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Calvopina M, Cabezas-Moreno M, Cisneros-Vásquez E, Paredes-Betancourt I, Bastidas-Caldes C. Diversity and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of free-roaming dogs on coastal beaches in Ecuador: Potential for zoonotic transmission. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY: REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2023; 40:100859. [PMID: 37068862 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Free-roaming dogs are highly exposed to a range of zoonotic parasites, including helminths, which can be transmitted to humans, particularly in rural tropical settings of developing countries. To evidence the diversity and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in the stools of free-roaming dogs on the public Pacific coastal beaches of Ecuador, a cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to August 2022. The sampling beaches are located along the tropical Pacific coastal region. Stools were collected from the ground in containers with 10% formalin and processed using the Ritchie method; eggs were identified under a microscope. A total of 573 stools were examined from 20 beaches; the overall prevalence was 157 (27.4%) for one or more helminths. Ten parasites were identified, nine of which are potentially zoonotic. Ancylostoma spp. was the most prevalent (19.4%), followed by Toxocara spp. (7.2%). Trichuris spp., Dipylidium caninum, Diphyllobothrium spp., Capillaria spp., Dicrocoelium spp., Heterobilharzia americana, Hymenolepis spp. and Spirocerca spp. were also observed. Five of them are reported for the first-time infecting dogs in Ecuador. Hence, we evidenced that Ecuadorian beaches are highly contaminated with the dogs' zoonotic gastrointestinal helminths, posing a great risk to public health. Differences in the presence and prevalence were found in samples of tropical humid and dry climate zones. Therefore, based on our findings, we encourage the implementation of broad antiparasitic treatment and prevention strategies to reduce the zoonotic risk.
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Avaria A, Ventura-Garcia L, Sanmartino M, Van der Laat C. Population movements, borders, and Chagas disease. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2022; 117:e210151. [PMID: 35830004 PMCID: PMC9273182 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760210151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, Chagas disease is a complex global health problem with local and global implications. In the present article, we approach this complexity from the perspective of human mobility and its effects on people's health in places of origin and in transit and destination. We raise key concepts such as human mobility - understood as a possible socio-structural and economic determination of health -, the associated social and institutional barriers and the processes of social exclusion related to Chagas disease. We also propose what we identify as emerging opportunities from the perspective of health as a right. Finally, we propose strategies aimed at addressing Chagas disease from a multidimensional and intersectional perspective in complex, diverse and interconnected territories through migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Avaria
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, San Miguel, Chile
| | - Laia Ventura-Garcia
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Medical Anthropology Research Center, Tarragona, Catalonia
| | - Mariana Sanmartino
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos, Grupo de Didáctica de las Ciencias, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Van der Laat
- International Organization for Migration, Migrant’s Health Assistance Program Coordinator, Geneva, Switzerland
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Sanmartino M, Forsyth CJ, Avaria A, Velarde-Rodriguez M, Gómez i Prat J, Albajar-Viñas P. The multidimensional comprehension of Chagas disease. Contributions, approaches, challenges and opportunities from and beyond the Information, Education and Communication field. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2022; 117:e200460. [DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760200460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mar Velarde-Rodriguez
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Switzerland; University of Basel, Switzerland
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Amato VS, Tuon FF. Mass Drug Administration for the Control of Strongyloides stercoralis Infection: Progress and Challenges. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 71:3229-3231. [PMID: 32421778 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valdir Sabbaga Amato
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Molestias Infecciosas e Parasitarias da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Francisco Tuon
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Ortiz-Martínez S, Ramos-Rincón JM, Vásquez-Chasnamote ME, Alarcón-Baldeón JJ, Parraguez-de-la-Cruz J, Gamboa-Paredes ON, Schillyk-Guerra P, Espinoza-Venegas LA, Pinedo-Cancino VV, Perez-Tanoira R, Górgolas-Hernández-Mora M, Casapía-Morales M. A Cross-Sectional Study of Seroprevalence of Strongyloidiasis in Pregnant Women (Peruvian Amazon Basin). Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9050348. [PMID: 32375325 PMCID: PMC7281748 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9050348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Strongyloidiasis is a soil-transmitted helminthiasis with a high global prevalence. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection and assess strongyloidiasis serology as a screening technique in the Peruvian Amazon. Material and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of strongyloidiasis in 300 pregnant women in Iquitos (Peru) from 1 May 2019 to 15 June 2019. Women were tested using serology (Strongyloides IgG IVD-ELISA kit) as an index test and the modified Baermann technique and/or charcoal fecal culture as the parasitological reference standard. Results: The reference tests showed S. stercoralis in the stool of 30 women (prevalence: 10%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.1% to 13.9%), while 101 women tested positive on the blood test (prevalence: 33.7%; 95% CI 28.6% to 39.4%). Fourteen of the 15 women (93.3%) with positive results according to the modified Baermann technique, and 14 of the 23 women (56.5%) with positive charcoal cultures also had positive serological results. Serology showed a sensitivity of 63.3% and a negative predictive value of 94.4%. Conclusion: In Iquitos, pregnant women have a high prevalence of S stercoralis. S. stercoralis ELISA could be an excellent tool for population-based screening, as it has a high negative predictive value that can help to rule out the presence of active infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ortiz-Martínez
- Consultorio El Ballestero, Servicio de Salud Castellano Manchego, 2614 Albacete, Spain;
| | - José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón
- Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Jhonatan J. Alarcón-Baldeón
- Laboratorio Clínico. Asociación Civil Selva Amazónica, 16001 Iquitos, Peru; (J.J.A.-B.); (J.P.-d.-l.-C.); (P.S.-G.)
| | - Jorge Parraguez-de-la-Cruz
- Laboratorio Clínico. Asociación Civil Selva Amazónica, 16001 Iquitos, Peru; (J.J.A.-B.); (J.P.-d.-l.-C.); (P.S.-G.)
| | | | - Patricia Schillyk-Guerra
- Laboratorio Clínico. Asociación Civil Selva Amazónica, 16001 Iquitos, Peru; (J.J.A.-B.); (J.P.-d.-l.-C.); (P.S.-G.)
| | | | - Viviana-Vanessa Pinedo-Cancino
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Especializada del LIPNAA-CIRNA, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, 16001 Iquitos, Peru;
| | - Ramón Perez-Tanoira
- Servicio de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, 28802 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Miguel Górgolas-Hernández-Mora
- División de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Casapía-Morales
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Medicina Tropical, Hospital Regional de Loreto, 16001 Iquitos, Peru;
- Departamento Médico, Asociación Cívica Selva Amazónica, 16001 Iquitos, Peru;
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, 496 Iquitos, Peru
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