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Jeamsripong S, Kuldee M, Thaotumpitak V, Chuanchuen R. Antimicrobial resistance, Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase production and virulence genes in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolates from estuarine environment. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283359. [PMID: 37115770 PMCID: PMC10146452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on global public health has been widely documented. AMR in the environment poses a serious threat to both human and animal health but is frequently overlooked. This study aimed to characterize the association between phenotype and genotype of AMR, virulence genes and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) production from estuarine environment. The Salmonella (n = 126) and E. coli (n = 409) were isolated from oysters and estuarine water in Thailand. The isolates of Salmonella (96.9%) and E. coli (91.4%) showed resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was 40.1% of Salmonella and 23.0% of E. coli. Resistance to sulfamethoxazole was most common in Salmonella (95.2%) and E. coli (77.8%). The common resistance genes found in Salmonella were sul3 (14.3%), followed by blaTEM (11.9%), and cmlA (11.9%), while most E. coli were blaTEM (31.5%) and tetA (25.4%). The ESBL production was detected in Salmonella (1.6%, n = 2) of which one isolate was positive to blaTEM-1. Eight E. coli isolates (2.0%) were ESBL producers, of which three isolates carried blaCTX-M-55 and one isolate was blaTEM-1. Predominant virulence genes identified in Salmonella were invA (77.0%), stn (77.0%), and fimA (69.0%), while those in E. coli isolates were stx1 (17.8%), lt (11.7%), and stx2 (1.2%). Logistic regression models showed the statistical association between resistance phenotype, virulence genes and ESBL production (p < 0.05). The findings highlighted that estuarine environment were potential hotspots of resistance. One Health should be implemented to prevent AMR bacteria spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saharuetai Jeamsripong
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mullika Kuldee
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Varangkana Thaotumpitak
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungtip Chuanchuen
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Rodríguez-Hernández R, Herrera-Sánchez MP, Ortiz-Muñoz JD, Mora-Rivera C, Rondón-Barragán IS. Molecular Characterization of Salmonella spp. Isolates from Wild Colombian Babilla ( Caiman crocodilus fuscus) Isolated In Situ. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233359. [PMID: 36496880 PMCID: PMC9737335 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica is a pathogen capable of colonizing various environments, including the intestinal tract of different animals such as mammals, birds, and reptiles, which can act as carriers. S. enterica infection induces different clinical diseases, gastroenteritis being the most common, which in some cases, can evolve to septicemia and meningitis. Reptiles and amphibians have been reported as a reservoir of Salmonella, and transmission of the pathogen to humans has been documented. This study aimed to determine the presence of virulence genes and characterize the genotypic antibiotic resistance profile in Salmonella strains isolated from Caiman crocodilus fuscus obtained in situ (natural habitat) in Prado, Tolima, Colombia in a previous study and stored in a strain bank in our laboratory. Fifteen Salmonella strains were evaluated through endpoint PCR to determine the presence of resistance genes and virulence genes. The genes blaTEM, strB, and sul1 were detected in all the strains that confer resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, and sulfamethoxazole, as well as the virulence genes invA, pefA, prgH, spaN, tolC, sipB, sitC, pagC, msgA, spiA, sopB, sifA, lpfA, csgA, hilA, orgA, iroN, avrA, and sivH, indicating the possible role of babilla (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) as a carrier of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Rodríguez-Hernández
- Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tolima, Altos the Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia
| | - María Paula Herrera-Sánchez
- Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tolima, Altos the Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia
- Immunobiology and Pathogenesis Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tolima, Altos the Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia
| | - Julián David Ortiz-Muñoz
- Immunobiology and Pathogenesis Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tolima, Altos the Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia
| | - Cristina Mora-Rivera
- Biodiversity and Dynamics of Tropical Ecosystems Research Group, University of Tolima, Altos the Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia
| | - Iang Schroniltgen Rondón-Barragán
- Poultry Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tolima, Altos the Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia
- Immunobiology and Pathogenesis Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tolima, Altos the Santa Helena, A.A 546, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-300-498-1037
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Jeamsripong S, Thaotumpitak V, Anuntawirun S, Roongrojmongkhon N, Atwill ER, Hinthong W. Molecular Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Profiles of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Vibrio spp. Isolated from Coastal Seawater for Aquaculture. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121688. [PMID: 36551345 PMCID: PMC9774326 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of waterborne antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria in areas of high-density oyster cultivation is an ongoing environmental and public health threat given the popularity of shellfish consumption, water-related human recreation throughout coastal Thailand, and the geographical expansion of Thailand's shellfish industry. This study characterized the association of phenotypic and genotypic AMR, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production, and virulence genes isolated from waterborne Escherichia coli (E. coli) (n = 84), Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) subsp. enterica (n = 12), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) (n = 249), and Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) (n = 39) from Thailand's coastal aquaculture regions. All Salmonella (100.0%) and half of V. cholerae (51.3%) isolates harbored their unique virulence gene, invA and ompW, respectively. The majority of isolates of V. parahaemolyticus and E. coli, ~25% of S. enterica subsp. enterica, and ~12% of V. cholerae, exhibited phenotypic AMR to multiple antimicrobials, with 8.9% of all coastal water isolates exhibiting multidrug resistance (MDR). Taken together, we recommend that coastal water quality surveillance programs include monitoring for bacterial AMR for food safety and recreational water exposure to water for Thailand's coastal water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saharuetai Jeamsripong
