1
|
Schimmenti A, Billieux J, Santoro G, Casale S, Starcevic V. A trauma model of substance use: Elaboration and preliminary validation. Addict Behav 2022; 134:107431. [PMID: 35905595 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The current study expands on and integrates previous theoretical models concerning the pathways that link child maltreatment to substance use disorder. The proposed model, based on the self-medication hypothesis, suggests that experiences of neglect and abuse during childhood can lead to substance use and abuse both directly and indirectly, via dissociation resulting from failed attempts to integrate experiences of maltreatment in childhood. The model was tested on ten substances (painkillers, stimulants, sedatives, marijuana, cocaine, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin, inhalants, and methamphetamine) via structural equation modeling (SEM) in a sample comprising 1040 community-dwelling adults (67 % women) aged between 18 and 78 (M = 29.55, SD = 11.37). Fit indexes of the SEM were good, thus supporting the hypothesized model. Specific forms of child maltreatment were related to increased use of specific substances; however, experience of childhood neglect (both physical and emotional) was found to have a central role in predicting use of most substances. Although no single pathway can fully explain the origins of substance abuse, the current study provides evidence of a critical developmental pathway to it, with implications for theory and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Géopolis CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland; Center for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Gianluca Santoro
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Silvia Casale
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Unit, University of Florence, Via di San Salvi12, 50135 Florence, Italy.
| | - Vladan Starcevic
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Nepean Clinical School, PO Box 63, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sheng X, Yang M, Ge M, Zhang L, Huang C, Cui S, Yuan Q, Ye M, Zhou R, Cao P, Peng R, Zhang K, Zhou X. The relationship between Internet addiction and childhood trauma in adolescents: The mediating role of social support. Front Psychol 2022; 13:996086. [PMID: 36275326 PMCID: PMC9580040 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.996086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents are at high risk of Internet addiction (IA). Previous studies have shown that the occurrence of IA may be associated with childhood trauma and social support to varying degrees. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of IA in adolescents. Further, to explore the potential mediating role of social support in childhood trauma and IA. This study provides theoretical support for future interventions targeting IA in adolescents. Methods This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT) were used to conduct an anonymous questionnaire survey among randomly selected adolescents aged less than 18 years old in two cities in southern Anhui Province. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used to test the correlation between IA and other variables. A binary logistic regression model was used to explore the influencing factors of IA. Multiple regression models were examined with process macro and bootstrapping to confirm significant mediating effects. Results A total of 844 adolescents, equally divided between males and females, participated in this study, and the prevalence of IA in the region was 23.0%. Through the mediation test, the direct effect of childhood trauma on IA was 0.20 (95% CI [0.12, 0.27], p < 0.001), and the mediating effect of social support on childhood trauma and IA was 0.09 (95% CI [0.06, 0.14]). Conclusion The study showed that childhood trauma significantly affected the incidence of IA in adolescents. Social support had a significant mediating effect on childhood trauma and IA and attenuated its negative effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuanlian Sheng
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Menglin Ge
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cui Huang
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shu Cui
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiuyu Yuan
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengting Ye
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruochen Zhou
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Panpan Cao
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ran Peng
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Zhang,
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Xiaoqin Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li M, Cassis T, D'Arcy C, Low N, Meng X. Development and Validation of a Brief Form of the Childhood Adversities Questionnaire Among a Population of Mood Disorders. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP2288-NP2312. [PMID: 32618218 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520933038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Childhood adversities have significantly negative consequences on physical and mental health. The Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire, Version 3 (CECA.Q3) interview, as an extended version of the CECA.Q, is widely used in the assessment of childhood adversities. Although its reliability and validity have been demonstrated, the application of CECA.Q3 is limited due to its intensive and lengthy interview. This article aimed to develop and validate a brief form of the CECA.Q3 (CECA.Q3-BF) among a population of mood disorders. Data analyzed were from a clinical sample of 210 patients with mood disorders. Data were randomly split into training and testing datasets. The training data set was used for scale reduction by applying principal component factor analysis, while the testing one was used for