Injuries in Patients with Epilepsy and Some Factors Associated with Injury

The burden, risk factors and prevention strategies for drowning in Türkiye: a systematic literature review

INTRODUCTION

Drowning is a public health problem in Türkiye, as in the rest of the world. This study aims to systematically review the literature on drowning in Türkiye with a focus on data sources, epidemiology, risk factors and prevention strategies.

METHODS

Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, SPORTSDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, Turk MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Google Akademik (Turkish language). Studies (limited to original research written in English and Turkish) reporting drowning (unintentional and intentional; fatal and non-fatal) of residents and tourists in Türkiye were independently dual screened at the title and abstract and full text stages. Study quality was assessed using JBI checklists and evidence level assessed based on study design.

RESULTS

From a total of 917 studies, 49 met the inclusion criteria. Most (51%) focused on unintentional fatal drowning. Included studies were most commonly analytical cross-sectional studies (n = 23) and case series (n = 20) meaning the evidence level was low or very low for 48 (98%) studies. Fifteen studies examined drowning at the national level, while sub-national studies (n = 30) focused on urban areas across three provinces: Antalya (n = 6), Istanbul (n = 6), Izmir (n = 4). There was little consensus on risk factors beyond male drowning risk, and no data reported on implemented or evaluated drowning prevention interventions.

DISCUSSION

There is a need for more national-level studies to identify the causes of drowning and to guide intervention implementation and evaluation to inform policy makers and donors. Currently official data is limited in its detail, providing age and gender data only, hampering efforts to identify, and thus address, causal factors for drowning.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

There is currently very little evidence to inform investment in effective drowning prevention interventions in Türkiye. To improve this, data collection systems on drowning in Türkiye need to be strengthened via the development a national drowning registry.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

#CRD42022382615.

A Rare Case of Epileptic Seizure After-effect Resulting in Nontraumatic Spontaneous Subdural Hemorrhage

Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) result in diverse physiological alterations that are mostly short-lived and rarely lead to immediate serious consequences. Some early serious complications reported are head trauma and aspiration. While most cases of seizures are diagnosed readily from clinical history, some cases remain indolent and present later. A brain hemorrhage can have varied manifestations that warrant every clinician to be vigilant in diagnosis and management to prevent life-threatening complications. Furthermore, many reports have described seizures in patients operated for subdural hematoma (SDH), but to the best of our knowledge, none reveals SDH after the seizure. We encountered an unexpected incident of severe SDH in a 32-year-old adult following witnessed GTCS.

How to cite this article

Singh S, Kaushal A, Datta R, Unnithan RR, Mishra N. A Rare Case of Epileptic Seizure After-effect Resulting in Nontraumatic Spontaneous Subdural Hemorrhage. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(8):722-723.

Quadriplegia Following Epileptic Seizure : Things to Keep in Mind

People with epilepsy are believed to be at a higher risk of incurring accidental injury than people who do not have seizures. The incidence of injury, either due to seizure or accident as a consequent of seizure is also high and varies from 0.03% to 3%. The most common injuries are head contusions, lacerations, burns and fractures. In this article, we present a case of quadriplegia after a generalized epileptic seizure.