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Lott TT, Stelick AN, Wiedmann M, Martin NH. Gram-negative postpasteurization contamination patterns of single-serve fluid milk produced in 4 different processing facilities. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1334-1354. [PMID: 37777005 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
An analysis of historic data on high temperature, short time (HTST) fluid milk quality showed higher total bacterial counts and lower sensory defect judging scores at d 14 postprocessing for milk packaged in single-serve containers as compared with milk packaged in half-gallon containers from the same processing facilities. As postpasteurization contamination with gram-negative bacteria is likely a major contributor to an increased spoilage risk associated with milk packaged in single-serve containers, we performed a comprehensive assessment of the microbial quality and shelf life of 265 commingled single-serve HTST fluid milk samples (including white [unflavored] skim, white [unflavored] 1%, chocolate skim, and chocolate 1%) collected over 2 visits to 4 commercial fluid milk processing facilities. Over 2 initial sampling visits, the frequency of gram-negative spoilage ranged from 14 to 79% of the product collected from the 4 facilities, with significant differences of gram-negative spoilage frequency between sampling visits, facilities (sampling visit 1, sampling visit 2, and both sampling visits combined), milk types (sampling visit 2), and filler lanes (sampling visit 2). We found no significant differences in the frequency of gram-negative spoilage between sampling time points (e.g., beginning, middle, and end of production run). Across facilities, single-serve containers of milk with gram-negative contamination showed significantly higher bacterial counts on d 7 and 14 and significantly lower sensory scores as compared with those without gram-negative contamination. Follow-up investigations, based on in-facility surveys that identified carton forming mandrels as filler components that frequently failed quality assurance ATP swab checks, found that bacterial genera, including Pseudomonas and Bacillus, isolated from single-serve milk samples were also frequently isolated from mandrels. Although interventions aimed at improving cleaning and sanitation of mandrels did not lead to significant reduction of gram-negative spoilage frequency in a comparison of 398 control and 400 intervention samples, our data still suggest that the unhygienic design of single-serve fillers is likely a root cause of gram-negative contamination of single-serve milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Lott
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - A N Stelick
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - M Wiedmann
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - N H Martin
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
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2
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Guryanova SV, Balandin SV, Belogurova-Ovchinnikova OY, Ovchinnikova TV. Marine Invertebrate Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Potential as Novel Peptide Antibiotics. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:503. [PMID: 37888438 PMCID: PMC10608444 DOI: 10.3390/md21100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates constantly interact with a wide range of microorganisms in their aquatic environment and possess an effective defense system that has enabled their existence for millions of years. Their lack of acquired immunity sets marine invertebrates apart from other marine animals. Invertebrates could rely on their innate immunity, providing the first line of defense, survival, and thriving. The innate immune system of marine invertebrates includes various biologically active compounds, and specifically, antimicrobial peptides. Nowadays, there is a revive of interest in these peptides due to the urgent need to discover novel drugs against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, a pressing global concern in modern healthcare. Modern technologies offer extensive possibilities for the development of innovative drugs based on these compounds, which can act against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. This review focuses on structural peculiarities, biological functions, gene expression, biosynthesis, mechanisms of antimicrobial action, regulatory activities, and prospects for the therapeutic use of antimicrobial peptides derived from marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Guryanova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (S.V.B.)
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Balandin
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (S.V.B.)
| | | | - Tatiana V. Ovchinnikova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (S.V.B.)
