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Sun D, Chen Y, Wang L, Hu X, Wu Q, Liu Y, Liu P, Zeng X, Li S, Wang G, Zhang Y. Surveillance and Control of Malaria Vectors in Hainan Province, China from 1950 to 2021: A Retrospective Review. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8030131. [PMID: 36977132 PMCID: PMC10051372 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8030131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a serious mosquito-borne tropical disease impacting populations in tropical regions across the world. Malaria was previously hyperendemic in Hainan Province. Due to large-scale anti-malarial intervention, malaria elimination in the province was achieved in 2019. This paper reviews the literature on the ecology, bionomics, and control of malaria vectors in Hainan from 1951 to 2021. We searched PubMed, and the China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) database for relevant articles published and included three other important books published in Chinese or English in order to summarize research on species, distribution, vectorial capacity, ecology, the resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides, and malaria vector control in Hainan Province. A total of 239 references were identified, 79 of which met the criteria for inclusion in our review. A total of six references dealt with the salivary gland infection of Anophelines, six with vectorial capacity, 41 with mosquito species and distribution, seven with seasonality, three with blood preference, four with nocturnal activity, two with flight distance, 13 with resistance to insecticides, and 14 with vector control. Only 16 published papers met the criteria of addressing malaria vectors in Hainan over the last 10 years (2012–2021). Anopheles dirus and Anopheles minimus are primary malaria vectors, mainly distributed in the southern and central areas of Hainan. Indoor residual spraying with DDT and the use of ITNs with pyrethroid insecticides were the main interventions taken for malaria control. Previous studies on ecology, bionomics, and resistance of vectors provided scientific evidence for optimizing malaria vector control and contributed to malaria elimination in Hainan Province. We hope our study will contribute to preventing malaria reestablishment caused by imported malaria in Hainan. Research on malaria vectors should be updated to provide scientific evidence for malaria vector control strategies post-elimination as the ecology, bionomics, and resistance of vectors to insecticides may change with changes in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwei Sun
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Ximin Hu
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Qun Wu
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Puyu Liu
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Xuexia Zeng
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Shangan Li
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Guangze Wang
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Correspondence:
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Kang X, Wang Y, Li S, Sun X, Lu X, Rajaofera MJN, Lu Y, Kang L, Zheng A, Zou Z, Xia Q. Comparative Analysis of the Gut Microbiota of Adult Mosquitoes From Eight Locations in Hainan, China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:596750. [PMID: 33384969 PMCID: PMC7769952 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.596750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The midgut microbial community composition, structure, and function of field-collected mosquitoes may provide a way to exploit microbial function for mosquito-borne disease control. However, it is unclear how adult mosquitoes acquire their microbiome, how the microbiome affects life history traits and how the microbiome influences community structure. We analyzed the composition of 501 midgut bacterial communities from field-collected adult female mosquitoes, including Aedes albopictus, Aedes galloisi, Culex pallidothorax, Culex pipiens, Culex gelidus, and Armigeres subalbatus, across eight habitats using the HiSeq 4000 system and the V3-V4 hyper-variable region of 16S rRNA gene. After quality filtering and rarefaction, a total of 1421 operational taxonomic units, belonging to 29 phyla, 44 families, and 43 genera were identified. Proteobacteria (75.67%) were the most common phylum, followed by Firmicutes (10.38%), Bacteroidetes (6.87%), Thermi (4.60%), and Actinobacteria (1.58%). The genera Rickettsiaceae (33.00%), Enterobacteriaceae (20.27%), Enterococcaceae (7.49%), Aeromonadaceae (7.00%), Thermaceae (4.52%), and Moraxellaceae (4.31%) were dominant in the samples analyzed and accounted for 76.59% of the total genera. We characterized the midgut bacterial communities of six mosquito species in Hainan province, China. The gut bacterial communities were different in composition and abundance, among locations, for all mosquito species. There were significant differences in the gut microbial composition between some species and substantial variation in the gut microbiota between individuals of the same mosquito species. There was a marked variation in different mosquito gut microbiota within the same location. These results might be useful in the identification of microbial communities that could be exploited for disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siping Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Lu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mamy Jayne Nelly Rajaofera
