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Zida A, Guiguemdé TK, Sawadogo MP, Tchekounou C, Sangaré I, Bamba S. Epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features of histoplasmosis: A systematic review. J Mycol Med 2024; 34:101474. [PMID: 38484562 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Histoplasmosis is a mycosis due to a dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. This study aimed at providing an overview of histoplasmosis epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects from the last 30 years. This review was carried out using a systematic literature search on histoplasmosis from 1992 to 2021. We describe the clinical features, diagnostic methods and treatment. Empirical searches were conducted via the databases PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct. Between 1992 and 2021, 190 manuscripts were published and reported 212 cases of histoplasmosis. These publications included 115 and 97 cases of American and African histoplasmosis respectively. The number of publications increased over the last ten years with a maximum in 2020 (12.34 % of the cases reported). The disseminated forms of histoplasmosis were the most frequently reported cases as compared to the localized forms. This was the case with the American histoplasmosis (75.65 %) as well as with the African histoplasmosis (55.67 %). Itraconazole (31.17 %) and Amphotericin B (26.62 %) were the most used drugs in the management of these cases. American histoplasmosis is distributed worldwide whereas African histoplasmosis is mainly present in intertropical Africa. There is a critical need for setting up a global surveillance system, towards a better understanding of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adama Zida
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo (UJKZ), 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Service de parasitologie-mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, 01 BP 2208 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.
| | - Thierry K Guiguemdé
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo (UJKZ), 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Service de parasitologie-mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Charles de Gaulle, 01 BP 1198 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Marcel P Sawadogo
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo (UJKZ), 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Service de parasitologie-mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Chanolle Tchekounou
- Institut International des Sciences et Technologies (IISTech), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Ibrahim Sangaré
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou, 01 BP 676 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso; Institut des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nazi Boni (UNB), 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Sanata Bamba
- Service de parasitologie-mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou, 01 BP 676 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso; Institut des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nazi Boni (UNB), 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
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Gamaletsou MN, Rammaert B, Brause B, Bueno MA, Dadwal SS, Henry MW, Katragkou A, Kontoyiannis DP, McCarthy MW, Miller AO, Moriyama B, Pana ZD, Petraitiene R, Petraitis V, Roilides E, Sarkis JP, Simitsopoulou M, Sipsas NV, Taj-Aldeen SJ, Zeller V, Lortholary O, Walsh TJ. Osteoarticular Mycoses. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0008619. [PMID: 36448782 PMCID: PMC9769674 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00086-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarticular mycoses are chronic debilitating infections that require extended courses of antifungal therapy and may warrant expert surgical intervention. As there has been no comprehensive review of these diseases, the International Consortium for Osteoarticular Mycoses prepared a definitive treatise for this important class of infections. Among the etiologies of osteoarticular mycoses are Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Mucorales, dematiaceous fungi, non-Aspergillus hyaline molds, and endemic mycoses, including those caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and Coccidioides species. This review analyzes the history, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, inflammatory biomarkers, diagnostic imaging modalities, treatments, and outcomes of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis caused by these organisms. Candida osteomyelitis and Candida arthritis are associated with greater events of hematogenous dissemination than those of most other osteoarticular mycoses. Traumatic inoculation is more commonly associated with osteoarticular mycoses caused by Aspergillus and non-Aspergillus molds. Synovial fluid cultures are highly sensitive in the detection of Candida and Aspergillus arthritis. Relapsed infection, particularly in Candida arthritis, may develop in relation to an inadequate duration of therapy. Overall mortality reflects survival from disseminated infection and underlying host factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N. Gamaletsou
- Laiko General Hospital of Athens and Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Blandine Rammaert
- Université de Poitiers, Faculté de médecine, CHU de Poitiers, INSERM U1070, Poitiers, France
| | - Barry Brause
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marimelle A. Bueno
- Far Eastern University-Dr. Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Manilla, Philippines
| | | | - Michael W. Henry
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aspasia Katragkou
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Matthew W. McCarthy
- Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
- New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andy O. Miller
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Zoi Dorothea Pana
- Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ruta Petraitiene
- Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Emmanuel Roilides
- Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Maria Simitsopoulou
- Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos V. Sipsas
- Laiko General Hospital of Athens and Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Valérie Zeller
- Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses-Croix Saint-Simon, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lortholary
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Mycologie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 2000, Paris, France
| | - Thomas J. Walsh
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
- New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Innovative Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Benchbani H, Mallett K, Warady BA, Ahmed AA. Histoplasma osteomyelitis in a 15-year-old kidney transplant patient. Transpl Infect Dis 2022; 24:e13953. [PMID: 36082416 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanae Benchbani
- Departments of Pathology, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Kathleen Mallett
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Bradley A Warady
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Atif A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Roxas MCA, Sandoval MAS, Salamat MS, Matias PJ, Cabal NP, Bartolo SS. Bilateral adrenal histoplasmosis presenting as adrenal insufficiency in an immunocompetent host in the Philippines. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/5/e234935. [PMID: 32404324 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-234935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Disseminated histoplasmosis, with the adrenal glands as being the only site of demonstrable disease in an immunocompetent adult, is a rare infection leading to adrenal insufficiency. This disease carries high mortality when unrecognised. We describe the first reported case of adrenal histoplasmosis in the Philippines in a 72-year-old immunocompetent, Filipino man who presented with a 3-month history of intermittent flank pain, weight loss and generalised weakness. His imaging demonstrated bilateral adrenal masses on ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced CT scan. The initial impression was adrenal cancer, however, fine-needle aspiration cytology revealed the presence of yeast cells and blood culture grew Histoplasma capsulatum The diagnosis of the case represents a diagnostic challenge in immunocompetent individuals because they manifest with non-specific symptoms. A heightened suspicion is therefore needed to prevent significant morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Carrissa Abigail Roxas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Mark Anthony Santiago Sandoval
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Maria Sonia Salamat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Patrick Joseph Matias
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Nikko Paolo Cabal
- Department of Laboratories, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Samantha S Bartolo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
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Gajurel K, Dhakal R, Deresinski S. Histoplasmosis in transplant recipients. Clin Transplant 2017; 31. [PMID: 28805270 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus that most often causes asymptomatic infection in the immunocompetent population. In immunocompromised patients, including solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients, however, it is likely to cause severe life-threatening infection. Post-transplant histoplasmosis (PTH) in SOT is uncommon with an incidence of ≤1% and is even rarer in HCT patients. The majority of PTH in SOT is diagnosed in the first 2 years following transplantation. Histoplasmosis may result from endogenous reactivation of latent infection, de novo post-transplant acquisition, and donor-derived infection. Disseminated infection is common. Fever is the most common symptom and clinical features are often nonspecific, but patients with disseminated infection may present with a septic picture. Other features, including pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly, may not be prominent early in the course of illness. Contemporary histoplasma antigen assays are the most sensitive tests but cross-reactivity with antigens of other fungi, including with Aspergillus galactomannan, is not uncommon. Treatment should be continued for at least a year. Histoplasma antigen levels have prognostic value and can be used to monitor the response to therapy. The attributable mortality is approximately 10%. Routine screening of donors and recipients is not currently recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Gajurel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Reshika Dhakal
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Stan Deresinski
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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