Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-308G/A Polymorphism and the Risk of Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-Analysis of Pooled Data from Twelve Case-Control Studies

Transplantation of autologous bone marrow pre-loaded ex vivo with oncolytic myxoma virus is efficacious against drug-resistant Vk*MYC mouse myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy of plasma cells that remains incurable despite significant progress with myeloablative regimens and autologous stem cell transplantation for eligible patients and, more recently with T cell redirected immunotherapy. Recently, we reported that ex vivo virotherapy with oncolytic myxoma virus (MYXV) improved MM-free survival in an autologous-transplant Balb/c mouse model. Here, we tested the Vk*MYC transplantable C57BL/6 mouse MM model that more closely recapitulates human disease. In vitro, the murine bortezomib-resistant Vk12598 cell line is fully susceptible to MYXV infection. In vivo results demonstrate: (i) autologous bone marrow (BM) leukocytes armed ex vivo with MYXV exhibit moderate therapeutic effects against MM cells pre-seeded into recipient mice; (ii) Cyclophosphamide in combination with BM/MYXV delays the onset of myeloma in mice seeded with Vk12598 cells; (iii) BM/MYXV synergizes with the Smac-mimetics LCL161 and with immune checkpoint inhibitor α-PD-1 to control the progression of established MM in vivo, resulting in significant improvement of survival rates and decreased of tumor burden; (iv) Survivor mice from (ii) and (iii), when re-challenged with fresh Vk12598 cells, developed acquired anti-MM immunity. These results highlight the utility of autologous BM grafts armed ex vivo with oncolytic MYXV alone or in combination with chemotherapy/immunotherapy to treat drug-resistant MM in vivo.

Association between TNF-α gene polymorphisms and susceptibility of myelodysplastic syndromes: a meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) constitute a heterogeneous group of clonal hematological diseases. Previous investigations reported that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene polymorphisms were associated with MDS susceptibility, but the results remained controversial. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to higher elucidate the correlation between TNF-α gene polymorphisms and MDS susceptibility.

METHODS

The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan Fang databases were searched for eligible literatures published up to July 2021. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to evaluate the strength of association.

RESULTS

Eight studies involving 1180 MDS patients and 1387 controls were included in this meta-analysis. For the TNF-α G308A polymorphism, we confirmed that the G allele (G versus A: P = 0.001), GG genotypes (GG versus GA: P = 0.005; GG versus GA + AA: P = 0.002), and GG + AA genotypes (GG + AA versus GA: P = 0.008) was significantly associated with decreased MDS susceptibility according to different genetic models. Furthermore, the G308A polymorphism was significantly correlated with decreased occurrence risk of MDS in the Caucasian population as compared with Asians in the above four genetic models (P < 0.05). However, no significant association was observed between the TNF-α G238A polymorphism and MDS risk.

CONCLUSION

This research showed that TNF-α G308A polymorphism might be a potential biomarker in early clinical screening of MDS, which would contribute to improving the individualized prevention of MDS patients in clinic.