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Abdullahi AB, Ismail S, Alshana U. Edible oil-based switchable-hydrophilicity solvent liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of lead in food samples using flame-atomic absorption spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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What about the Arsenic? Health Risk Assessment in Canned Tuna Commercialized in Northern Spain. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The incorrect labeling, as well as the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in seafood, represent a recurring problem worldwide, not only for natural resources but also for the consumers’ health. Heavy metals can be accumulated through the food chain and transferred to the final human consumer. Despite its toxicology, arsenic does not have a concentration limit on food, unlike other heavy metals like cadmium, mercury, and lead. Tuna species, with a worldwide distribution and high per capita consumption, represent a well-known toxicological issue caused by heavy metals. In this context, 80 samples of canned tuna were analyzed to check if the information contained in the label was correct and complete. Genetic identification was made by sequencing a fragment of 16S rDNA from 80 samples. For the heavy metal quantification, only those samples with the complete FAO fishing area information on the label were analyzed. Only 29 out of 80 samples presented enough information on the labels for the analysis. Some of the canned tuna commercialized in Spanish markets surpassed the safety standard levels established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Activities (JECFA) under the consumption rates of 300 g and 482 g per week. However, the carcinogenic risk (CRlim) for arsenic in all cans and all scenarios was higher than the safety levels.
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Islam MS, Mustafa RA. Assessment of trace elements in canned fish and health risk appraisal. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2023-1-554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trace elements are dangerous to human health and there is a rising concern about the quality of processed foods in some parts of the world, especially in Iraq.
The chemical composition (total sold, moisture, and ash) and concentrations of trace elements in canned fish (Skipjack tuna, Sardines, Tuna fish, Sardines, and Mackerel) from the Kalar market, Iraq were determined by using an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer.
The ranges obtained for the elements in mg/kg were as follows: Se (0.025–0.77), As (0.02–1.07), B (0.05–0.7), Ag (0.04–0.83), Ba (0.05–0.975), Mg (29.8–37.5), Mn (0.97–2.09), Cu (0.91–3.09), and Zn (5.12–11.7). The studied canned fishes pose no risk with respect to the estimated daily intake of Se, As, B, Ag, Ba, Mg, Mn, Cu, and Zn. The total target hazard quotients for the studied metals from individual fish species (except Fme, Fma, and Fsh) were more than one, which was responsible for noncarcinogenic risks. The target carcinogenic risk value for arsenic was also higher than the standard (10-4) set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
It revealed that the consumption of canned fish causes a chronic cancer risk to humans.
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de Lima NV, Granja Arakaki D, Melo ESDP, Machate DJ, do Nascimento VA. Assessment of Trace Elements Supply in Canned Tuna Fish Commercialized for Human Consumption in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212002. [PMID: 34831758 PMCID: PMC8626030 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the elemental content in 4 types of canned tuna fish groups, each with 4 brands that are commercialized for human consumption in Brazil. The results are based on trace elements in canned tuna fish quantified by ICP OES and a comparison to limit levels set by the FAO/WHO. We also checked the carcinogenic risk (CR), non-carcinogenic risk (Hazard Index (HI) and Hazard Quotient (HQ)), and pollution index (PI) for the studied canned tuna samples. As and Se concentrations in all groups are above the intake values set by FAO/WHO considering specific groups. The carcinogenic risk values for arsenic (As) in groups are considerably unacceptable (≥10-4). Hazard quotients (HQ) were >1 for As in all groups, while no sample was below 1 for HI. The pollution index (PI) results show that the main canned tuna fish contaminant is aluminum, then selenium and arsenic, respectively. Only half of the samples did not present elemental contaminant levels. All studied brands of canned tuna presented elemental concentrations that could pose a health risk to human consumption, that could be from CR, HQ, HI, or PI. The contaminant levels are alarming and should raise a red flag for the intake of these products, especially a long-term one. These results urge the authorities to supervise and enforce better practices for this type of food, protecting their population from health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Vieira de Lima
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil; (N.V.d.L.); (D.G.A.); (E.S.d.P.M.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Daniela Granja Arakaki
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil; (N.V.d.L.); (D.G.A.); (E.S.d.P.M.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Elaine Silva de Pádua Melo
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil; (N.V.d.L.); (D.G.A.); (E.S.d.P.M.); (D.J.M.)
| | - David Johane Machate
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil; (N.V.d.L.); (D.G.A.); (E.S.d.P.M.); (D.J.M.)