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia;
- Department of Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Lakicevic B, Jankovic V, Pietzka A, Ruppitsch W. Wholegenome sequencing as the gold standard approach for control of Listeria monocytogenes in the food chain. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100003. [PMID: 36916580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes has been implicated in numerous outbreaks and related deaths of listeriosis. In food production, L. monocytogenes occurs in raw food material and above all, through postprocessing contamination. The use of next-generation sequencing technologies such as whole-genome sequencing (WGS) facilitates foodborne outbreak investigations, pathogen source tracking and tracing geographic distributions of different clonal complexes, routine microbiological/epidemiological surveillance of listeriosis, and quantitative microbial risk assessment. WGS can also be used to predict various genetic traits related to virulence, stress, or antimicrobial resistance, which can be of great benefit for improving food safety management as well as public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brankica Lakicevic
- Department for Microbiological and Molecular-biological Testing, Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vesna Jankovic
- Department for Microbiological and Molecular-biological Testing, Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ariane Pietzka
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene/National Reference Laboratory for Listeria Division for Public Health, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Graz, Austria
| | - Werner Ruppitsch
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Division for Public Health, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria
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4
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Hewage SN, Makawita P, Gibson KE, Lee JA, Fraser AM. Relationship between ATP Bioluminescence Measurements and Microbial Assessments in Studies Conducted in Food Establishments: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1855-1864. [PMID: 36173898 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Adherence to proper environmental cleaning practices is critical in food establishments. To validate cleanliness, cleaning practices should be routinely monitored, preferably by a rapid, reliable, and cost-effective method. The aim of this study was to determine whether a correlation exists between ATP bioluminescence measurements and selected microbial assessments in studies conducted in food establishments. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted using the principles of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Twelve online databases and search engines were selected for the review. Peer-reviewed articles published in English between January 2000 and July 2020 were included in the search. From a total of 19 eligible studies, 3 that included Pearson correlation coefficients (r) between ATP bioluminescence measurements and microbial assessments were used for the meta-analysis calculations. Only the fixed-effect model produced a strong correlation because one value dominated the estimates: r = 0.9339 (0.9278, 0.9399). In contrast, both the random effects model, 0.2978 (0.24, 0.3471), and the mixed effects model, r = 0.3162 (-0.0387, 0.6711), indicated a weak relationship between ATP bioluminescence and microbial assessments, with no evidence of a strong correlation. The meta-analysis results indicated no sufficient evidence of a strong correlation between ATP bioluminescence measurements and microbial assessments when applied within food establishments. This lack of evidence for a strong correlation between the results of these two monitoring tools suggests that food establishments cannot depend on only one method. Yet, with immediate feedback and quantification of organic soiling, ATP bioluminescence could be an effective monitoring tool to use in food establishments. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Supun Nabadawa Hewage
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, 223 Poole Agricultural Center, Box 340316, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0316
| | - P Makawita
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, 223 Poole Agricultural Center, Box 340316, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0316
| | - Kristen E Gibson
- Department of Food Science, System Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, 2650 North Young Avenue, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72704
| | - Jung-Ae Lee
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Angela M Fraser
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, 223 Poole Agricultural Center, Box 340316, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0316
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5
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Barnett-Neefs C, Wiedmann M, Ivanek R. Examining Patterns of Persistent Listeria Contamination in Packinghouses Using Agent-Based Models. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1824-1841. [PMID: 36041081 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Persistent Listeria monocytogenes contamination may occur in a packinghouse if the pathogen successfully infiltrates the facility and reaches a harborage site, where it may be difficult to remove and may contaminate produce within the facility. There is a need for simulation-based decision support tools that can predict which equipment sites are more likely to undergo persistent contamination and simulate potential corrective actions to prevent this contamination. Thus, we adapted for longer term simulation two existing applications of an agent-based model of Listeria spp. hourly contamination dynamics in produce packinghouses. Next, we developed a novel approach to identify and analyze persistent and transient Listeria contamination patterns on simulated agents representing equipment sites and employees. Testing of corrective actions showed that methods that involved targeted, facility-specific, risk-based sanitation were the most effective in reducing both the likelihood and duration of persistent contamination. Generic approaches to controlling Listeria (e.g., more concentrated sanitizers) are unlikely to be successful and suggest that use of sanitation schedules produced through facility-specific root cause analysis and hygienic design are key in reducing persistence. Hourly Listeria contamination patterns also suggest that transient contamination may be mistaken for persistent contamination, depending on the frequency of environmental sampling. Likewise, as concentrations of Listeria on most contaminated agents were predicted to be very low, there is also a possibility to mistake persistence for transient contamination of sites, or even miss it outright, due to false-negative environmental Listeria monitoring results. These findings support that agent-based models may be valuable decision support tools, aiding in the identification of contamination patterns within packinghouses and assessing the viability of specific corrective actions. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecil Barnett-Neefs