cross-validation to examine whether the CECA.Q3-BF could have a good yield of accuracy. The optimal cutoff points of the CECA.Q3 were also tested. Overall, four out of eight subscales had items reduction without compromising their accuracy of measurements for childhood adversities. They are Antipathy (reduced by four items), Neglect (reduced by five items), Psychological Abuse (reduced by 15 items), and Role Reversal (reduced by 11 items). The CECA.Q3-BF removed 35 items (35/100, 35%) from the full CECA.Q3. The accuracy of CECA.Q3-BF was validated in the testing dataset. The CECA.Q3-BF offers a brief but good accuracy of measure for childhood adversities. Future studies are warranted to further validate this brief form. The CECA.Q3-BF is expected to improve the application of CECA.Q3 in clinical and epidemiological surveys, as it significantly reduces the length of the interview and therefore has better compliance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muzi Li
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Carl D'Arcy
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Nancy Low
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Seo J, Lee CS, Lee YJ, Lee MS, Bhang SY, Lee D. The Mediating Effect of Depressive Symptoms on the Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Problematic Internet Use in Children and Adolescents. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e282. [PMID: 32776724 PMCID: PMC7416000 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mediating effect of depressive symptoms on the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and problematic internet use. The study participants were 180 students between the ages of 9 and 18 years. Path analysis was performed to measure the relationships among ACEs, depressive symptoms and problematic internet use. ACEs significantly affected depressive symptoms (standardized regression weight, 0.36; P < 0.01), and depressive symptoms also affected problematic internet use (standardized regression weight, 0.40; P < 0.01). We found that depressive symptoms had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between problematic internet use and ACEs. The management of depressive symptoms would be important to prevent problematic internet use in children and adolescents with ACEs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeong Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Cheol Soon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Young Ji Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Mi Sun Lee
- Department of Meditation Psychology, Nungin University, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Soo Young Bhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Dongyun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Association of Problematic Internet Shopping with Dissociation among South Korean Internet Users. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093235. [PMID: 32384745 PMCID: PMC7246758 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study examined patterns of problematic shopping behavior by South Korean internet users to investigate the association between problematic internet shopping (PIS) and dissociative experiences.; Methods: Five hundred and ninety eight participants from 20–69 years old were recruited through an online panel survey. We gathered information about sociodemographic characteristics, alcohol use, caffeine intake, and online shopping behaviors. Psychopathological assessments included Korean version of dissociative experience scale (DES-K), Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI-K), the modified Stress Response Inventory (SRI-MF), the Barratt Impulsive Scale-11-Revised (BIS-K). We used multiple logistic regression analysis with the Richmond compulsive buying scale (RCBS-K) as the dependent variable.; Results: The prevalence of shoppers with internet-based problem shopping was 12.5%. The amount of time spent on online shopping was correlated with PIS severity (OR = 1.008, p < 0.01). The risk of PIS was related to an increased tendency toward dissociation (OR = 1.044, p < 0.001) and impulsivity (OR = 1.046, p < 0.05). Conclusions: PIS participants with dissociation showed higher levels of perceived stress, gambling problems, and impulsivity than did PIS participants without dissociation. This study suggests that dissociation was associated with a higher burden of PIS as it was connected to poor mental health problems.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang K, Luo J, Zhang T, Ouyang Y, Zhou C, Lu Y. Effect of Physical Activity on Drug Craving of Women With Substance Use Disorder in Compulsory Isolation: Mediating Effect of Internal Inhibition. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1928. [PMID: 31551851 PMCID: PMC6733992 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Women with substance use disorder has attracted widespread attention as a prominent social issue. According to reports, physical exercise can improve the internal inhibition, effectively reduce the substance user's drug graving, and improve withdrawal symptoms, however, the specific mechanism of internal inhibition should be further considered. This study was designed to determine the critical role of internal inhibition in the path of physical exertion affecting the drug cravings of women drug users. Methods By means of Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), internal Inhibition Scale and Drug Craving Scale, this study investigated the individuals with substance use disorder under rehabilitation in the women compulsory isolation rehabilitation center in Chongqing, China. Results (1) Women with traditional drug users had the strongest internal inhibition and new drug use disorder had the highest drug craving. The longer the duration of drug abuse, the lower the internal inhibition and the higher the drug craving. Women with moderate-intensity activity had the strongest internal inhibition and the lowest drug craving. (2) The physical activity intensity was negatively correlated with drug craving, positively correlated with intrinsic inhibition, and negatively correlated with drug craving. (3) Internal inhibition played a partial mediating effect between physical activity intensity and drug craving. Conclusion Physical activity has a positive effect on inhibiting drug craving among drug addicts, while moderate-intensity activity seems to be more conducive to enhancing the internal inhibition of addicts, to improving their resistance to drugs, and thus more conducive to reducing drug craving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiong Luo