- Graduate Program in Sciences of Materials, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil
| | - Valter Aragão do Nascimento
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil; (N.V.d.L.); (D.G.A.); (E.S.d.P.M.); (D.J.M.)
- Graduate Program in Sciences of Materials, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Stojanović B, Janković S, Đorđević V, Marjanović S, Vasilev D, Stojanović Z, Balaban M, Antić V. Determination of toxic elements in meat products from Serbia packaged in tinplate cans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:48330-48342. [PMID: 33904134 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14051-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to examine the influence of the storage period on the content of toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) in five types of canned meat products regularly used in the Serbian Armed Forces. Cans of beef goulash (BG), pork ragout (PR), spam (SP), liver pate (LP), and meatballs in tomato sauce (MB), produced according to military standards and stored under regular conditions, were analyzed. Meat products were packed in tin cans made according to special requirements in terms of tin and varnish application and stored for up to 6 years. The content of toxic elements varied depending on the analyzed product. The highest average content of arsenic was in BG (10.00 μg/kg), cadmium in LP (35.91 μg/kg), and mercury and lead in PR (15.04 and 8.00 μg/kg, respectively). The average concentrations of As, Cd, Hg, and Pb in all types of canned meat products were significantly lower than the maximum permitted levels in food currently in force by local and EU legislation. The storage period did not significantly affect the level of toxic elements, although higher concentrations were found in samples stored for more than 2 years. Examination of raw materials, spices, and additives showed that the highest Cd and Pb concentrations, which can affect the total level of these elements in meat products, were found in red ground pepper (Cd above 150 μg/kg) and dish supplement (Pb of 250 μg/kg). The assessment of the weekly intake of toxic elements through canned meat showed that it is significantly lower than the values that affect adversely to human health, as determined by the FAO/WHO and EFSA. However, as there is a constant possibility of contamination of raw materials and food additives, primarily due to environmental pollution, it is recommended to monitor the content of heavy metals in food permanently and assess their risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saša Janković
- Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Đorđević
- Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Marjanović
- Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Vasilev
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Milica Balaban
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vesna Antić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade-, Zemun, Serbia.
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Asgharnejad H, Khorshidi Nazloo E, Madani Larijani M, Hajinajaf N, Rashidi H. Comprehensive review of water management and wastewater treatment in food processing industries in the framework of water-food-environment nexus. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:4779-4815. [PMID: 34190421 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Food processing is among the greatest water-consuming industries with a significant role in the implementation of sustainable development goals. Water-consuming industries such as food processing have become a threat to limited freshwater resources, and numerous attempts are being carried out in order to develop and apply novel approaches for water management in these industries. Studies have shown the positive impact of the new methods of process integration (e.g., water pinch, mathematical optimization, etc.) in maximizing water reuse and recycle. Applying these methods in food processing industries not only significantly supported water consumption minimization but also contributed to environmental protection by reducing wastewater generation. The methods can also increase the productivity of these industries and direct them to sustainable production. This interconnection led to a new subcategory in nexus studies known as water-food-environment nexus. The nexus assures sustainable food production with minimum freshwater consumption and minimizes the environmental destructions caused by untreated wastewater discharge. The aim of this study was to provide a thorough review of water-food-environment nexus application in food processing industries and explore the nexus from different aspects. The current study explored the process of food industries in different sectors regarding water consumption and wastewater generation, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The most recent wastewater treatment methods carried out in different food processing sectors were also reviewed. This review provided a comprehensive literature for choosing the optimum scenario of water and wastewater management in food processing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashem Asgharnejad
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Khorshidi Nazloo
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Madani Larijani
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Nima Hajinajaf
- Chemical Engineering Program, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Hamidreza Rashidi
