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Losada S, Chacón N, Colmenares C, Bermúdez H, Lorenzo A, Pointier JP, Theron A, Alarcón de Noya B, Noya O. Schistosoma: Cross-reactivity and antigenic community among different species. Exp Parasitol 2005; 111:182-90. [PMID: 16165128 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2005.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2005] [Revised: 07/22/2005] [Accepted: 07/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is not unusual to find common molecules among different species of the genus Schistosoma. When those molecules are antigenic, they may be used in immunodiagnosis and vaccines, but they could also be applied to taxonomic and evolutionary studies. To study cross-reactivity and antigenic community among different species of schistosomes, plasmas from laboratory animals infected with Schistosoma bovis, S. guineensis, S. rodhaini, S. haematobium, and four strains of S. mansoni were evaluated with a crude extract of adult worms of S. mansoni by Western blot. Using the multiple antigen blot assay, plasmas from these infected animals were exposed to a selected group of synthetic peptides from Sm28GST, Sm28TPI, Sm elastase, Sm97, Sm32, Sm31, and Sm Cathepsin L. The results presented herein demonstrate differential cross-reactivity and antigenic community among the Mansoni and Haematobium groups of schistosomes, which is of relevance as an additional new tool for phylogenetic studies of schistosomes as well as for diagnosis and vaccine purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Losada
- Sección de Biohelmintiasis, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Escuela de Medicina Luis Razetti, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Apartado 47623, Los Chaguaramos 1041-A, Caracas, Venezuela.
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2
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Corrêa-Oliveira R, Golgher DB, Oliveira GC, Carvalho OS, Massara CL, Caldas IR, Colley DG, Gazzinelli G. Infection with Schistosoma mansoni correlates with altered immune responses to Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm. Acta Trop 2002; 83:123-32. [PMID: 12088853 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-706x(02)00108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies were performed on humoral and cellular immune responses of patients from areas in Brazil endemic for hookworm and Ascaris lumbricoides, and either endemic or non-endemic for Schistosoma mansoni. Humoral and cellular responses were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation assays against larval hookworm antigens, A. lumbricoides egg antigens, and soluble egg antigens (SEA) or soluble whole adult antigenic preparation (SWAP) from S. mansoni. Patients from S. mansoni-endemic areas, who currently had only hookworm or Ascaris infections, expressed lower humoral and cellular responses to hookworm or Ascaris antigens, respectively, than did their counterparts from areas not endemic for S. mansoni. Individuals from S. mansoni endemic area, although without detectable S. mansoni infection, do mount humoral and cellular responses to SEA and SWAP. This group of individuals has been probably in contact with S. mansoni antigens, since the groups harboring A. lumbricoides or hookworm infections from non-S. mansoni endemic areas do not have detectable anti-S. mansoni responses. PBMC proliferative responses discriminated well between patients with active hookworm infections versus ascariasis, if they were from areas not endemic for S. mansoni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Corrêa-Oliveira
- Lab. de Immunologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-FIOCRUZ, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30190-002, Brazil.
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Abdul-Salam F, Mansour MH. Identification and localization of a schistosome-associated fucosyllactose determinant expressed by Fasciola hepatica. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2000; 23:99-111. [PMID: 10670699 DOI: 10.1016/s0147-9571(99)00063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A Biomphalaria alexandrina-derived lectin (BaSII), of proven specificity to a Schistosoma mansoni-associated fucosyllactose [(Fuc alpha1-2) Gal beta1-4 Glc] determinant, was employed to investigate the putative antigenic cross-reactivity between Schistosoma mansoni and Fasciola hepatica in terms of this structurally-defined oligosaccharide sequence. BaSII affinity column chromatography of extracts of adult worms metabolically radiolabelled with 35S-methionine and analysis by two-dimensional gels established the expression of the fucosyllactose determinant in multiple copies among heterogeneous, acidic glycoproteins synthesized by adult Fasciola hepatica. Direct fluorescence microscopy revealed that determinant-bearing glycoproteins were localized to the external glycocalyx and perikarya of the tegument as well as the epithelial lining of the intestinal caeca and vitelline ducts and glands. Determinant expression was also evident in embryonated cells of eggs and miracidia as well as the intermediate cellular wall of encysted metacercariae, suggesting its conservation during the course of development of the parasite. Based on the structural relatedness of the cross-reactive fucosyllactose determinant to the antigenic mammalian blood group H trisaccharide, our observations may have implications in serodiagnosis and immunoprophylaxis of schistosomiasis/fascioliasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Abdul-Salam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat
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Abstract
Schistosomes are trematodes known as blood flukes that cause schistosomiasis in people and animals. The male and female worms reside mainly in intestinal veins where they lay eggs that result in a wide-ranging pathology in infected individuals. A growing body of evidence indicates that carbohydrates on glycoproteins, glycolipids and glycosaminoglycans synthesized by the parasite are targets of humoral immunity and may play a role in modulating host immune responses. Carbohydrate antigens may provide protective immunity against infection. In addition, recent evidence indicates that glycoconjugates and carbohydrate-binding proteins from the parasites and their hosts participate in egg adhesion and granuloma formation involved in disease pathology. This review will highlight our current knowledge of the glycoconjugates synthesized by the parasites and their immunological and biological properties. There is increasing anticipation in the field that information about the glycobiology of these parasites may lead to carbohydrate-based vaccines and diagnostics for the disease and perhaps new therapies for treating infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Cummings
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73104, USA.