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Martin Wiedmann
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Renata Ivanek
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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6
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Anast JM, Etter AJ, Schmitz‐Esser S. Comparative analysis of Listeria monocytogenes plasmid transcriptomes reveals common and plasmid-specific gene expression patterns and high expression of noncoding RNAs. Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1315. [PMID: 36314750 PMCID: PMC9484302 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research demonstrated that some Listeria monocytogenes plasmids contribute to stress survival. However, only a few studies have analyzed gene expression patterns of L. monocytogenes plasmids. In this study, we identified four previously published stress-response-associated transcriptomic data sets which studied plasmid-harboring L. monocytogenes strains but did not include an analysis of the plasmid transcriptomes. The four transcriptome data sets encompass three distinct plasmids from three different L. monocytogenes strains. Differential gene expression analysis of these plasmids revealed that the number of differentially expressed (DE) L. monocytogenes plasmid genes ranged from 30 to 45 with log2 fold changes of -2.2 to 6.8, depending on the plasmid. Genes often found to be DE included the cadmium resistance genes cadA and cadC, a gene encoding a putative NADH peroxidase, the putative ultraviolet resistance gene uvrX, and several uncharacterized noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Plasmid-encoded ncRNAs were consistently among the highest expressed genes. In addition, one of the data sets utilized the same experimental conditions for two different strains harboring distinct plasmids. We found that the gene expression patterns of these two L. monocytogenes plasmids were highly divergent despite the identical treatments. These data suggest plasmid-specific gene expression responses to environmental stimuli and differential plasmid regulation mechanisms between L. monocytogenes strains. Our findings further our understanding of the dynamic expression of L. monocytogenes plasmid-encoded genes in diverse environmental conditions and highlight the need to expand the study of L. monocytogenes plasmid genes' functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Anast
- Department of Animal ScienceIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate ProgramIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Andrea J. Etter
- Department of Nutrition and Food SciencesThe University of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Stephan Schmitz‐Esser
- Department of Animal ScienceIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate ProgramIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
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7
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Burnett J, Wu ST, Voorn M, Jordan C, Manuel CS, Singh M, Oliver HF. Enhanced training, employee-led deep cleans, and complete sanitation execution are effective Listeria monocytogenes controls in retail produce environments. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Sanitation and customer service strategies implemented during COVID-19 correlated with lower Listeria monocytogenes prevalence in retail delicatessens. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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Cavalcanti AAC, Limeira CH, Siqueira IND, Lima ACD, Medeiros FJPD, Souza JGD, Medeiros NGDA, Oliveira Filho AAD, Melo MAD. The prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in meat products in Brazil: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Res Vet Sci 2022; 145:169-176. [PMID: 35217271 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen that causes human listeriosis, is commonly found in meat products. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in a variety of Brazilian meat products, using a meta-analysis of data from the literature. A total of 29 publications from five databases, published between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2019, were included in the study. Estimated by the random-effects model, the combined prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 13%, ranging from 0 to 59%. The combined prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 14% and 11% for raw meat and ready-to-eat (RTE) meat, respectively. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes was higher in the swine species' meat products and the Southeast region of Brazil. Regarding the type of establishment, it was the retail market that presented the highest combined prevalence rate (19%). The most prevalent serotypes of L. monocytogenes were 4b, 1/2a, 1/2b, and 1/2c. The knowledge of differences in the prevalence levels of L. monocytogenes in different meat products can guide in its efficient control by the competent authorities and by industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clécio Henrique Limeira
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Patos, PB, Brazil
| | - Iara Nunes de Siqueira
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Patos, PB, Brazil
| | | | | | - Joyce Galvão de Souza
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Patos, PB, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcia Almeida de Melo
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Patos, PB, Brazil.