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Ariano A, Scivicco M, D’Ambola M, Velotto S, Andreini R, Bertini S, Zaccaroni A, Severino L. Heavy Metals in the Muscle and Hepatopancreas of Red Swamp Crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii) in Campania (Italy). ANIMALS : AN OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL FROM MDPI 2021; 11:ani11071933. [PMID: 34209529 PMCID: PMC8300352 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Heavy metals can represent a serious threat to marine and freshwater fauna through exposure, bioaccumulation and biomagnification processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of non-essential and essential elements in freshwater crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) edible tissues to establish the healthiness of this product and to evaluate the pollution status of the sampling sites from Campania region (Italy). The results suggest that crayfish were safe for human consumption and indicated mild contamination of heavy metals of the sampling areas. Abstract The aim of this study was to carry out a quali-quantitative analysis of the presence of non-essential and essential trace elements in freshwater crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) edible tissues to establish the healthiness of this product and to evaluate the pollution status of the sampling sites included in the present study. P. clarkii is one of the most common species of freshwater crustaceans in Italy, regularly consumed by local people. Moreover, the crayfish, due to its trophic position and diet, can be considered as an excellent bioindicator of the health status of the ecosystem. We collected sixty crayfish samples from two different sites in Campania (Italy): Villa Literno and Sessa Aurunca. Concentrations of trace elements were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Our data showed low concentrations of Cd, Hg and Pb, with values below the European Commission MRL (Commission Regulation (EC) 1881/2006). We suggest that data obtained from this study showed that crayfish collected from Villa Literno and Sessa Aurunca were safe for human consumption. Furthermore, the results of this research indicated mild contamination of heavy metals of the sampling sites, indicating a good health status of the area’s aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ariano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Division of Toxicology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (M.S.); (M.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Marcello Scivicco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Division of Toxicology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (M.S.); (M.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Massimiliano D’Ambola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Division of Toxicology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (M.S.); (M.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Salvatore Velotto
- Department of Promotion of Human Sciences and the Quality of Life, University San Raffaele, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Roma, Italy;
| | - Rebecca Andreini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Simone Bertini
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Zaccaroni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy;
| | - Lorella Severino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Division of Toxicology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (M.S.); (M.D.); (L.S.)
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Donnarumma D, La Tella R, Vento F, Salerno TMG, Micalizzi G, Rigano F, Mondello L. Evaluation of the Level of Toxic Contaminants and Essential Molecules in the Context of the Re-Use of Tuna Fishery Industry by-Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02045-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Filippini T, Adani G, Malavolti M, Garuti C, Cilloni S, Vinceti G, Zamboni G, Tondelli M, Galli C, Costa M, Chiari A, Vinceti M. Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123682. [PMID: 33260315 PMCID: PMC7760835 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk of early-onset dementia (EOD) might be modified by environmental factors and lifestyles, including diet. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between dietary habits and EOD risk. We recruited 54 newly-diagnosed EOD patients in Modena (Northern Italy) and 54 caregivers as controls. We investigated dietary habits through a food frequency questionnaire, assessing both food intake and adherence to dietary patterns, namely the Greek-Mediterranean, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. We modeled the relation between dietary factors and risk using the restricted cubic spline regression analysis. Cereal intake showed a U-shaped relation with EOD, with risk increasing above 350 g/day. A high intake (>400 g/day) of dairy products was also associated with excess risk. Although overall fish and seafood consumption showed no association with EOD risk, we found a U-shaped relation with preserved/tinned fish, and an inverse relation with other fish. Similarly, vegetables (especially leafy) showed a strong inverse association above 100 g/day, as did citrus and dry fruits. Overall, sweet consumption was not associated with EOD risk, while dry cake and ice-cream showed a positive relation and chocolate products an inverse one. For beverages, we found no relation with EOD risk apart from a U-shaped relation for coffee consumption. Concerning dietary patterns, EOD risk linearly decreased with the increasing adherence to the MIND pattern. On the other hand, an inverse association for the Greek-Mediterranean and DASH diets emerged only at very high adherence levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the association between dietary factors and EOD risk, and suggests that adherence to the MIND dietary pattern may decrease such risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Giorgia Adani
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Caterina Garuti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Silvia Cilloni
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Giulia Vinceti
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (G.V.); (G.Z.)
