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DeWitt ME, Sanders JW. Tropical Diseases in the United States: Beyond Poverty - Advancing an Ecological Framework in Tropical Medicine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2024; 111:449-451. [PMID: 39043163 PMCID: PMC11376151 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E DeWitt
- Section on Infection Diseases, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Center for the Study of Microbial Ecology and Emerging Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - John W Sanders
- Section on Infection Diseases, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Center for the Study of Microbial Ecology and Emerging Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Rojas OC, Montoya AM, Villanueva-Lozano H, Carrion-Alvarez D. Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 339 cases. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2023; 117:682-696. [PMID: 37300462 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Strongyloidiasis is a parasitosis representing a significant public health problem in tropical countries. It is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals but its mortality rate increases to approximately 87% in severe forms of the disease. We conducted a systematic review, including case reports and case series, of Strongyloides hyperinfection and dissemination from 1998 to 2020 searching PubMed, EBSCO and SciELO. Cases that met the inclusion criteria of the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist were analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test and a Bonferroni correction for all the significant values. A total of 339 cases were included in this review. The mortality rate was 44.83%. The presence of infectious complications, septic shock and a lack of treatment were risk factors for a fatal outcome. Eosinophilia and ivermectin treatment were associated with an improved outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga C Rojas
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Dr Eleuterio Gonzalez Gonzalitos-Francisco I. Madero s/n 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Alexandra M Montoya
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Dr Eleuterio Gonzalez Gonzalitos-Francisco I. Madero s/n 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Hiram Villanueva-Lozano
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional ISSSTE Monterrey, Av. Adolfo López Mateos, 122 Burócratas Federales 64380, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Diego Carrion-Alvarez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional ISSSTE Monterrey, Av. Adolfo López Mateos, 122 Burócratas Federales 64380, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad de Monterrey. N.L. Mexico. Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500, San Pedro, Garza García, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
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Rodpai R, Sanpool O, Janwan P, Boonroumkaew P, Sadaow L, Thanchomnang T, Intapan PM, Maleewong W. Gut microbiota diversity in human strongyloidiasis differs little in two different regions in endemic areas of Thailand. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279766. [PMID: 36584127 PMCID: PMC9803247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human gastrointestinal helminthic infections have a direct and/or indirect effect on the composition of the host gut microbial flora. Here, we investigated the effect of infection with a soil-transmitted intestinal nematode, Strongyloides stercoralis, on the gut microbiota of the human host. We also investigated whether composition of the microbiota in infected persons might vary across endemic regions. Fecal samples were obtained from volunteers from two areas endemic for strongyloidiasis, Khon Kaen Province in northeastern Thailand and Nakhon Si Thammarat Province in southern Thailand. Samples from Khon Kaen were from infected (SsNE) and uninfected (NegNE) individuals. Similarly, samples from the latter province were from infected (SsST) and uninfected (NegST) individuals. DNA sequences of the V3-V4 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were obtained from the fecal samples. No statistical difference in alpha diversity between groups in terms of richness or diversity were found. Statistical difference in beta diversity was observed only between NegNE and NegST. Some significant differences in species abundance were noted between geographical isolates. The SsNE group had a higher abundance of Tetragenococcus holophilus than did the SsST group, whereas Bradyrhizobium sp. was less abundant in the SsNE than the SsST group. For the uninfected groups, the NegNE had a higher abundance of T. holophilus than the NegST group. Our data showed that S. stercoralis infection leads to only minor alterations in the relative abundance of individual bacterial species in the human gut: no detectable effect was observed on community structure and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutchanee Rodpai
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Oranuch Sanpool
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Penchom Janwan
- Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Patcharaporn Boonroumkaew
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Lakkhana Sadaow
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Tongjit Thanchomnang
- Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Pewpan M. Intapan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wanchai Maleewong
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Mishra S, Patnayak R, Panda SS, Jena A. Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Postgrad Med 2021; 67:113-114. [PMID: 33835056 PMCID: PMC8253323 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_1073_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Mishra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - R Patnayak
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S S Panda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - A Jena
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Strongyloides stercoralis Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: a Case-Cohort Report at a Single-Center Experience. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40475-019-00185-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Andreetta Corral M, de Paula FM, Meisel DMC, Abdala E, Figueiredo Costa S, Camera Pierrotti L, Yamashiro J, do Nascimento Gonçalves EM, Castilho VLP, Chieffi PP, Gryschek RCB. IgG reactivity with 40-35 kDa soluble and membrane antigen of Strongyloides venezuelensis in immunocompromised patients. Acta Trop 2019; 190:357-360. [PMID: 30552879 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunocompromised patients constitute a risk group for the development of severe clinical forms of human strongyloidiasis. The diagnosis of this infection is primarily performed by parasitological techniques, but with low sensitivity. Serological techniques appear as an alternative, especially with heterologous antigens use. The aim of this study was to perform the Western blot technique by using S. venezuelensis infective third stage larva (iL3) soluble (TS) and membrane (TM) saline antigens to reveal immunoreactive bands in immunocompromised patients with strongyloidiasis. Serum samples from 117 parasitologically well-characterized patients were divided into four groups: S. stercoralis positive and immunocompetent (S + IC); S. stercoralis positive and immunocompromised (S + IP); negative and immunocompetent (S-IC); negative and immunocompromised (S-IP). A 40-35 kDa band was recognized by 100% of patients in the S + IC group in both antigenic fractions, and by 62.5% and 50% in the S + IP group using the TS and TM fractions, respectively. A 29 kDa band was recognized by 86.3% and 72.7% (for TS and TM, respectively) of patients in the S + IC group, and only by 12.5% of patients in the S + IP group on the TM antigen. Regardless of the patients' immunological condition, the 40-35 kDa band from S. venezuelensis was detected more frequently and can be used as an important marker to the immunodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Sanders
- ASTMH Clinical Group President, Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois
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