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +662-218-9579
| | - Varangkana Thaotumpitak
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Saran Anuntawirun
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nawaphorn Roongrojmongkhon
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Edward R. Atwill
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Woranich Hinthong
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
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Fidler K, Dudley J, Cloke R, Nicholls M, Greig DR, Dallman TJ, Chattaway MA, Godbole G. Salmonella Paratyphi B; Public Health and Parental Choice: When to Treat Asymptomatic Carriers of Infection? Pediatr Infect Dis J 2021; 40:e374-e378. [PMID: 34321443 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella Paratyphi B (Paratyphoid B) is a rare infection and a notifiable disease in England. Disease is typically mild, and chronic carriage in children has been described in endemic countries. Almost all cases in England are imported, with very few cases of community transmission reported. METHODS The aim of this work was to describe an unusual cluster of Paratyphoid B cases transmitted within England, examining clinical, epidemiologic and microbiologic data. Detailed phylogenetic analysis is presented to corroborate public health epidemiologic links between cases. RESULTS One child had recently returned from an endemic area and had mild gastrointestinal symptoms. One year later, 2 other children with no travel history developed invasive disease requiring hospitalization. Epidemiologic links confirmed person-to-person spread between these three cases. All isolates of S. Paratyphi B (n = 93) received by the Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit between 2014 and 2019 were typed using whole genome sequencing. Three cases of Paratyphoid B were identified in the same geographical location over a 2-year period. S. Paratyphi B strains isolated from the stool and blood of the three cases were closely linked (0-5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms) using whole genome sequencing. CONCLUSIONS This case series highlights the potential public health risks of paratyphoid B and the range of pediatric complications associated with this illness, especially in younger children. Although rare, chronic carriage of Paratyphoid B can lead to transmission in nonendemic areas and should be considered in all children presenting with signs of enteric fever even where there is no history of foreign travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Fidler
- From the Department of Academic Paediatrics, Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital and
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton
| | - Julia Dudley
- From the Department of Academic Paediatrics, Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital and
| | - Rachel Cloke
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London
| | - Margot Nicholls
- Surrey and Sussex Health Protection Team, Public Health England SE Region, Horsham, West Sussex
| | - David R Greig
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London
- Division of Infection and Immunity, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Dallman
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London
- Division of Infection and Immunity, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Anne Chattaway
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London
| | - Gauri Godbole
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London
- Department of Clinical Parasitology, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London
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Rahman SIA, Taylor-Brown A, Khanam F, Khan AI, Horesh G, Dyson ZA, Begum YA, Chowdhury EK, Qadri F, Dougan G, Thomson NR. Genome-wide analysis provides a deeper understanding of the population structure of the Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi B complex in Bangladesh. Microb Genom 2021; 7. [PMID: 34550065 PMCID: PMC8715441 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi B complex causes a wide range of diseases, from gastroenteritis to paratyphoid fever, depending on the biotypes Java and sensu stricto. The burden of Paratyphi B biotypes in Bangladesh is still unknown, as these are indistinguishable by Salmonella serotyping. Here, we conducted the first whole-genome sequencing (WGS) study on 79 Salmonella isolates serotyped as Paratyphi B that were collected from 10 nationwide enteric disease surveillance sites in Bangladesh. Placing these in a global genetic context revealed that these are biotype Java, and the addition of these genomes expanded the previously described PG4 clade containing Bangladeshi and UK isolates. Importantly, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes were scarce amongst Bangladeshi S. Java isolates, somewhat surprisingly given the widespread availability of antibiotics without prescription. This genomic information provides important insights into the significance of S. Paratyphi B biotypes in enteric disease and their implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Isfat Ara Rahman
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Alyce Taylor-Brown
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Farhana Khanam
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ashraful Islam Khan
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Gal Horesh
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zoe A Dyson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Yasmin Ara Begum
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Emran Kabir Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Gordon Dougan
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas R Thomson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
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