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Giovanna Zamboni
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (G.V.); (G.Z.)
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Manuela Tondelli
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
- Primary care Department, Modena Local Health Authority, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Galli
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
- Primary care Department, Modena Local Health Authority, 41124 Modena, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NeuroFARBA), University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Costa
- Neurology Unit of Carpi Hospital, Modena Local Health Authority, 41012 Carpi, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Chiari
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-2055481
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Ormaza-González FI, Ponce-Villao GE, Pin-Hidalgo GM. Low mercury, cadmium and lead concentrations in tuna products from the eastern Pacific. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04576. [PMID: 32760843 PMCID: PMC7393419 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuna species: Skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis), yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye (Thunnus obesus) are mainly processed into canned products (loins, solid pack, flakes) either in water or oil, and pre-cooked frozen loins. The National Institute of Fisheries of Ecuador (ISO/IEC 17025 certified), which is the official control laboratory, samples and analyses production batches of companies exporting to the European Union in order to ensure the quality control of Ecuadorean tuna product. From 2009 to 2016, 2572 samples have been analysed (by standard methods) for mercury, cadmium, and lead. The averages were 0.24 ± 0.14; 0.03 ± 0.03 and 0.05 ± 0.05 mg kg-1 (wet weight) respectively; which are well below the norms; i.e., total mercury: 1 mg kg-1; Lead: 0.3 mg kg-1 and Cadmium: 0.1 mg kg-1 according to the EU maximum limits. Over time mercury levels in the sample seemed to decrease but for cadmium and lead no clear pattern was observed. Additionally; samples of tuna can products taken at random from local vendor stores gave concentrations of: Mercury: 0.043 ± 0.004 mg kg-1; Cadmium: 0.012 ± 0.002 mg kg-1; Lead: below detection limit (0.01 mg kg-1). There were a few cases (15 out of 2572: 0.58%) of samples with readings near or just over-limit concentrations; of these, 12 corresponded to Cd, two to Pb and one to Hg. Some of them can be considered statistical outliers as well as cross contamination during analytical procedures. Raw tuna samples have given similar or lower concentrations. No significant statistical correlation was found between Hg, Cd and Pb values, this would suggest that the bioaccumulation of each metal is independent of each other. Literature reports that surface dissolved Hg, Cd, and Pb in the eastern Pacific are in the range of 2-18 ng kg-1. Assuming suggested bioaccumulation of 2-6 times, the end concentration in the tuna would be 0.012-0.042; 0.036-0.108 and 0.010-0.027 μg kg-1 of Hg, Cd, and Pb respectively, that would be one order (or more) below the safe consumption limit. Most, if not all the tuna processed in Ecuador is captured in the eastern Pacific and within its EEZ. Ecuadorian canned tuna complies with stringent standards for presence of these metals; therefore, it can be considered safe to be consumed from the point of view of these metal concentrations. However, further studies should assess metal concentrations exclusively from Ecuadorian tuna captured close to coastal and insular areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Isaac Ormaza-González
- ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL (Faculty of Maritime Engineering and Marine Sciences, FIMMC), Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Gabriela Estefanía Ponce-Villao
- ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL (Faculty of Maritime Engineering and Marine Sciences, FIMMC), Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Instituto Nacional de Pesca del Ecuador, Letamendi 101y La Ría, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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Metal Concentration in Muscle and Digestive Gland of Common Octopus ( Octopus vulgaris) from Two Coastal Site in Southern Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy). Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132401. [PMID: 31261856 PMCID: PMC6651072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Octopus vulgaris constitute an important part of most suitable marine resources for human consumption, however, they can represent a source in chemical contaminants intake such as heavy metals. In this scenario, the aim of the study was the evaluation of the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) in the muscle and digestive gland of octopus caught from two different locations along Campania coast (Castellammare di Stabia and Napoli) and the estimation of their weekly human intake derived from the ingestion of octopus. Analysing 38 samples showed a higher concentration of Pb in the muscle of octopus in Castellammare di Stabia than in Napoli. No statistical differences were reported for Cd, Pb and Hg concentrations in the digestive gland of octopus between two sampling sites. Differences were observed between the two tissue types, with a higher level of Cd and Pb observed in the digestive gland compared with the muscle. Noteworthy, the consumption of muscle from Castellammare di Stabia could increase Pb intake in heavy consumers of local octopus. In conclusion, the present work determines that it is important to improve strategies to minimize environmental pollution sources in these areas.