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yajun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Le Kang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Zheng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Li Y, Zhou G, Zhong S, Wang X, Zhong D, Hemming-Schroeder E, Yi G, Fu F, Fu F, Cui L, Cui G, Yan G. Spatial heterogeneity and temporal dynamics of mosquito population density and community structure in Hainan Island, China. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:444. [PMID: 32887654 PMCID: PMC7650291 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquitoes are vectors of many tropical diseases. Understanding the ecology of local mosquito vectors, such as species composition, distributions, population dynamics, and species diversity is important for designing the optimal strategy to control the mosquito-borne diseases. METHODS Entomological surveillance of adult mosquitoes was conducted in five sites representing different ecological settings across Hainan Island from January to December of 2018 using BG Sentinel (BGS) traps and Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) light traps. In each site, we selected three areas representing urban, suburban and rural settings. Eighteen trap-days were sampled in each setting at each site, and CDC light traps and BGS traps were setup simultaneously. Mosquito species composition, distribution, population dynamics, and species diversity were analyzed. Mosquito densities were compared between different study sites and between different settings. RESULTS Nine species of mosquitoes belonging to four genera were identified. Culex quinquefasciatus (80.8%), Armigeres subalbatus (13.0%) and Anopheles sinensis (3.1%) were the top three species collected by CDC light traps; Cx. quinquefasciatus (91.9%), Ae. albopictus (5.1%), and Ar. subalbatus (2.8%) were the top three species collected by BGS traps. Predominant species varied among study sites. The population dynamics of Ae. albopictus, An. sinensis and Cx. quinquefasciatus showed clear seasonal variation regardless of study sites with a varied peak season for different species. Mosquito abundance of all species showed significant differences among different study sites and among urban, suburban and rural areas. Danzhou had the highest mosquito biodiversity, with an α, β, and Gini-Simpson biodiversity index of 8, 1.13 and 0.42, respectively. BGS traps captured Aedes mosquito at a higher efficiency than CDC light traps, whereas CDC light traps captured significantly more Anopheles and Armigeres mosquitoes than BGS traps. CONCLUSIONS Mosquitoes were abundant on Hainan Island with clear seasonality and spatial heterogeneity. Population density, species composition, distribution, and species diversity were strongly affected by the natural environment. Different tools are required for the surveillance of different mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiji Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan China
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Guofa Zhou
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Saifeng Zhong
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Daibin Zhong
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | | | - Guohui Yi
- Public Research Laboratory, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan China
| | - Fengyang Fu
- Department of Medical Technology, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Faxing Fu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan China
| | - Liwang Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Guzhen Cui
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Guiyun Yan
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
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Ali M, Ibrahim R, Alahmadi S, Alsharif SM, Mansour F, Elshazly H, Shawer D. Ovicidal, pupicidal and bactericidal effects of aminopyridinium-based ionic liquids on Culex pipiens and certain human pathogenic bacteria. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2020.1836909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Medhat Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina, KSA
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina, KSA
- Department of Economic Entomology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Saeed Alahmadi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina, KSA
| | - Sultan M. Alsharif
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina, KSA
| | - Fatimah Mansour
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina, KSA
| | - Hayam Elshazly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences & Arts – Scientific Departments, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Dalia Shawer