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10
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Liu Y, Fang T, Suo Y, Gao S, Baranzoni GM, Armstrong CM. Transcriptomics of Listeria monocytogenes Treated With Olive Leaf Extract. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:782116. [PMID: 35003011 PMCID: PMC8740304 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.782116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a regulated foodborne pathogen that is known to cause listeriosis, a disease associated with high mortality rates in humans. Olive leaf extract (OLE) has been shown to act as a plant antimicrobial and inhibit the growth of pathogens, such as L. monocytogenes, although its mode of action has not been defined. To help identify the cellular mechanisms important for conveying these beneficial traits, RNA-Seq was used to study the transcriptome of L. monocytogenes upon exposure to a sublethal level of OLE. Results obtained from cells cultured both with and without OLE at two different time points (3.5-h and 24-h) revealed 661 genes that were differentially expressed. Of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified, transcription was altered for 171 genes in response to the 3.5-h OLE treatment while 490 genes were altered in response to the 24-h OLE treatment. These DEGs included but were not limited to genes encoding for signal transduction, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and the phosphotransferase system. Interestingly, several virulence-related genes were downregulated including an ABC transporter permease previously shown to negatively regulate biofilm formation, genes involved in flagella assembly and binding/entry into host cells as well as those regulating acid resistance suggesting that OLE may decrease the virulence potential of L. monocytogenes. Furthermore, quantitative reverse-transcription PCR was used to validate the data obtained via RNA-Seq. Our study provides insight into the mode of action of OLE treatment against L. monocytogenes and may aid in identifying synergetic strategies to inhibit L. monocytogenes in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Liu
- Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Ting Fang
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yujuan Suo
- Institute of Agro-Food Standard and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Shigang Gao
- Institute of Agro-Food Standard and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Gian Marco Baranzoni
- Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Cheryl M Armstrong
- Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
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11
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Centorotola G, Guidi F, D’Aurizio G, Salini R, Di Domenico M, Ottaviani D, Petruzzelli A, Fisichella S, Duranti A, Tonucci F, Acciari VA, Torresi M, Pomilio F, Blasi G. Intensive Environmental Surveillance Plan for Listeria monocytogenes in Food Producing Plants and Retail Stores of Central Italy: Prevalence and Genetic Diversity. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081944. [PMID: 34441721 PMCID: PMC8392342 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) can persist in food processing environments (FPEs), surviving environmental stresses and disinfectants. We described an intensive environmental monitoring plan performed in Central Italy and involving food producing plants (FPPs) and retail grocery stores (RSs). The aim of the study was to provide a snapshot of the Lm circulation in different FPEs during a severe listeriosis outbreak, using whole genome sequencing (WGS) to investigate the genetic diversity of the Lm isolated, evaluating their virulence and stress resistance profiles. A total of 1217 samples were collected in 86 FPEs with 12.0% of positive surfaces at FPPs level and 7.5% at RSs level; 133 Lm isolates were typed by multilocus sequencing typing (MLST) and core genome MLST (cgMLST). Clonal complex (CC) 121 (25.6%), CC9 (22.6%), CC1 (11.3%), CC3 (10.5%), CC191 (4.5%), CC7 (4.5%) and CC31 (3.8%) were the most frequent MLST clones. Among the 26 cgMLST clusters obtained, 5 of them persisted after sanitization and were re-isolated during the follow-up sampling. All the CC121 harboured the Tn6188_qac gene for tolerance to benzalkonium chloride and the stress survival islet SSI-2. The CC3, CC7, CC9, CC31 and CC191 carried the SSI-1. All the CC9 and CC121 strains presented a premature stop codon in the inlA gene. In addition to the Lm Pathogenicity Island 1 (LIPI-1), CC1, CC3 and CC191 harboured the LIPI-3. The application of intensive environmental sampling plans for the detection and WGS analysis of Lm isolates could improve surveillance and early detection of outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Centorotola
- Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento Per Listeria monocytogenes, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.C.); (V.A.A.); (M.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Fabrizia Guidi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (D.O.); (A.P.); (S.F.); (A.D.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-075-3431
| | - Guglielmo D’Aurizio
- ARS P.F. Prevenzione Veterinaria e Sicurezza Alimentare, Regione Marche, via Don Gioia, 8, 60122 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Romolo Salini
- Centro Operativo Veterinario Per l’Epidemiologia, Programmazione, Informazione e Analisi del Rischio (COVEPI), National Reference Center for Veterinary Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Marco Di Domenico