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Kim K, Park Y, Je HW, Seong M, Damusaru JH, Kim S, Jung JY, Bai SC. Tuna byproducts as a fish-meal in tilapia aquaculture. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:364-372. [PMID: 30731267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Potentiality of the use of tuna byproducts as a fish-meal replacement on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was examined for 84 weeks by tracking the concentrations of cadmium and mercury in the internal organs, muscles and fish whole body through generation including their immature eggs and their larvae. The results confirmed that the tuna byproducts can be used as a fish-meal substitute in tilapia aquaculture, because their acceptable ranges for cadmium and mercury consequently did not exceed the food safety values (both < 0.5 mg kg-1), despite their proportional increases in the fish body. The use of tuna byproducts as a protein source is expected to reduce the cost of feed with other fishmeal substitutes in tilapia aquaculture. However, fish (flounder) indiscriminately consuming tuna byproduct feed were prohibited and recalls of sales were issued by the government (July 2018, Republic of Korea), as the threshold for mercury in the fish bodies had been exceeded (0.6-0.8 mg kg-1). Further study of the use of tuna byproducts as fishmeal replacements for other species in aquaculture is needed, as concentration ratios can vary depending on the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyochan Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Park
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Universitetsalléen 11, 8049 Bodø, Norway
| | - Hyeong-Woo Je
- Department of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture / Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, 365 Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Seong
- Department of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture / Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, 365 Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea
| | - Jim Hyacinth Damusaru
- Department of Fisheries, School of Maritime Studies & Technology, Solomon Islands National University, PO. Box R113, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | - Soohwan Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju Island 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Young Jung
- Department of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture / Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, 365 Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungchul C Bai
- Department of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture / Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, 365 Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Rahmani J, Fakhri Y, Shahsavani A, Bahmani Z, Urbina MA, Chirumbolo S, Keramati H, Moradi B, Bay A, Bjørklund G. A systematic review and meta-analysis of metal concentrations in canned tuna fish in Iran and human health risk assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:753-765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Núñez R, García MÁ, Alonso J, Melgar MJ. Arsenic, cadmium and lead in fresh and processed tuna marketed in Galicia (NW Spain): Risk assessment of dietary exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 627:322-331. [PMID: 29426155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, metal bioaccumulation in fish is increasing and is a cause of concern due to toxicity. Total arsenic, cadmium and lead concentrations in fresh and processed tuna (110 samples) marketed in Galicia (NW Spain) were determined by ICP-MS spectrometry. The average concentrations of As and Cd, 3.78 and 0.024 mg kg-1 w.w., respectively, in fresh tuna were statistically significantly higher than those in processed tuna (p < 0.001). The contents in processed tuna were 0.295-7.85 mg kg-1 for As and ND-0.045 mg kg-1 for Cd. The Pb content was negligible in both types of tuna. In canned tuna, decreasing As and Cd concentrations were observed in different preparation-packaging media: olive oil > natural > pickled sauce. Of the two species studied in canned tuna, Thunnus alalunga showed statistically significant higher levels both for As 1.28 mg kg-1 (p < 0.001) and Pb 0.013 mg kg-1 (p = 0.0496) than Thunnus albacares. No samples surpassed the limits set by the EU for Cd and Pb. The limit for As in fish has not been established, but the arsenic contents in fresh tuna reported here are important, as they are among the highest reported in the literature. Considering public health in children and adults with respect to the investigated metals, the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) did not exceed the tolerable intakes. No chronic systemic risk was found since all the target hazard quotients (THQs-TTHQs) were far below 1 (critical value), and the carcinogenic risk (CR) for As did not exceed the acceptable value of 10-5. Thus, tuna consumption in the Galician diet does not pose a risk for different population groups in terms of these studied metals/metalloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Núñez
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary. University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - M Ángeles García
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary. University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Julián Alonso
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary. University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - M Julia Melgar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary. University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
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15
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Novakov NJ, Mihaljev ŽA, Kartalović BD, Blagojević BJ, Petrović JM, Ćirković MA, Rogan DR. Heavy metals and PAHs in canned fish supplies on the Serbian market. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2017; 10:208-215. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2017.1322150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina J. Novakov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Željko A. Mihaljev
- Department for Food and Feed Quality, Bureau for Food Safety and Drug Analysis, Research Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Brankica D. Kartalović
