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Niu XB, Li YP, Wang J, Mei XL, Zhao XY, Liu TT, Xu SS, Han XM, Cheng JL. Diagnostic value of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for predicting the pathological grade of prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2287120. [PMID: 38117551 PMCID: PMC10761109 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2287120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of relevant parameters of 18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 PET/CT in predicting the pathological grade of primary prostate cancer. Briefly, a prospective analysis was performed on 53 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by systematic puncture biopsy, followed by 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT examination prior to treatment within 10 d. The patients were grouped in accordance with the Gleason grading system revised by the International Association of Urology Pathology (ISUP). They were divided into high-grade group (ISUP 4-5 group) and low-grade group (ISUP 1-3 group). The differences in maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), intraprostatic PSMA-derived tumor volume (iPSMA-TV), and intraprostatic total lesion PSMA (iTL-PSMA) between the high- and low-grade group were statistically significant (p < .001). No significant difference was found for mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) between the high- and low-grade groups (Z = -1.131, p = .258). Besides, binary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only iPSMA-TV and iTL-PSMA were independent predictors of the pathological grading, for which the odds ratios were 18.821 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.040-173.614, p = .010] and 0.758 (95% CI: 0.613-0.938, p = .011), respectively. The area under the ROC of this regression model was 0.983 (95% CI: 0.958-1.00, p < .001). Only iTL-PSMA was a significant parameter for distinguishing ISUP-4 and ISUP-5 groups (Z = -2.043, p = .041). In a nutshell, 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT has good application value in predicting the histopathological grade of primary prostate cancer. Three-dimensional volume metabolism parameters iPSMA-TV and iTL-PSMA were found to be independent predictors for pathological grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Niu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Peng Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Mei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sha-Sha Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Min Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Liang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
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Miceli A, Liberini V, Pepe G, Dondi F, Vento A, Jonghi Lavarini L, Celesti G, Gazzilli M, Serani F, Guglielmo P, Buschiazzo A, Filice R, Alongi P, Laudicella R, Santo G. Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography Oncological Applications beyond Prostate Cancer in Comparison to Other Radiopharmaceuticals. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1002. [PMID: 38786300 PMCID: PMC11119694 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells in most of the patients affected by prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa). However, PSMA expression has also been demonstrated in the endothelial cells of newly formed vessels of various solid tumors, suggesting a role for PSMA in neoangiogenesis. In this scenario, gallium-68 (68Ga) or fluoro-18 (18F)-labeled PSMA positron emission tomography (PET) may play a role in tumors other than PCa, generally evaluated employing other radiopharmaceuticals targeting different pathways. This review aims to investigate the detection rate of PSMA-PET compared to other radiopharmaceuticals (especially [18F]FDG) in non-prostate tumors to identify patients who may benefit from the use of such a theragnostic agent. METHODS We performed a bibliographic search on three different databases until February 2024 using the following terms: "positron emission tomography", "PET", "PET/CT", "Prostate-specific membrane antigen", "PSMA", "non-prostate", "not prostate cancer", "solid tumor", "FDG", "Fluorodeoxyglucose", "FAPi", "FET", "MET", "DOPA", "choline", "FCH", "FES", "DOTATOC", "DOTANOC", and "DOTATATE". Only original articles edited in English with at least 10 patients were included. RESULTS Out of a total of 120 articles, only 25 original articles comparing PSMA with other radiotracers were included in this study. The main evidence was demonstrated in renal cell carcinoma, where PSMA showed a higher detection rate compared to [18F]FDG PET/CT, with implications for patient management. PSMA PET may also improve the assessment of other entities, such as gliomas, in defining regions of early neoangiogenesis. Further data are needed to evaluate the potential role of PSMA-PET in triple-negative breast cancer as a novel therapeutic vascular target. Finally, unclear applications of PSMA-PET include thyroid and gastrointestinal tumors. CONCLUSIONS The present review shows the potential use of PSMA-labeled PET/CT in solid tumors beyond PCa, underlining its value over other radiopharmaceuticals (mainly [18F]FDG). Prospective clinical trials with larger sample sizes are crucial to further investigate these possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Miceli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Virginia Liberini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, ASO S.Croce e Carle Cuneo, 12100 Cuneo, Italy; (V.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Giovanna Pepe
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo—Pavia V.le Camillo Golgi, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Dondi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Antonio Vento
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, ASP 1—P.O. San Giovanni di Dio, 92100 Agrigento, Italy;
| | | | - Greta Celesti
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and of Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Maria Gazzilli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, ASL Bari—Di Venere Bari, 70131 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesca Serani
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Presidio Ospedaliero Santo Spirito, 65124 Pescara, Italy;
| | - Priscilla Guglielmo
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Ambra Buschiazzo
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, ASO S.Croce e Carle Cuneo, 12100 Cuneo, Italy; (V.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Rossella Filice