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale Per Sequenze Genomiche di Microrganismi Patogeni, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Donatella Ottaviani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (D.O.); (A.P.); (S.F.); (A.D.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Annalisa Petruzzelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (D.O.); (A.P.); (S.F.); (A.D.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Stefano Fisichella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (D.O.); (A.P.); (S.F.); (A.D.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Anna Duranti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (D.O.); (A.P.); (S.F.); (A.D.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Franco Tonucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (D.O.); (A.P.); (S.F.); (A.D.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Vicdalia Aniela Acciari
- Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento Per Listeria monocytogenes, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.C.); (V.A.A.); (M.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Marina Torresi
- Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento Per Listeria monocytogenes, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.C.); (V.A.A.); (M.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesco Pomilio
- Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento Per Listeria monocytogenes, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (G.C.); (V.A.A.); (M.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Giuliana Blasi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (D.O.); (A.P.); (S.F.); (A.D.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
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12
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Simonetti T, Peter K, Chen Y, Jin Q, Zhang G, LaBorde LF, Macarisin D. Prevalence and Distribution of Listeria monocytogenes in Three Commercial Tree Fruit Packinghouses. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:652708. [PMID: 34177834 PMCID: PMC8222780 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.652708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2-year longitudinal study of three tree fruit packinghouses was conducted to determine the prevalence and distribution of Listeria monocytogenes. Samples were collected from 40 standardized non-food-contact surface locations six different times over two 11-month production seasons. Of the 1,437 samples collected, the overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes over the course of the study was 17.5%. Overall prevalence did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between each year. However, values varied significantly (p ≤ 0.05) within each production season following packing activity levels; increasing in the fall, peaking in early winter, and then decreasing through spring. L. monocytogenes was most often found in the packing line areas, where moisture and fruit debris were commonly observed and less often in dry cold storage and packaging areas. Persistent contamination was attributed to the inability of water drainage systems to prevent moisture accumulation on floors and equipment during peak production times and uncontrolled employee and equipment traffic throughout the facility. This is the first multiyear longitudinal surveillance study to compare L. monocytogenes prevalence at standardized sample sites common to multiple tree fruit packinghouses. Recommendations based on our results will help packinghouse operators to identify critical areas for inclusion in their L. monocytogenes environmental monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobin Simonetti
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Kari Peter
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Yi Chen
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Qing Jin
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Luke F LaBorde
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Dumitru Macarisin
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, United States
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13
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Sundarram A, Britton BC, Liu J, Desiree K, Ogas R, Lemaster P, Navarrete B, Nowakowski H, Harrod MK, Marks D, Ebner PD, Oliver HF. Lytic Capacity Survey of Commercial Listeria Phage Against Listeria spp. with Varied Genotypic and Phenotypic Characteristics. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2021; 18:413-418. [PMID: 33902330 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2020.2897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is regularly isolated from food processing environments and is endemic in some facilities. Bacteriophage have potential as biocontrol strategies for L. monocytogenes. In this study, the lytic capacity of a commercial Listeria phage cocktail was evaluated against a library of 475 Listeria spp. isolates (426 L. monocytogenes and 49 other Listeria spp.) with varied genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. The lytic capacity of the Listeria phages was measured by spot assays where lysis was scored on a scale of 0-3 (0 = no lysis; 1 = slight lysis; 2 = moderate lysis; 3 = confluent lysis). Only 5% of all tested Listeria spp. isolates, including L. monocytogenes, were either moderately or highly susceptible (score 2 or 3) to lysis by Listeria phage when scores were averaged across temperature and phage concentration; 155 of 5700 treatment (multiplicity of infection [MOI] and temperature) and characteristic (genotype, sanitizer tolerance, and attachment capacity) combinations resulted in confluent lysis (score = 3). Odds ratios for susceptibility to lysis were calculated using multinomial logistic regression. The odds of susceptibility to lysis by phage decreased (p < 0.05) if the L. monocytogenes isolate was previously found to persist or if the phage-bacteria culture was incubated at 30°C; neither isolate persistence or temperature was significant (p ≥ 0.05) when all factors were considered. In addition, lytic efficacy varied (p < 0.05) among pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pulsotypes and may be affected by host MOI (p < 0.05). There was no effect (p > 0.05) of attachment capacity or sanitizer tolerance on phage susceptibility. This study underscores the complexity of using Listeria phage as a biocontrol for Listeria spp. in food processing facilities and highlights that phage susceptibility is most greatly impacted by genotype. Further studies are needed to evaluate these findings within a processing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajita Sundarram
