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Salaheen S, Kim SW, Haley BJ, Van Kessel JAS. Differences between the global transcriptomes of Salmonella enterica serovars Dublin and Cerro infecting bovine epithelial cells. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:498. [PMID: 35804292 PMCID: PMC9270791 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08725-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of S. enterica colonization in cattle is highly variable and often serovar-dependent. The aim of this study was to compare the global transcriptomes of highly pathogenic bovine-adapted S. enterica serovar Dublin and the less pathogenic, bovine-adapted, serovar Cerro during interactions with bovine epithelial cells, to identify genes that impact serovar-related outcomes of S. enterica infections in dairy animals. Result Bovine epithelial cells were infected with S. enterica strains from serovars Dublin and Cerro, and the bacterial RNA was extracted and sequenced. The total number of paired-end reads uniquely mapped to non-rRNA and non-tRNA genes in the reference genomes ranged between 12.1 M (Million) and 23.4 M (median: 15.7 M). In total, 360 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with at least two-fold differences in the transcript abundances between S. Dublin and S. Cerro (false discovery rate ≤ 5%). The highest number of DEGs (17.5%, 63 of 360 genes) between the two serovars were located on the genomic regions potentially associated with Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands (SPIs). DEGs potentially located in the SPI-regions that were upregulated (≥ 2-fold) in the S. Dublin compared with S. Cerro included: 37 SPI-1 genes encoding mostly Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS) apparatus and effectors; all of the six SPI-4 genes encoding type I secretion apparatus (siiABCDEF); T3SS effectors and chaperone (sopB, pipB, and sigE) located in SPI-5; type VI secretion system associated protein coding genes (sciJKNOR) located in SPI-6; and T3SS effector sopF in SPI-11. Additional major functional categories of DEGs included transcription regulators (n = 25), amino acid transport and metabolism (n = 20), carbohydrate transport and metabolism (n = 20), energy production and metabolism (n = 19), cell membrane biogenesis (n = 18), and coenzyme transport and metabolism (n = 15). DEGs were further mapped to the metabolic pathways listed in the KEGG database; most genes of the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway were upregulated/uniquely present in the S. Dublin strains compared with the S. Cerro strains. Conclusions This study identified S. enterica genes that may be responsible for symptomatic or asymptomatic infection and colonization of two bovine-adapted serovars in cattle. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08725-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serajus Salaheen
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Seon Woo Kim
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Bradd J Haley
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA.
| | - Jo Ann S Van Kessel
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA
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Peng M, Tabashsum Z, Patel P, Bernhardt C, Biswas D. Linoleic Acids Overproducing Lactobacillus casei Limits Growth, Survival, and Virulence of Salmonella Typhimurium and Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2663. [PMID: 30443248 PMCID: PMC6223203 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics, particularly lactic acid bacteria, are biologic agents which limit the growth, virulence, and survival/colonization of various enteric bacterial pathogens and serve as potential alternatives to antibiotics. Mechanisms that contribute to this antimicrobial effect include producing bioactive metabolites/acids, increasing nutrient and receptor-mediated competition, and modulating gut microbiome ecology. However, these functions of common probiotic strains are limited due to the finite quantity of metabolites they produce and their total number in the gut ecosystem. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), critical metabolites of Lactobacillus, have multiple beneficial effects on human health including anti-carcinogenesis, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-pathogenicity. In this study, we aim to overexpress the myosin cross-reactive antigen gene (mcra) in Lactobacillus casei (LC) to enhance the production of CLA and investigate its effectiveness against enteric bacterial pathogens, specifically Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). By inserting mcra in L. casei, we generated LC-CLA and found the total linoleic acid production by an individual bacterial cell was raised by 21-fold. The adherence ability of LC-CLA on human epithelial cells increased significantly and LC-CLA competitively excluded both ST and EHEC in a mixed-culture condition. Furthermore, LC-CLA significantly altered the physicochemical properties, biofilm formation abilities, interactions with host cells of both ST and EHEC, and triggered anti-inflammatory activities of host cells. These findings offer insights on applying a genetically engineered probiotic to control gut intestinal infections caused by ST and EHEC and prevent foodborne enteric illness in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Peng