- Department for Food and Feed Quality, Bureau for Food Safety and Drug Analysis, Research Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Bojan J. Blagojević
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelana M. Petrović
- Department for Food and Feed Quality, Bureau for Food Safety and Drug Analysis, Research Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Miroslav A. Ćirković
- Department for Food and Feed Quality, Bureau for Food Safety and Drug Analysis, Research Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dragan R. Rogan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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16
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Pappalardo AM, Copat C, Ferrito V, Grasso A, Ferrante M. Heavy metal content and molecular species identification in canned tuna: Insights into human food safety. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3430-3437. [PMID: 28339012 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Canned tuna in olive oil and in brine of the most popular brands sold in Italian markets were analyzed to verify the authentication of transformed products, with the aim to unveil commercial frauds due to the substitutions of high value species with species of low commercial value, and to assess the health risk of consumers related to cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) contents. Species authentication was evaluated with amplification of COI DNA barcode and confirmed the declared species. Among tested metals, Hg had the highest concentrations, followed by Cd and Pb. None of the tested samples surpassed the European regulatory limits no. 1881/2006 fixed for Hg and Pb, whereas one batch of canned tuna in olive oil exceeded standard for Cd. Risk for human health was evaluated by the metals daily intake and target hazard quotient (THQ). As a result, Cd and Pb did not exceed the toxicological reference values established by World Health Organization (WHO) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Conversely, Hg content suggests a consumption no more than once a week and a continuous surveillance of this fishery products for consumer protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Pappalardo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Copat
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Ferrito
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Alfina Grasso
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
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17
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Fiamegos Y, Vahcic M, Emteborg H, Snell J, Raber G, Cordeiro F, Robouch P, de la Calle B. Determination of toxic trace elements in canned vegetables. The importance of sample preparation. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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García MÁ, Núñez R, Alonso J, Melgar MJ. Total mercury in fresh and processed tuna marketed in Galicia (NW Spain) in relation to dietary exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:24960-24969. [PMID: 27672045 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is a toxic trace metal, which can accumulate to levels threatening human and environmental health. In this study, contents of total mercury have been determined by ICP-MS spectrometry in fresh and processed tuna (110 samples) purchased from supermarkets in NW Spain. Mercury was present in all samples analyzed; however, only one sample of fresh tuna (1.070 mg kg-1 wet weight (w.w.)) slightly exceeded the limit of the EU (1.0 mg kg-1 w.w.). The average mercury concentration in processed tuna was lower than fresh, 0.306 mg kg-1 w.w., and ranged from 0.080 to 0.715 mg kg-1 w.w. Results were compared with literature data. In regard to the three types of preparation-packaging media for canned tuna, total Hg content was found in the following order: olive oil > natural > pickled sauce; the last showed significant statistical differences (p < 0.01) with the other two preparations. Between the two evaluated canned tuna species, significant statistical differences (p = 0.008) were observed and Thunnus alalunga presented a greater mean content (0.332 ± 0.114 mg kg-1 w.w.) compared to Thunnus albacares (0.266 ± 0.171 mg kg-1 w.w.).Taking into account the AESAN recommendation for adults and children, as well as the EU regulations and the tuna consumption by the Spanish population, the Hg levels obtained in this study pose no risk to consumer health. However, additional studies, a monitoring process, and efforts to reduce Hg concentration in tuna would be necessary, as well as considering other sources of exposure to Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ángeles García
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ricardo Núñez
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Julián Alonso
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - M Julia Melgar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
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19
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Torres P, Rodrigues A, Soares L, Garcia P. Metal Concentrations in Two Commercial Tuna Species from an Active Volcanic Region in the Mid-Atlantic Ocean. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 70:341-347. [PMID: 26681184 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-015-0249-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead [Pb (µg g(-1) wet weight)] were determined in liver and muscle samples of 15 bigeye (Thunnus obesus) and 15 skipjack tunas (Katsuwonus pelamis) caught over an active volcanic region in the Mid-Atlantic Ocean (Azores, Portugal) and evaluated regarding consumption safety. None of the muscle samples (edible part) exceeded the European Union (EU) maximum limits (MLs) for Hg and Pb. Cd concentrations in muscle were much greater than EU MLs with 53 and 26 % of the bigeye tuna and skipjack tuna, respectively, in exceedance of the limits. Results obtained in this work, together with other studies in the same region, support the existence of an important volcanic source of Cd in waters of the Mid-Atlantic region, which should be carefully monitored given the importance of many commercial marine species for human consumption, mainly in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Torres
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal.