- Department of Food Science and College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Brianna C Britton
- Department of Food Science and College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Karina Desiree
- Department of Food Science and College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Raeya Ogas
- Department of Food Science and College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Paige Lemaster
- Department of Food Science and College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Brenda Navarrete
- Department of Food Science and College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Haley Nowakowski
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Mary Kate Harrod
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Danielle Marks
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Paul D Ebner
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Haley F Oliver
- Department of Food Science and College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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14
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Tsaloumi S, Aspridou Z, Tsigarida E, Gaitis F, Garofalakis G, Barberis K, Tzoumanika F, Dandoulaki M, Skiadas R, Koutsoumanis K. Quantitative risk assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (RTE) cooked meat products sliced at retail stores in Greece. Food Microbiol 2021; 99:103800. [PMID: 34119094 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) model predicting the listeriosis risk related to the consumption of Ready- To- Eat (RTE) cooked meat products sliced at retail stores in Greece was developed. The probability of illness per serving assessed for 87 products available in the Greek market was found highly related to the nitrite concentration; products having a lower concentration showed a higher risk per serving. The predicted 95th percentiles of the annual listeriosis cases totaled 33 of which 13 cases were <65 years old and 20 cases ≥65 years old. The highest number of cases was predicted for mortadella, smoked turkey, boiled turkey and parizer, which were the most frequently consumed product categories. Two scenarios for assessing potential interventions to reduce the risk were tested: setting a use-by date of 14 days (these products have no use-by date based on current European Union legislation) and improving the temperature control during domestic storage. The two scenarios resulted in a decrease of the 95th and 99th percentiles of the total annual cases by 97% and 88%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Tsaloumi
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Zafiro Aspridou
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Konstantinos Koutsoumanis
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.
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15
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Mujahid S, Miranda R, Rogers JE. Occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in Counter-Sliced Turkey Meat Samples from Independent Delis in New York City. J Food Prot 2021; 84:587-591. [PMID: 33211871 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Research suggests that small, independent delicatessens are less likely to follow proper sanitation procedures, including slicer inspection, which could lead to a higher likelihood of these delis being a reservoir for Listeria monocytogenes growth and cross-contamination. This study was undertaken to determine the incidence of L. monocytogenes in counter-sliced turkey deli meat obtained from independent delis in an urban city. Deli meat, counter-sliced on site, was collected from 118 independent delis in New York City. The samples were analyzed for L. monocytogenes using the U.S. Department of Agriculture Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook methodology for isolation and confirmation. The selection criteria for delis included using the city's restaurant inspection and grading system. Two samples, from separate delis, were confirmed as positive for L. monocytogenes (1.69%). Analysis of the genomic sequences of one of the samples revealed a close match to a cluster of six clinical isolates, which were part of an ongoing multistate listeriosis outbreak spanning four states. The sequence of the second isolate matched a clinical isolate in a neighboring state. Both isolates were obtained from delis that did not have the top inspection grade. Although a snapshot of one urban area, this study is the first report on the current incidence of L. monocytogenes on counter-sliced deli meat from independent deli establishments. This study suggests that these delis can potentially serve as sources of L. monocytogenes contamination or contribute to downstream foodborne listeriosis. Information provided by city inspection and grading systems, in addition to the letter grade, may serve as a tool to identify delis with potential L. monocytogenes contamination issues and a basis for product and environmental sampling by public health authorities. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Mujahid
- Consumer Reports, 101 Truman Avenue, Yonkers, New York 10703, USA.,(ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2437-9409 [S.M.])
