Doma A, Zevnik K, Studen A, Prevodnik VK, Gasljevic G, Novakovic BJ. Detection performance and prognostic value of initial bone marrow involvement in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a single centre
18F-FDG PET/CT and bone marrow biopsy evaluation study.
Radiol Oncol 2024;
58:15-22. [PMID:
38378029 PMCID:
PMC10878769 DOI:
10.2478/raon-2024-0004]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Detection of bone marrow involvement (BMI) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) typically relies on invasive bone marrow biopsy (BMB) that faces procedure limitations, while 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging offers a noninvasive alternative. The present study assesses the performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in DLBCL BMI detection, its agreement with BMB, and the impact of BMI on survival outcomes.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This retrospective study analyzes baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT and BMB findings in145 stage II-IV DLBCL patients, evaluating both performance of the two diagnostic procedures and the impact of BMI on survival.
RESULTS
DLBCL BMI was detected in 38 patients (26.2%) using PET/CT and in 18 patients (12.4%) using BMB. Concordant results were seen in 79.3% of patients, with 20.7% showing discordant results. Combining PET/CT and BMB data, we identified 29.7% of patients with BMI. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of PET/CT for detecting DLBCL BMI were 88.4%, 100%, 100%, 95.3%, and 96.5%, respectively, while BMB showed lower sensitivity (41.9%) and NPV (46.8%). The median overall survival (OS) was not reached in any gender subgroup, with 5-year OS rates of 82% (total), 84% (female), and 80% (male) (p = 0.461), while different International Prognostic Index (IPI) groups exhibited varied 5-year OS rates: 94% for low risk (LR), 91% for low-intermediate risk (LIR), 84% for high-intermediate risk (HIR), and 65% for high risk (HR) (p = 0.0027). Bone marrow involvement did not impact OS significantly (p = 0.979).
CONCLUSIONS
18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to BMB. While other studies reported poorer overall and BMI 5-year OS in DLBCL, our findings demonstrated favourable survival data.
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