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-801, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal.
| | - Armindo Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-801, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal
- Centro de Vulcanologia e Avaliação de Riscos Geológicos, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal
| | - Lília Soares
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Garcia
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-801, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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20
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Dorta P, Rubio C, Lozano G, González-Weller D, Gutiérrez Á, Hardisson A, Revert C. Metals in Mullus surmuletus and Pseudupeneus prayensis from the Canary Islands (Atlantic Ocean). J Food Prot 2015; 78:2257-63. [PMID: 26613923 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A total of 20 metals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Sr, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, Zn, Al, Cd, and Pb) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry in muscle and liver tissue from a total of 28 examples of the fishes Mullus surmuletus and Pseudupeneus prayensis marketed in Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain). Significant differences (P < 0.05) in B, K, Mg, Mn, and Na concentrations were found between muscle and liver. The mean concentrations of K (1,388.04 mg/kg wet weight [wet wt]) and Mg (153.33 mg/kg wet wt) were higher in muscle than in liver (697.49 and 114.21 mg/kg wet wt, respectively). The mean concentrations of B in liver (0.18 mg/kg wet wt), Mn (0.70 mg/kg wet wt), and Na (892.09 mg/kg wet wt) were higher than those in muscle (0.15, 0.11, and 375.55 mg/kg wet wt, respectively). The mean concentrations of Al, Cd, and Pb in muscle tissue were 2.72 mg/kg wet wt and 4.28 and 10.29 μg/kg wet wt, and those in liver tissue were 31.31 mg/kg wet wt and 612.91 and 232.08 μg/kg wet wt, respectively. When comparing the two fish species, the muscle tissue of M. surmuletus has significantly higher concentrations (P < 0.05) of Al, B, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Sr, and Zn than did P. prayensis muscle, whereas the concentrations of Cd and V were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in P. prayensis muscle. Toxicological assessment of Cd and Pb concentrations was performed using the maximum limits set by the European Commission Regulations 1881/2006 and 629/2008 for muscle tissue (50 and 300 μg/kg wet wt, respectively). The concentrations of Cd and Pb in muscle detected in the present study for all the analyzed examples of M. surmuletus and P. prayensis were lower than the maximums established for muscle tissue by European legislation. Therefore, consumption of the muscle of these fish is considered safe in terms of Al, Cd, and Pb concentrations. However, the consumption of liver tissue should be avoided because of its high levels of metals. Constant monitoring of the concentrations of metals of toxicological concern in fish products available in the market is an essential part of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Dorta
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Carmen Rubio
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Gonzalo Lozano
- Department of Animal Biology, Soil Science, and Geology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Dailos González-Weller
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ángel Gutiérrez
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Arturo Hardisson
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Consuelo Revert
- Department of Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
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Mineral element contents in commercially valuable fish species in Spain. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:949364. [PMID: 24895678 PMCID: PMC4032645 DOI: 10.1155/2014/949364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure selected metal concentrations in Trachurus trachurus, Trachurus picturatus, and Trachurus mediterraneus, which are widely consumed in Spain. Principal component analysis suggested that the variable Cr was the main responsible variable for the identification of T. trachurus, the variables As and Sn for T. mediterraneus, and the rest of variables for T. picturatus. This well-defined discrimination between fish species provided by mineral element allows us to distinguish them on the basis of their metal content. Based on the samples collected, and recognizing the inferential limitation of the sample size of this study, the metal concentrations found are below the proposed limit values for human consumption. However, it should be taken into consideration that there are other dietary sources of these metals. In conclusion, metal contents in the fish species analyzed are acceptable for human consumption from a nutritional and toxicity point of view.
