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Zhu MH, Liu YJ, Li CY, Tao F, Yang GJ, Chen J. The emerging roles of leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 in immune diseases: From mechanisms to therapeutic potential. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1158083. [PMID: 36969200 PMCID: PMC10034042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1158083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 (LECT2, also named ChM-II), initially identified as a chemokine mediating neutrophil migration, is a multifunctional secreted factor involved in diverse physiological and pathological processes. The high sequence similarity of LECT2 among different vertebrates makes it possible to explore its functions by using comparative biology. LECT2 is associated with many immune processes and immune-related diseases via its binding to cell surface receptors such as CD209a, Tie1, and Met in various cell types. In addition, the misfolding LECT2 leads to the amyloidosis of several crucial tissues (kidney, liver, and lung, etc.) by inducing the formation of insoluble fibrils. However, the mechanisms of LECT2-mediated diverse immune pathogenic conditions in various tissues remain to be fully elucidated due to the functional and signaling heterogeneity. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of the structure, the “double-edged sword” function, and the extensive signaling pathways of LECT2 in immune diseases, as well as the potential applications of LECT2 in therapeutic interventions in preclinical or clinical trials. This review provides an integrated perspective on the current understanding of how LECT2 is associated with immune diseases, with the aim of facilitating the development of drugs or probes against LECT2 for the theranostics of immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chang-Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fan Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guan-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Jiong Chen, ; ; Guan-Jun Yang,
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Jiong Chen, ; ; Guan-Jun Yang,
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Xie Y, Fan K, Guan S, Hu Y, Gao Y, Zhou W. LECT2: A pleiotropic and promising hepatokine, from bench to bedside. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3598-3607. [PMID: 35656863 PMCID: PMC9258709 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
LECT2 (leucocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2) is a 16-kDa protein mainly produced by hepatocytes. It was first isolated in PHA-activated human T-cell leukaemia SKW-3 cells and originally identified as a novel neutrophil chemotactic factor. However, many lines of studies suggested that LECT2 was a pleiotropic protein, it not only functioned as a cytokine to exhibit chemotactic property, but also played multifunctional roles in some physiological conditions and pathological abnormalities, involving liver regeneration, neuronal development, HSC(haematopoietic stem cells) homeostasis, liver injury, liver fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, metabolic disorders, inflammatory arthritides, systemic sepsis and systemic amyloidosis. Among the above studies, it was discovered that LECT2 could be a promising molecular biomarker and therapeutic target. This review summarizes LECT2-related receptors and pathways, basic and clinical researches, primarily in mice and human, for a better comprehension and management of these diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative MedicineZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of General Surgery IIThe First People's Hospital of ZhaoqingZhaoqingChina
| | - Kai‐Wei Fan
- Department of Cerebrovascular DiseaseThe First People's Hospital of ZhaoqingZhaoqingChina
| | - Shi‐Xing Guan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yi Gao
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative MedicineZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei‐Jie Zhou
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative MedicineZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, First Clinical Medical CollegeSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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