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Alarcón de Noya B, Colmenares C, Losada S, Fermin Z, Masroua G, Ruiz L, Soto L, Noya O. Do intestinal parasites interfere with the seroepidemiologic surveillance of Schistosoma mansoni infection? Epidemiol Infect 1996; 116:323-9. [PMID: 8666077 PMCID: PMC2271428 DOI: 10.1017/s095026880005264x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In view of the known cross-reactivity of sera from patients with intestinal parasites to some Schistosoma mansoni antigens, field work was conducted in an area of Venezuela non-endemic for schistosomiasis using the routine immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) with soluble egg antigen (SEA). False positive reactions represented 15.3% of the total population as determined by SEA-ELISA. SEA-immunoblotting of the false positive sera indicated that protein fractions of 91 and 80 kDa appear to be responsible for cross-reactivity. Sera from hookworm infected individuals produced a higher frequency and intensity of cross-reaction than other sera. SEA-fractions of 105, 54, 46, 42, 32, 25 and 15 kDa were the most specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Alarcón de Noya
- Sección de Biohelmintiasis, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
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Marín MS, Prieto M, Martín JM, Casais R, Boga JA, Parra F. Identification and expression of a Fasciola hepatica gene encoding a gut antigen protein bearing repetitive sequences. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1992; 55:155-65. [PMID: 1435867 DOI: 10.1016/0166-6851(92)90136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A Fasciola hepatica cDNA clone of about 2 kb was isolated from an expression library by immunological screening using blood serum from an experimentally infected calf. The cDNA clone hybridised to a RNA of about 3 kb in a Northern blot experiment. The nucleotide sequence of the cDNA revealed the presence of an open reading frame of 1636 bp which encoded 24 tandemly arranged 20-amino acid-long repeats, followed by 65 non-repeated residues preceding the stop codon. This antigen was expressed in Escherichia coli as beta-galactosidase fusion proteins which were used for the production of specific antibodies. Immunofluorescence studies using specific antifusion sera revealed that the antigen was specifically expressed in the parasite intestine epithelial cells. Due to its early appearance it might be possible to design diagnostic assays based on this repeated antigen for identification of recently infected animals.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Helminth/blood
- Antibodies, Helminth/immunology
- Antigens, Helminth/analysis
- Antigens, Helminth/genetics
- Antigens, Helminth/immunology
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Western
- Cattle
- Cattle Diseases/parasitology
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA/chemistry
- Fasciola hepatica/genetics
- Fasciola hepatica/immunology
- Fascioliasis/parasitology
- Fascioliasis/veterinary
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Library
- Genes, Helminth
- Immune Sera/immunology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Marín
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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Riengrojpitak S, Vojvodic M, Boot C, Wilson RA. Reactivity of anti-tegument monoclonal antibodies with target epitopes in different worm tissues and developmental stages of Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitology 1989; 98 Pt 2:213-25. [PMID: 2474789 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182000062120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen monoclonal antibodies (MABs) were selected for their reactivity with adult schistosome tegument. The distribution of target epitopes in different tissues of the adult and in various developmental stages was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence. The distinct patterns of reactivity of the MABs permitted their classification into 9 groups. The distribution of epitopes in larvae, particularly 3 h schistosomula, generally mirrored that in adults. A change in distribution of epitopes coincided with transformation from cercaria to schistosomulum providing a marker for this process. Two MABs reacted with surface membranes of intact cercariae, and 5 with the surfaces of intact 3 h schistosomula. The target epitopes of these 5 MABs were present in the tegument of adults, but not accessible externally. These observations suggest masking of antigens, not shedding, in the course of development. Indeed, no MAB reacted with intact lung or liver worms unless they were damaged. Three MABs reacted with membranes of the tegument and most other tissues, implying properties in common. Evidence for shared functions between epithelia was provided by the reactivity of 2 MABs with the tegument and protonephridia. Eight MABs bound both to the tegument and its cell bodies. Since the latter contains the machinery for protein synthesis, it is difficult to explain why 5 MABs bound to the tegument alone. Little cross-reactivity was found with the tissues of the tapeworm Hymenolepis, rather more with the closely related Schistosoma japonicum. It was concluded that tegument antigens are to a degree tissue specific but definitely not stage specific.