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingran Zhang
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiyi Ouyang
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingzhi Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sideli L, Di Forti M, Ferraro L, Montana S, Tripoli G, Quattrone D, Colizzi M, La Barbera D, La Cascia C. The Relationship Between Dissociative Experiences and Cannabis Use: a Systematic Review. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-019-0235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
8
|
Caretti V, Gori A, Craparo G, Giannini M, Iraci-Sareri G, Schimmenti A. A New Measure for Assessing Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders: The Addictive Behavior Questionnaire (ABQ). J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7080194. [PMID: 30071660 PMCID: PMC6111303 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7080194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This article evaluates the psychometric properties of a new measure for assessing Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders: the Addictive Behavior Questionnaire (ABQ). The ABQ is a self-report measure composed of two sections: the Severity Index (SI) and the Seven Domains Addiction Scale (7DAS). Materials and methods. A total sample of 698 subjects divided into two groups (515 subjects in the clinical sample and 183 subjects in the control sample), participated in this study. We applied Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to examine features of ABQ construct validity, we used Cronbach’s alpha coefficient to assess its internal reliability, and explored some aspects of its concurrent validity by examining its associations with other measures assessing addictive behaviors and psychopathology. Results and conclusions: results of EFA indicated that all the scales of the ABQ are unidimensional and showed good internal consistency. The correlations between the sections of the ABQ and the other measures used in the current study were significant and in the expected directions. These results suggest that the ABQ has good psychometric properties and allows researchers and clinicians to gather relevant information regarding behaviors, psychopathology and severity of symptoms, for the best clinical reasoning and for planning tailored treatment for each patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Caretti
- Department of Human Sciences-LUMSA University of Rome Borgo Sant'Angelo, 13, 00193 Rome-Italy and Institute of Integrative Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Via Ricasoli 32, 50122 Florence, Italy.
| | - Alessio Gori
- Department of Human Sciences-LUMSA University of Rome Borgo Sant'Angelo, 13, 00193 Rome-Italy and Institute of Integrative Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Via Ricasoli 32, 50122 Florence, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Craparo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE-Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Marco Giannini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Iraci-Sareri
- Institute of Integrative Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Italian Society of Clinical Psychodiagnosis, 50135 Florence, Italy-Gruppo Incontro, 51100 Pistoia, Italy.
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE-Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Traumatic experiences, alexithymia, and Internet addiction symptoms among late adolescents: A moderated mediation analysis. Addict Behav 2017; 64:314-320. [PMID: 26586032 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The association between traumatic experiences, alexithymia, and substance abuse is well established. Less is known about the role of traumatic experiences and alexithymia in the onset and maintenance of Internet-related disorders. In the present study, self-report measures on traumatic experiences, alexithymia, and problematic Internet use were administered to 358 high school students (57% females) aged 18-19years old, to test whether alexithymic traits mediated the relationship between traumatic experiences and Internet addiction symptoms, and whether gender moderated the proposed mediation in the sample. While partial mediation occurred in the entire sample, gender directly affected the relationship between the investigated constructs: Internet addiction symptoms were independently related to traumatic experiences among males, and to alexithymic traits among females. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that trauma memories among males, and problems with affect regulation among females, may increase the risk of problematic Internet use during late adolescence. Such findings might have relevant implications to inform any treatment plan for late adolescent students who are overinvolved with online activities, pointing out that tailored approaches to their problems and difficulties are particularly needed in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
10
|