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22
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Luis G, Rubio C, González-Weller D, Gutiérrez AJ, Revert C, Hardisson A. Evaluation of content and estimation of daily intake of cadmium and lead in several varieties of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivated in the Canary Islands (Spain). J Food Prot 2014; 77:659-64. [PMID: 24680081 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring the metal content in foods such as potatoes is an important aspect of food safety and regulation. Samples of nine varieties of potatoes (73 samples of local potatoes and 77 samples of imported potatoes) were randomly obtained from supermarkets, farmers markets, and farmer plots in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). The edible portion (pulp) was the only part considered for analysis because Spaniards traditionally eat only peeled potatoes. Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Cd concentrations ranged from 0.006 mg/kg in the Cara and Negra varieties to 0.019 mg/kg in the Bonita variety, and Pb concentrations ranged from 0.007 mg/kg in the Up-to-date variety to 0.023 mg/kg in the Recara variety. The mean concentrations of Cd (0.01 mg/kg) and Pb (0.014 mg/kg) were below the limits established by European regulations for potatoes (0.1 mg/kg of wet weight for each metal). Based on a mean consumption of 143.2 g of potato per person per day for the Canary Islands population, the mean daily intakes of Cd (0.015 mg/day) and Pb (0.023 mg/day) were below the legislated respective tolerable weekly intakes. Thus, the samples analyzed were considered safe to eat with regard to the metal concentrations found.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Luis
- Department of Toxicology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands 38071, Spain
| | - C Rubio
- Department of Toxicology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands 38071, Spain.
| | - D González-Weller
- Health Inspection and Laboratory Service, Canary Health Service, S/C de Tenerife, Canary Islands 38006, Spain
| | - A J Gutiérrez
- Department of Toxicology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands 38071, Spain
| | - C Revert
- Department of Toxicology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands 38071, Spain
| | - A Hardisson
- Department of Toxicology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands 38071, Spain
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Serpe FP, Russo R, Gallo P, Severino L. Method for speciation of organoarsenic in mussels by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and QTRAP tandem mass spectrometry. J Food Prot 2013; 76:1293-9. [PMID: 23834810 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic toxicity to humans critically depends on the chemical form of the arsenic. The Expert Committee of the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization defined a tolerable intake only for inorganic arsenic, although the toxicity of some organoarsenic compounds is known. Arsenobetaine (AsB), arsenocholine (AsC), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) are abundant in shellfish. We present a fast and reliable method for identification of the type of organic arsenic in mussels by using liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry on triple quadrupole with parallel determination of total arsenic by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The method was validated by evaluating mean recoveries, repeatability, specificity, limits of quantification, and limits of detection that produced satisfactory results. The method was used to carry out the first survey of the concentrations of AsB, AsC, MMA, and DMA in seafood from southern Italy. Total As concentrations ranged from 1.38 to 12.79 mg/kg. AsB and DMA were detected in all samples (AsB: 0.72 to 10.36 mg/kg; DMA: 0.28 to 1.08 mg/kg), and concentrations of AsC and MMA ranged from 0.20 to 1.53 mg/kg. This method allowed us to rapidly and inexpensively identify arsenic types in fishery products and would be suitable for routine detection of organoarsenic compounds in molluscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P Serpe
- Dipartimento di Patologia e Sanità Animale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, Napoli, Italy
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