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Abbas MK, Foster LA, Cain GD. Soluble proteins from Schistosoma mansoni and japonicum: a comparative biochemical and immunological analysis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 93:635-42. [PMID: 2667879 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(89)90388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
1. Soluble proteins were recovered from male Schistosoma mansoni after homogenization in Tris-HCl buffer containing 0.6 M KCl and 1.0% Triton X-100 followed by preparative electrophoresis on SDS-gel. 2. Polyclonal antibodies produced in mice against the soluble fraction were used in comparative analysis of S. mansoni and S. japonicum using immunoblots and immunoprecipitation of in vitro translated polypeptides. 3. Small molecular weight polypeptide (20-22 kdalton), identified by infected mouse serum (IMS) on immunoblots, was predominant in females and was not cross-reactive with heterologous IMS. 4. A 41-43 kdalton polypeptide which appeared as a doublet on immunoblots performed with polyclonal antiserum 4M, was predominant in males of both species although the polypeptides of S. mansoni showed slower electrophoretic mobility, and therefore the larger size (43 kdalton), than that of S. japonicum. 5. Comparison of fluorograms of the immunoprecipitates of in vitro translated polypeptides indicated that IMS of S. mansoni precipitated two, 30 and 94 kdalton, polypeptides while the IMS of S. japonicum identified at 72 kdalton polypeptide. Antisera 1M, 2M and 4M also showed similarities and differences in polypeptides of in vitro translation products of the two species of Schistosoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Abbas
- Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242
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Molecular identity of a major antigen of Schistosoma mansoni which cross-reacts with Trichinella spiralis and Fasciola hepatica. Parasitology 1986; 92 ( Pt 1):133-51. [PMID: 2421229 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182000063502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A glycoprotein cross-reactive among Schistosoma mansoni, Trichinella spiralis and Fasciola hepatica was identified and characterized by use of monoclonal antibodies prepared against S. mansoni glycoproteins. Four monoclonal antibodies recognized the same antigen which was one of the major S. mansoni glycoproteins precipitated by sera of hosts infected with either S. mansoni or T. spiralis. This antigen was expressed in S. mansoni cercariae, adult male and female worms, and eggs, and in S. haematobium but not in S. japonicum. Radio-immunoprecipitation and partial proteolytic digest mapping showed that the monoclonal antibodies each recognized a unique epitope. These epitopes were heat labile, sensitive to chaotropic agents, but resistant to reduction and alkylation or digestion with glycosidases, indicating that the recognition sites were amino acids and not carbohydrates. Epitopes recognized by the four monoclonal antibodies were expressed in F. hepatica, whereas only two were expressed in T. spiralis. Analysis by immunofluorescence microscopy showed that the antigen was expressed in S. mansoni in the parenchymal tissue and on the surface of the dorsal tubercles; in mature F. hepatica in the parenchymal tissue, vitelline glands and eggs; in immature F. hepatica only in the parenchymal tissue and in larval T. spiralis in the hypodermis.
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Dalton JP, Tom TD, Strand M. Fasciola hepatica: comparison of immature and mature immunoreactive glycoproteins. Parasite Immunol 1985; 7:643-57. [PMID: 2869467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A comparison of the 35S-methionine metabolically labelled immunoreactive glycoproteins of immature and mature F. hepatica was carried out by one-and two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Sera of rabbits infected for 3 weeks reacted much more strongly with glycoproteins of immature flukes than with glycoproteins of mature flukes as compared to sera of rabbits infected for 9 weeks. Several of the immunoreactive glycoproteins were also released by immature F. hepatica into the culture medium. At least one was a component of the T1 type granules. Analysis of the in vitro translation products of mature F. hepatica indicated that the initial humoral immune response of rabbit hosts may be directed against carbohydrate moieties.
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