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, University Hospital “Paolo Giaccone”, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Pierpaolo Alongi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Ospedali Civico, Di Cristina e Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Laudicella
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and of Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Giulia Santo
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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3
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Hekman L, Napierkowski E, Hartman NC, Ellis JL, Wagner RH, Bova D, Picken MM, Flanigan RC. Incidental Discovery of Hepatocellular Carcinoma on 18F-PSMA PET CT Performed for Prostate Cancer Reassessment. Case Rep Surg 2023; 2023:1458175. [PMID: 38125746 PMCID: PMC10733019 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1458175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to identify prostate cancer in the setting of biochemical recurrence but can also identify other malignancies. 18F-PSMA PET has not been studied as a potential tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We describe the case of a 76-year-old male with a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after definitive prostate cancer treatment and no prior liver pathology who was incidentally found to have HCC on 18F-PSMA PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hekman
- Loyola University Medical Center, Department of Urology, USA
| | | | | | | | - Robert H. Wagner
- Loyola University Medical Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, USA
| | - Davide Bova
- Loyola University Medical Center, Department of Radiology, USA
| | - Maria M. Picken
- Loyola University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, USA
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Ozkan E, Demir B, Oz DK, Soydal C, Dursun E, Celebioglu EC, Idilman R, Kucuk NO. Demonstration of therapy response to radioembolization with 90Y resin microspheres on 68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 51:316-317. [PMID: 37632564 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elgin Ozkan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara University Medical School, Cebeci, Ankara, 06590, Turkey
| | - Burak Demir
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara University Medical School, Cebeci, Ankara, 06590, Turkey.
| | - Digdem Kuru Oz
- Department of Radiology, Ankara University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Soydal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara University Medical School, Cebeci, Ankara, 06590, Turkey
| | - Ecenur Dursun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara University Medical School, Cebeci, Ankara, 06590, Turkey
| | | | - Ramazan Idilman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Ankara University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Ozlem Kucuk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara University Medical School, Cebeci, Ankara, 06590, Turkey
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5
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Wang Z, Cong Y, Jiang Y, Shi L. A case of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma detected with 18F-PSMA-1007 positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:7374-7378. [PMID: 37869286 PMCID: PMC10585494 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Weihai Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Weihai, China
| | - Yingzhen Cong
- Department of Health Service, Weihai Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Weihai, China
| | - Yingdan Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Weihai Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Weihai, China
| | - Lu Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Weihai Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Weihai, China
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Nyakale N, Filippi L, Aldous C, Sathekge M. Update on PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071975. [PMID: 37046636 PMCID: PMC10093680 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous positron emission tomography (PET) targets for detection and staging of hepatocellular cancer have been developed in recent years. Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) are clinically and pathologically heterogeneous tumours with a high tendency to be aggressive and unresponsive to chemotherapy. Early detection is essential, and the need for an adequate imaging biomarker, which can overcome some of the limitations of conventional radiological imaging, is persistent. Flourine-18 (18F) flourodeoxyglucose (FDG), the most widely used PET radiopharmaceutical, has proven disappointing as a possible staple in the evaluation of HCC. This disappointment had led to experimentation with carious radiotracers, such as the choline derivatives, acetate, and prostate-specific membrane antigen, which appear to complement and/or enhance the role of FDG. In this study, we look at the various PET radiopharmaceuticals that have been used for imaging HCC and the particular pathways that they target in HCC and liver cancers.
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PSMA Receptor-Based PET-CT: The Basics and Current Status in Clinical and Research Applications. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13010158. [PMID: 36611450 PMCID: PMC9818911 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a 100 kD, 750 amino acid (AA) long type II transmembrane glycoprotein that has a short N-terminal intracellular domain with 19 AA, 24 AA transmembrane proteins and a large C-terminal extracellular domain with 707 AA. PSMA has been mapped to chromosome 11p 11-12 in the region of the folate hydrolase gene (FOLH1) and has no known natural ligand. The protein possesses enzymatic activity-glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP-II)-and is thought to have role in folate uptake (FOLH1 gene). 'PSMA' expression, although significantly up-regulated in prostate carcinoma (more in high-risk and aggressive variants), is not exclusive for it and is noted in various other benign and malignant conditions, especially in the neovasculature. Currently, PSMA PET-CT is approved for high-risk and biochemically recurrent prostate carcinoma (PCa), and in patient selection for PSMA based theranostics. This review aims to highlight the clinical evolution of the PSMA molecule and PSMA PET-CT as a diagnostic modality, various indications of PSMA PET-CT, the appropriateness criteria for its use, pitfalls and artefacts, and other uses of PSMA PET apart from prostate carcinoma.