- Department of Economic Entomology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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Chen S, Qin Q, Zhong D, Fang X, He H, Wang L, Dong L, Lin H, Zhang M, Cui L, Yan G. Insecticide Resistance Status and Mechanisms of Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) in Wenzhou, an Important Coastal Port City in China. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 56:803-810. [PMID: 30715428 PMCID: PMC6467641 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although scaled-up interventions and effective control efforts have drastically reduced malaria morbidity and mortality, malaria remains a serious threat to public health worldwide. Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann 1828 is a historically important vector of Plasmodium vivax (Haemosporida: Plasmodiidae) malaria in China. Insecticide resistance has become a major obstacle to vector-borne disease control. However, little is known about the insecticide resistance of An. sinensis in Wenzhou, an important coastal port city in Zhejiang province, China. The aim of this study was to examine insecticide resistance and mechanisms in An. sinensis field mosquito populations. Evidence of multiple insecticide resistance was found in An. sinensis adult female populations. Medium to high frequencies of target site kdr together with fixed ace-1 mutations was detected in both the Ruian and Yongjia populations. Both populations showed an association between kdr L1014 mutation and resistance phenotype when tested against deltamethrin and DDT. Significantly different metabolic enzyme activities were found between the susceptible laboratory strain and field-collected mosquitoes from both Ruian and Yongjia. Both field collected An. sinensis populations exhibited significantly higher P450 enzyme activity compared with the laboratory strain, while the field-collected resistant mosquitoes exhibited various GST and COE enzyme activities. These results indicate multiple resistance mechanisms in An. sinensis field populations. Effective implementation of insecticide resistance management strategies is urgently needed. The data collected in this study will be valuable for modeling insecticide resistance spread and vector-control interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Chen
- College of Medical and Health, Lishui University, Lishui, China
| | - Qian Qin
- College of Medical and Health, Lishui University, Lishui, China
- Department of Parasitology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Daibin Zhong
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Xia Fang
- Department of Parasitology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hanjiang He
- College of Medical and Health, Lishui University, Lishui, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Dong
- Department of Parasitology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haiping Lin
- Department of Parasitology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liwang Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Guiyun Yan
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA
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He Z, Zhang J, Shi Z, Liu J, Zhang J, Yan Z, Chen B. Modification of contact avoidance behaviour associated with pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae). Malar J 2019; 18:131. [PMID: 30971253 PMCID: PMC6458626 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anopheles sinensis is the primary vector of vivax malaria in China and its control is under great threat as the development of insecticide resistance. In contrast to physiological resistance, there is no report of behavioural modifications of resistant An. sinensis after long-term insecticide use, despite their huge potential impact on malaria transmission. Methods Larvae or pupae of An. sinensis were collected from Yuanyang, Bishan, and Wuhe counties from southwestern to eastern China. Resistance to deltamethrin was assayed using the standard World Health Organization (WHO) susceptibility test. The frequency distribution of the kdr allele of the para-type sodium channel gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and DNA sequencing. Contact repellency to deltamethrin-impregnated bed nets was evaluated using a modified WHO cone bioassay. Results All contemporary field populations for all three geographic locations were resistant to deltamethrin, with mortality ranging from 6.00 to 26.79%. Three kdr genotypes with either an L1014F or L1014C substitution with frequencies of 76.10–100% were identified in the Bishan and Wuhe populations, but no kdr mutations were detected in the Yuanyang samples despite high phenotypic resistance. The susceptible mosquitoes exhibited significantly longer flying time and more takeoffs on deltamethrin-treated bed nets (DTN) than on untreated bed nets (UTN), suggestive of robust avoidance behaviour. However, no significant increases in the frequency of takeoffs or flying time were observed in deltamethrin-resistant An. sinensis populations when exposed on DTNs, regardless of the presence of a kdr mutation. Moreover, the first takeoff from DTNs by resistant mosquitoes significantly lagged behind compared to susceptible mosquitoes. Conclusion The An. sinensis populations were highly resistant to deltamethrin and exhibited decreased avoidance behaviour. Behavioural modification significantly associated with deltamethrin resistance, but not directly related to the presence of kdr mutations, indicating that there are additional factors contributing to the changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbo He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongpan Shi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingang Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhentian Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, People's Republic of China.
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