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Sherifali D, da Silva LP, Dewan P, Cader FA, Dakhil Z, Gyawali B, Klassen S, Yaseen IF, Jovkovic M, Khalid S, Fitzpatrick-Lewis D, Alliston P, Racey M. Peer Support for Type 2 Diabetes Management in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs): A Scoping Review. Glob Heart 2024; 19:20. [PMID: 38404615 PMCID: PMC10885823 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although there is evidence of peer support in high-income countries, the use of peer support as an intervention for cardiometabolic disease management, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), is unclear. Methods A scoping review methodology was used to search the databases MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO, LILACS, CDSR, and CENTRAL. Results Twenty-eight studies were included in this scoping review. Of these, 67% were developed in Asia, 22% in Africa, and 11% in the Americas. The definition of peer support varied; however, peer support offered a social and emotional dimension to help individuals cope with negative emotions and barriers while promoting disease management. Conclusions Findings from this scopingreview highlight a lack of consistency in defining peer support as a component of CMD management in LMICs. A clear definition of peer support and ongoing program evaluation is recommended for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sherifali
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lilian Pinto da Silva
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pooja Dewan
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - F. Aaysha Cader
- Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zainab Dakhil
- Ibn Al-Bitar Cardiac Centre, Al-Kindy College of Medicine/University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Bishal Gyawali
- Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sheila Klassen
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Israa Fadhil Yaseen
- Baghdad Heart Center, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Milos Jovkovic
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saira Khalid
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donna Fitzpatrick-Lewis
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paige Alliston
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan Racey
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Peer support and social networking interventions in diabetes self-management in Kenya and Uganda: A scoping review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273722. [PMID: 36155494 PMCID: PMC9512220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus is a growing worldwide health challenge especially in sub-Saharan Africa. While the use and effectiveness of diabetes self-management interventions is well documented in high-income countries, little information exists in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study attempted to synthesize information in the literature on the use and efficacy of peer support and social networking in diabetes self-management in Kenya and Uganda.
Objective
The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize research on the extent of use and efficacy of peer support and social networking interventions in diabetes self-management in Kenya and Uganda.
Design
We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library databases for articles reporting peer support and social networking interventions in Kenya and Uganda published in English between 2000 and September 2021. Key words encapsulated three major themes: peer support, social networking and self-management. Hand searches were also conducted to select eligible papers. Data was extracted using a form prepared and piloted in line with PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
Results
Thirteen peer reviewed articles were selected for analysis. Eleven studies reported peer support interventions while two focused on social networks in diabetes self-management. Peer support and social networking interventions incorporated microfinance and group medical visits, diabetes self-management education, telephone support and Medication Adherence Clubs. Most interventions were delivered by multidisciplinary teams comprising nurses and other professionals, peer educators, peer leaders and community health workers. Most interventions were effective and led to improvements in HbA1c and blood pressure, eating behaviors and physical activity and social support.
Conclusions
The limited studies available show that peer support and social networking interventions have mixed results on health and other outcomes. Importantly, most studies reported significant improvements in clinical outcomes. Further research is needed on the nature and mechanisms through which peer support and social network characteristics affect health outcomes.
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