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8
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Rizzo A, Racca M, Albano D, Dondi F, Bertagna F, Annunziata S, Treglia G. Can PSMA-Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals Be Useful for Detecting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Positron Emission Tomography? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1368. [PMID: 36355540 PMCID: PMC9699564 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies proposed the use of positron emission tomography (PET) with Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our aim is to calculate the detection rate (DR) of this examination in HCC with a meta-analysis. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of studies on the DR of PET/CT or PET/MRI with PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in HCC was performed. Original articles evaluating these imaging examinations both in newly diagnosed HCC patients and HCC patients with disease relapse were included. Pooled DR including 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was calculated. Statistical heterogeneity was also assessed using the I2 test. RESULTS The meta-analysis of six selected studies (126 patients) provided a DR of 85.9% for PET imaging with PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in the diagnosis of HCC. Moderate statistical heterogeneity among the included studies was found (I2 = 56%). CONCLUSIONS The quantitative data provided demonstrate the high DR of PET/CT or PET/MRI with PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals for HCC lesion detection. However, more studies are needed to confirm the promising role of PSMA-targeted PET in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Rizzo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO—IRCCS, 10060 Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Racca
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO—IRCCS, 10060 Turin, Italy
| | - Domenico Albano
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Dondi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertagna
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Annunziata
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Treglia
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6501 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
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9
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PSMA Expression in Solid Tumors beyond the Prostate Gland: Ready for Theranostic Applications? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216590. [PMID: 36362824 PMCID: PMC9657217 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, the expanding use of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) imaging for prostate cancer has led to the incidental detection of a lot of extra-prostatic malignancies showing an increased uptake of PSMA. Due to these incidental findings, the increasing amount of immunohistochemistry studies and the deeper knowledge of the mechanisms of expression of this antigen, it is now clear that “PSMA” is a misnomer, since it is not specific to the prostate gland. Nevertheless, this lack of specificity could represent an interesting opportunity to bring new insights on the biology of PSMA and its sites of expression to image and treat new conditions, particularly several cancers. In this review, we will describe the main extra-prostatic cancers that exhibit PSMA expression and that can be studied with PSMA-based positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) as an additional or alternative tool to conventional imaging. In particular, we will focus on cancers in which a radioligand therapy with 177lutetium has been attempted, aiming to provide an overview of the possible future theragnostic applications of PSMA.
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Rizzo A, Dall’Armellina S, Pizzuto DA, Perotti G, Zagaria L, Lanni V, Treglia G, Racca M, Annunziata S. PSMA Radioligand Uptake as a Biomarker of Neoangiogenesis in Solid Tumours: Diagnostic or Theragnostic Factor? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4039. [PMID: 36011032 PMCID: PMC9406909 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14164039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its overexpression on the surface of prostate cancer cells, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a relatively novel effective target for molecular imaging and radioligand therapy (RLT) in prostate cancer. Recent studies reported that PSMA is expressed in the neovasculature of various types of cancer and regulates tumour cell invasion as well as tumour angiogenesis. Several authors explored the role of diagnostic and therapeutic PSMA radioligands in various malignancies. In this narrative review, we describe the current status of the literature on PSMA radioligands' application in solid tumours other than prostate cancer to explore their potential role as diagnostic or therapeutic agents, with particular regard to the relevance of PSMA radioligand uptake as neoangiogenetic biomarker. Hence, a comprehensive review of the literature was performed to find relevant articles on the applications of PSMA radioligands in non-prostate solid tumours. Data on the general, methodological and clinical aspects of all included studies were collected. Forty full-text papers were selected for final review, 8 of which explored PSMA radioligand PET/CT performances in gliomas, 3 in salivary gland malignancies, 6 in thyroid cancer, 2 in breast cancer, 16 in renal cell carcinoma and 5 in hepatocellular carcinoma. In the included studies, PSMA radioligand PET showed promising performance in patients with non-prostate solid tumours. Further studies are needed to better define its potential role in oncological patients management, especially in those undergoing antineoangiogenic therapies, and to assess the efficacy of PSMA-RLT in this clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Rizzo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO—IRCCS, 10060 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Dall’Armellina
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, 10134 Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Antonio Pizzuto
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Germano Perotti
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Zagaria
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Lanni
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Treglia
- Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6501 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Racca
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO—IRCCS, 10060 Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Annunziata
