of Radiology, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, 55, Hwasu-ro 14beon-gil, Deogyang-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10475, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Goo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, 55, Hwasu-ro 14beon-gil, Deogyang-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10475, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jung Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, 55, Hwasu-ro 14beon-gil, Deogyang-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10475, Republic of Korea
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12
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Clark JK, Paz DA, Ghahremani GG. Imaging of Meckel's diverticulum in adults: pictorial essay. Clin Imaging 2014; 38:557-64. [PMID: 24998882 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract. It is usually asymptomatic but may present with complications of acute diverticular inflammation, ulceration, hemorrhage, small bowel obstruction, perforation, retained foreign bodies, enterolith formation, and neoplasm development. Thus, the preoperative radiological diagnosis is crucial for proper management of the patients. This article reviews the anatomic and clinical features of Meckel's and describes the role of imaging in the detection of Meckel's and evaluation of its associated pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K Clark
- Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA 92134, USA.
| | - David A Paz
- Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA 92134, USA
| | - Gary G Ghahremani
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
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13
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Yener O, Demir M, Yigitbaşı R. Intussusception secondary to a meckel diverticulum in an adolescent. Prague Med Rep 2013; 114:48-53. [PMID: 23547727 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2014.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult intussusception caused by an inverted Meckel diverticulum is rare. We report a 39-year-old Turkish man with intussusception due to Meckel diverticulitis. Ileoileal intussusception was suggested by computed tomography. Exploration revealed ileoileal intussusception with Meckel diverticulum. A diverticulectomy with small bowel resection was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Yener
- Department of Surgery, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
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14
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Bouassida M, Feidi B, Ben Ali M, Chtourou MF, Krifa M, Sassi S, Chebbi F, Mighri MM, Touinsi H, Sassi S. Intussusception caused by an inverted Meckel's diverticulum: a rare cause of small bowel obstruction in adults. Pan Afr Med J 2011; 10:57. [PMID: 22384303 PMCID: PMC3290887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult intussusception due to Meckel's diverticulum is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction. However, the surgeon should still be suspicious of this condition since the non specific symptoms and the rarity of it make a preoperative diagnosis uncertain. Considering the secondary nature of adult intussusception and the necessity of early surgical intervention to avoid morbidity and mortality, we report one case of intussusception due to Meckel's diverticulum in an adult. A 22-year-old patient was admitted to our hospital with vomiting and abdominal pain. The abdomen was hard with tenderness. We diagnosed an acute small bowel obstruction and performed emergency surgery. The intra operative findings were distention of the small bowel and intussusception of ileus due to an inverted Meckel's diverticulum located 70 cm from the ileocecal valve. 30 cm ischemic loop was identified. A segmental small bowel resection and hand-sewn anastomosis was performed. Histopathology distinguished Meckel's diverticulum measuring 5 cm x 3.5 cm x 1 cm and no signs of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Bouassida
- Department of surgery, Mohamed Thahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul, Tunisia,Corresponding author: Mahdi Bouassida, Department of surgery, Mohamed Thahar Maamouri Hospital, 8000 Mrazga, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Bilel Feidi
- Department of surgery, Mohamed Thahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Mechaal Ben Ali
- Department of reanimation, Mohamed Thahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | | | - Marouene Krifa
- Department of reanimation, Mohamed Thahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Selim Sassi
- Department of surgery, Mohamed Thahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Fathi Chebbi
- Department of surgery, Mohamed Thahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | | | - Hassen Touinsi
- Department of surgery, Mohamed Thahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Sadok Sassi
- Department of surgery, Mohamed Thahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul, Tunisia
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