| | - Robyn Miranda
- Consumer Reports, 101 Truman Avenue, Yonkers, New York 10703, USA
| | - James E Rogers
- Consumer Reports, 101 Truman Avenue, Yonkers, New York 10703, USA
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16
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17
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Reichler S, Murphy S, Erickson A, Martin N, Snyder A, Wiedmann M. Interventions designed to control postpasteurization contamination in high-temperature, short-time-pasteurized fluid milk processing facilities: A case study on the effect of employee training, clean-in-place chemical modification, and preventive maintenance programs. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:7569-7584. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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18
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Listeria monocytogenes is prevalent in retail produce environments but Salmonella enterica is rare. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Retail deli managers and associates have better food safety culture in stores with lower Listeria monocytogenes contamination. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Wu ST, Burnett J, Wang J, Hammons SR, Veenhuizen DR, Oliver HF. Infrastructure, sanitation, and management practices impact Listeria monocytogenes prevalence in retail grocery produce environments. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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21
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Wu ST, Hammons SR, Wang J, Assisi C, DiPietro B, Oliver HF. Predictive risk models combined with employee- and management-implemented SSOPs identified and reduced Listeria monocytogenes prevalence in retail delis. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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22
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Kayode AJ, Igbinosa EO, Okoh AI. Overview of listeriosis in the Southern African Hemisphere—Review. J Food Saf 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adeoye J. Kayode
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort Hare Alice South Africa
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring CenterUniversity of Fort Hare Alice South Africa
| | - Etinosa O. Igbinosa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life SciencesPrivate Mail Bag 1154, University of Benin Benin City Nigeria
| | - Anthony I. Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort Hare Alice South Africa
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring CenterUniversity of Fort Hare Alice South Africa
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23
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Taylor AJ, Stasiewicz MJ. Persistent and sporadic Listeria monocytogenes strains do not differ when growing at 37 °C, in planktonic state, under different food associated stresses or energy sources. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:257. [PMID: 31744459 PMCID: PMC6862832 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes causes the potentially lethal disease listeriosis. Within food-associated environments, L. monocytogenes can persist for long periods and increase the risk of contamination by continued presence in processing facilities or other food-associated environments. Most research on phenotyping of persistent L. monocytogenes’ has explored biofilm formation and sanitizer resistance, with less data examining persistent L. monocytogenes’ phenotypic responses to extrinsic factors, such as variations in osmotic pressure, pH, and energy source availability. It was hypothesized that isolates of persistent strains are able to grow, and grow faster, under a broader range of intrinsic and extrinsic factors compared to closely related isolates of sporadic strains. Results To test this hypothesis, 95 isolates (representing 74 isolates of 20 persistent strains and 21 isolates of sporadic strains) from a series of previous studies in retail delis, were grown at 37 °C, in (i) stress conditions: salt (0, 5, and 10% NaCl), pH (5.2, 7.2, and 9.2), and sanitizer (benzalkonium chloride, 0, 2, and 5 μg/mL) and (ii) energy sources: 25 mM glucose, cellobiose, glycogen, fructose, lactose, and sucrose; the original goal was to follow up with low temperature experiments for treatments where significant differences were observed. Growth rate and the ability to grow of 95 isolates were determined using high-throughput, OD600, growth curves. All stress conditions reduced growth rates in isolates compared to control (p < 0.05). In addition, growth varied by the tested energy sources. In chemically defined, minimal media there was a trend toward more isolates showing growth in all replicates using cellobiose (p = 0.052) compared to the control (glucose) and fewer isolates able to grow in glycogen (p = 0.02), lactose (p = 2.2 × 10− 16), and sucrose (p = 2.2 × 10− 16). Still, at least one isolate was able to consistently grow in every replicate for each energy source. Conclusions The central hypothesis was rejected, as there was not a significant difference in growth rate or ability to grow for retail deli isolates of persistent strains compared to sporadic strains for any treatments at 37 °C. Therefore, these data suggest that persistence is likely not determined by a phenotype unique to persistent strains grown at 37 °C and exposed to extrinsic stresses or variation in energy sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Taylor
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Matthew J Stasiewicz
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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24
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Aalto-Araneda M, Lundén J, Markkula A, Hakola S, Korkeala H. Processing plant and machinery sanitation and hygiene practices associate with Listeria monocytogenes occurrence in ready-to-eat fish products. Food Microbiol 2019; 82:455-464. [PMID: 31027805 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes causes the foodborne illness listeriosis, which exhibits high fatality among people in risk groups. The incidence of listeriosis has increased in Europe, which raises concerns about L. monocytogenes occurrence in foodstuffs. Ready-to-eat seafood products are considered particularly risky vehicles. Poor hygiene at processing facilities predisposes them to L. monocytogenes contamination, which can be controlled by stringent self-checking system measures. We examined the association of fish-processing plant operational and hygiene practices with the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in vacuum-packaged gravad (cold-salted) and cold-smoked salmon and rainbow trout products. Product sampling of 21 fish-processing plants was carried out, and operational procedures relating to L. monocytogenes control were surveyed using an in-depth risk assessment questionnaire. L. monocytogenes occurred only in sliced and mainly in gravad products of seven fish-processing plants. Shortages in preventive measures were discovered predominantly among the L. monocytogenes positive fish-processing plants. Using generalized linear modeling, we identified the following features associated with L. monocytogenes product contamination: the number of processing machines, deficiencies in the processing environment and machinery sanitation, and staff movement from areas of low toward high hygiene. Furthermore, performing frequent periodic thorough sanitation alongside everyday sanitation practices associated with a decreased risk of product contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Aalto-Araneda