Green SA, Goff B, Gee DG, Gabard-Durnam L, Flannery J, Telzer EH, Humphreys KL, Louie J, Tottenham N. Discrimination of amygdala response predicts future separation anxiety in youth with early deprivation. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2016; 57:1135-44. [PMID: 27260337 PMCID: PMC5030125 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant disruption in caregiving is associated with increased internalizing symptoms, most notably heightened separation anxiety symptoms during childhood. It is also associated with altered functional development of the amygdala, a neurobiological correlate of anxious behavior. However, much less is known about how functional alterations of amygdala predict individual differences in anxiety. Here, we probed amygdala function following institutional caregiving using very subtle social-affective stimuli (trustworthy and untrustworthy faces), which typically result in large differences in amygdala signal, and change in separation anxiety behaviors over a 2-year period. We hypothesized that the degree of differentiation of amygdala signal to trustworthy versus untrustworthy face stimuli would predict separation anxiety symptoms. METHODS Seventy-four youths mean (SD) age = 9.7 years (2.64) with and without previous institutional care, who were all living in families at the time of testing, participated in an fMRI task designed to examine differential amygdala response to trustworthy versus untrustworthy faces. Parents reported on their children's separation anxiety symptoms at the time of scan and again 2 years later. RESULTS Previous institutional care was associated with diminished amygdala signal differences and behavioral differences to the contrast of untrustworthy and trustworthy faces. Diminished differentiation of these stimuli types predicted more severe separation anxiety symptoms 2 years later. Older age at adoption was associated with diminished differentiation of amygdala responses. CONCLUSIONS A history of institutional care is associated with reduced differential amygdala responses to social-affective cues of trustworthiness that are typically exhibited by comparison samples. Individual differences in the degree of amygdala differential responding to these cues predict the severity of separation anxiety symptoms over a 2-year period. These findings provide a biological mechanism to explain the associations between early caregiving adversity and individual differences in internalizing symptomology during development, thereby contributing to individualized predictions of future clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shulamite A. Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, CA
| | - Bonnie Goff
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | | | - Eva H. Telzer
- Psychology Department and Beckman Institute for Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Louie
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, CA
| | - Nim Tottenham
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cristóbal-Narváez P, Sheinbaum T, Ballespí S, Mitjavila M, Myin-Germeys I, Kwapil TR, Barrantes-Vidal N. Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Psychotic-Like Symptoms and Stress Reactivity in Daily Life in Nonclinical Young Adults. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153557. [PMID: 27082442 PMCID: PMC4833319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing interest in elucidating the association of different childhood adversities with psychosis-spectrum symptoms as well as the mechanistic processes involved. This study used experience sampling methodology to examine (i) associations of a range of childhood adversities with psychosis symptom domains in daily life; (ii) whether associations of abuse and neglect with symptoms are consistent across self-report and interview methods of trauma assessment; and (iii) the role of different adversities in moderating affective, psychotic-like, and paranoid reactivity to situational and social stressors. Method A total of 206 nonclinical young adults were administered self-report and interview measures to assess childhood abuse, neglect, bullying, losses, and general traumatic events. Participants received personal digital assistants that signaled them randomly eight times daily for one week to complete questionnaires about current experiences, including symptoms, affect, and stress. Results Self-reported and interview-based abuse and neglect were associated with psychotic-like and paranoid symptoms, whereas only self-reported neglect was associated with negative-like symptoms. Bullying was associated with psychotic-like symptoms. Losses and general traumatic events were not directly associated with any of the symptom domains. All the childhood adversities were associated with stress reactivity in daily life. Interpersonal adversities (abuse, neglect, bullying, and losses) moderated psychotic-like and/or paranoid reactivity to situational and social stressors, whereas general traumatic events moderated psychotic-like reactivity to situational stress. Also, different interpersonal adversities exacerbated psychotic-like and/or paranoid symptoms in response to distinct social stressors. Discussion The present study provides a unique examination of how childhood adversities impact the expression of spectrum symptoms in the real world and lends support to the notion that stress reactivity is a mechanism implicated in the experience of reality distortion in individuals exposed to childhood trauma. Investigating the interplay between childhood experience and current context is relevant for uncovering potential pathways to the extended psychosis phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cristóbal-Narváez
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tamara Sheinbaum
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Ballespí
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Mitjavila
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas R. Kwapil
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Neus Barrantes-Vidal
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, United States of America
- Sant Pere Claver – Fundació Sanitària, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|