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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11
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Koppula BR, Fine GC, Salem AE, Covington MF, Wiggins RH, Hoffman JM, Morton KA. PET-CT in Clinical Adult Oncology: III. Gastrointestinal Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112668. [PMID: 35681647 PMCID: PMC9179927 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Positron emission tomography (PET), typically combined with computed tomography (CT), has become a critical advanced imaging technique in oncology. With PET-CT, a radioactive molecule (radiotracer) is injected in the bloodstream and localizes to sites of tumor because of specific cellular features of the tumor that accumulate the targeting radiotracer. The CT scan, performed at the same time, provides information to facilitate the characterization of radioactivity from deep or dense structures, and to provide detailed anatomic information. PET-CT has a variety of applications in oncology, including staging, therapeutic response assessment, restaging and surveillance. This series of six review articles provides an overview of the value, applications, and imaging interpretive strategies of PET-CT in the more common adult malignancies. The third report in this series provides a review of PET-CT imaging in gastrointestinal malignancies. Abstract PET-CT is an advanced imaging modality with many oncologic applications, including staging, assessment of response to therapy, restaging and longitudinal surveillance for recurrence. The goal of this series of six review articles is to provide practical information to providers and imaging professionals regarding the best use of PET-CT for specific oncologic indications, and the potential pitfalls and nuances that characterize these applications. In the third of these review articles, key tumor-specific clinical information and representative PET-CT images are provided to outline the role that PET-CT plays in the management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. The focus is on the use of 18F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), rather than on research radiopharmaceuticals under development. Many different types of gastrointestinal tumors exist, both pediatric and adult. A discussion of the role of FDG PET-CT for all of these is beyond the scope of this review. Rather, this article focuses on the most common adult gastrointestinal malignancies that may be encountered in clinical practice. The information provided here will provide information outlining the appropriate role of PET-CT in the clinical management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies for healthcare professionals caring for adult cancer patients. It also addresses the nuances and provides interpretive guidance related to PET-CT for imaging providers, including radiologists, nuclear medicine physicians and their trainees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhasker R. Koppula
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (B.R.K.); (G.C.F.); (A.E.S.); (M.F.C.); (R.H.W.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Gabriel C. Fine
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (B.R.K.); (G.C.F.); (A.E.S.); (M.F.C.); (R.H.W.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Ahmed Ebada Salem
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (B.R.K.); (G.C.F.); (A.E.S.); (M.F.C.); (R.H.W.); (J.M.H.)
- Department of Radio Diagnosis and Intervention, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Matthew F. Covington
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (B.R.K.); (G.C.F.); (A.E.S.); (M.F.C.); (R.H.W.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Richard H. Wiggins
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (B.R.K.); (G.C.F.); (A.E.S.); (M.F.C.); (R.H.W.); (J.M.H.)
| | - John M. Hoffman
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (B.R.K.); (G.C.F.); (A.E.S.); (M.F.C.); (R.H.W.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Kathryn A. Morton
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (B.R.K.); (G.C.F.); (A.E.S.); (M.F.C.); (R.H.W.); (J.M.H.)
- Summit Physician Specialists, Intermountain Healthcare Hospitals, Murray, UT 84123, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-801-581-7553
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Pandey S, Malviya G, Chottova Dvorakova M. Role of Peptides in Diagnostics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168828. [PMID: 34445532 PMCID: PMC8396325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The specificity of a diagnostic assay depends upon the purity of the biomolecules used as a probe. To get specific and accurate information of a disease, the use of synthetic peptides in diagnostics have increased in the last few decades, because of their high purity profile and ability to get modified chemically. The discovered peptide probes are used either in imaging diagnostics or in non-imaging diagnostics. In non-imaging diagnostics, techniques such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), lateral flow devices (i.e., point-of-care testing), or microarray or LC-MS/MS are used for direct analysis of biofluids. Among all, peptide-based ELISA is considered to be the most preferred technology platform. Similarly, peptides can also be used as probes for imaging techniques, such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). The role of radiolabeled peptides, such as somatostatin receptors, interleukin 2 receptor, prostate specific membrane antigen, αβ3 integrin receptor, gastrin-releasing peptide, chemokine receptor 4, and urokinase-type plasminogen receptor, are well established tools for targeted molecular imaging ortumor receptor imaging. Low molecular weight peptides allow a rapid clearance from the blood and result in favorable target-to-non-target ratios. It also displays a good tissue penetration and non-immunogenicity. The only drawback of using peptides is their potential low metabolic stability. In this review article, we have discussed and evaluated the role of peptides in imaging and non-imaging diagnostics. The most popular non-imaging and imaging diagnostic platforms are discussed, categorized, and ranked, as per their scientific contribution on PUBMED. Moreover, the applicability of peptide-based diagnostics in deadly diseases, mainly COVID-19 and cancer, is also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Gaurav Malviya
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G611BD, UK;
| | - Magdalena Chottova Dvorakova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic;
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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