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Janne Lundén
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annukka Markkula
- Microbiological Food Safety Unit, Food Safety Department, Finnish Food Authority, Mustialankatu 3, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Hakola
- Microbiology Research Unit, Research and Laboratory Services Department, Finnish Food Authority, Mustialankatu 3, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Korkeala
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
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25
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Cusimano MG, Spinello A, Barone G, Schillaci D, Cascioferro S, Magistrato A, Parrino B, Arizza V, Vitale M. A Synthetic Derivative of Antimicrobial Peptide Holothuroidin 2 from Mediterranean Sea Cucumber ( Holothuria tubulosa) in the Control of Listeria monocytogenes. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030159. [PMID: 30857142 PMCID: PMC6471310 DOI: 10.3390/md17030159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited number of available antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered antimicrobial candidates to fight difficult-to-treat infections such as those associated with biofilms. Marine environments are precious sources of AMPs, as shown by the recent discovery of antibiofilm properties of Holothuroidin 2 (H2), an AMP produced by the Mediterranean sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa. In this study, we considered the properties of a new H2 derivative, named H2d, and we tested it against seven strains of the dangerous foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. This peptide was more active than H2 in inhibiting the growth of planktonic L. monocytogenes and was able to interfere with biofilm formation at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Atomic-level molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed insights related to the enhanced inhibitory activity of H2d, showing that the peptide is characterized by a more defined tertiary structure with respect to its ancestor. This allows the peptide to better exhibit an amphipathic character, which is an essential requirement for the interaction with cell membranes, similarly to other AMPs. Altogether, these results support the potential use of our synthetic peptide, H2d, as a template for the development of novel AMP-based drugs able to fight foodborne that are resistant to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Cusimano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Angelo Spinello
- CNR-IOM-Democritos c/o International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Domenico Schillaci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Magistrato
- CNR-IOM-Democritos c/o International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maria Vitale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
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26
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Hammons SR, Etter AJ, Wang J, Wu T, Ford T, Howard MT, Oliver HF. Evaluation of Third-Party Deep Cleaning as a Listeria monocytogenes Control Strategy in Retail Delis. J Food Prot 2017; 80:1913-1923. [PMID: 29053422 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop and assess the efficacy of an aggressive deep cleaning sanitation standard operating procedure (DC-SSOP) in nine retail delicatessens to reduce persistent Listeria monocytogenes environmental contamination. The DC-SSOP was developed from combined daily SSOPs recommended by the Food Marketing Institute and input from experts in Listeria control from food manufacturing and sanitation. The DC-SSOP was executed by a trained professional cleaning service during a single 12-h shutdown period. A modified protocol from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Bacteriological Analytical Manual was used to detect L. monocytogenes in samples from 28 food and nonfood contact surfaces that were collected immediately before and after each cleaning and in samples collected monthly for 3 months. The DC-SSOP significantly reduced L. monocytogenes prevalence overall during the 3-month follow-up period and produced variable results for persistent L. monocytogenes isolates. Six delis with historically low to moderate L. monocytogenes prevalence had no significant changes in the number of samples positive for L. monocytogenes after deep cleaning. Deep cleaning in very high prevalence delis (20 to 30% prevalence) reduced L. monocytogenes by 25.6% (Padj < 0.0001, n = 294) overall during the follow-up period. Among delis with extremely high prevalence (>30%), positive samples from nonfood contact surfaces were reduced by 19.6% (Padj = 0.0002, n = 294) during the follow-up period. The inability of deep cleaning to completely eliminate persistent L. monocytogenes was likely due to the diverse infrastructures in each deli, which may require more individualized intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Hammons
- Department of Food Science (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-8790 [T.W.]), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Andrea J Etter
- Department of Food Science (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-8790 [T.W.]), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.,Purdue Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Jingjin Wang
- Department of Food Science (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-8790 [T.W.]), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Tongyu Wu
- Department of Food Science (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-8790 [T.W.]), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Thomas Ford
- Ecolab, Inc., Greensboro, North Carolina 27409, USA
| | | | - Haley F Oliver
- Department of Food Science (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-8790 [T.W.]), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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