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States.,Biological Sciences Graduate Program - Molecular and Cellular Biology Concentration, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Zajeba Tabashsum
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Puja Patel
- Biological Sciences Graduate Program - Molecular and Cellular Biology Concentration, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Cassandra Bernhardt
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Debabrata Biswas
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States.,Biological Sciences Graduate Program - Molecular and Cellular Biology Concentration, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States.,Center for Food Safety and Security Systems, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States
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Tabashsum Z, Peng M, Salaheen S, Comis C, Biswas D. Competitive elimination and virulence property alteration of Campylobacter jejuni by genetically engineered Lactobacillus casei. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Salaheen S, Peng M, Joo J, Teramoto H, Biswas D. Eradication and Sensitization of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to Methicillin with Bioactive Extracts of Berry Pomace. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:253. [PMID: 28270804 PMCID: PMC5319404 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic roles of phenolic blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) pomace (commercial byproduct) extracts (BPE) and their mechanism of actions were evaluated against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Five major phenolic acids of BPE, e.g., protocatechuic, p. coumaric, vanillic, caffeic, and gallic acids, as well as crude BPE completely inhibited the growth of vegetative MRSA in vitro while BPE+methicillin significantly reduced MRSA biofilm formation on plastic surface. In addition, BPE restored the effectiveness of methicillin against MRSA by down-regulating the expression of methicillin resistance (mecA) and efflux pump (norA, norB, norC, mdeA, sdrM, and sepA) genes. Antibiogram with broth microdilution method showed that MIC of methicillin reduced from 512 μg/mL to 4 μg/mL when combined with only 200 μg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/mL of BPE. Significant reduction in MRSA adherence to and invasion into human skin keratinocyte Hek001 cells were also noticed in the presence of BPE. BPE induced anti-apoptosis and anti-autophagy pathways through overexpression of Bcl-2 gene and down-regulation of TRADD and Bax genes (inducers of apoptosis pathway) in Hek001 cells. In summary, novel and sustainable prophylactic therapy can be developed with BPE in combination with currently available antibiotics, especially methicillin, against skin and soft tissue infections with MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serajus Salaheen
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland College Park, MD, USA
| | - Mengfei Peng
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of MarylandCollege Park, MD, USA; Biological Sciences Program - Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of MarylandCollege Park, MD, USA
| | - Jungsoo Joo
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland College Park, MD, USA
| | - Hironori Teramoto
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland College Park, MD, USA
| | - Debabrata Biswas
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of MarylandCollege Park, MD, USA; Biological Sciences Program - Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of MarylandCollege Park, MD, USA; Center for Food Safety and Security Systems, University of MarylandCollege Park, MD, USA
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Salaheen S, Jaiswal E, Joo J, Peng M, Ho R, OConnor D, Adlerz K, Aranda-Espinoza JH, Biswas D. Bioactive extracts from berry byproducts on the pathogenicity of Salmonella Typhimurium. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 237:128-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Federman C, Joo J, Almario J, Salaheen S, Biswas D. Citrus-derived oil inhibits Staphylococcus aureus growth and alters its interactions with bovine mammary cells. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:3667-3674. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Salaheen S, Nguyen C, Mui C, Biswas D. Bioactive berry juice byproducts as alternative and natural inhibitors forSalmonella Gallinarum andSalmonella Pullorum. J APPL POULTRY RES 2015. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfv021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Salaheen S, Chowdhury N, Hanning I, Biswas D. Zoonotic bacterial pathogens and mixed crop-livestock farming. Poult Sci 2015; 94:1398-1410. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/peu055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Peng M, Reichmann G, Biswas D. Lactobacillus casei and its byproducts alter the virulence factors of foodborne bacterial pathogens. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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